by
Almog Ramrajkar
| Apr 10, 2024
Updated on 14 Nov 2025
Bikes are a common and convenient way of travelling, especially for daily use. Every bike works through a set of parts that play a special role in safety, comfort and performance. A rider may not need to know every detail, but basic knowledge is essential for safe and easy riding.
This blog explains the main parts of a bike, how they affect performance, ways to maintain them, and the connection between good maintenance and insurance claims.
What are the essential parts of a bike?
A bike runs properly only when all its important parts function together. These include:
1. Engine
The engine of a bike or scooter powers it and is responsible for its performance. The combustion of the fuel takes place in an engine, after which other parts start moving. For bikes, the engine is usually located on the front, whereas for scooters, the engine is on the rear.
Regular inspection and servicing are essential for the longevity of the engine. Hence, you must take your two-wheeler for servicing every four to six months to keep its engine fresh and efficient. You should also add an Engine Protect Cover to your two-wheeler insurance policy, which will cover the repair expenses for regular wear and tear of your bike's engine. Our Private Car Package Policy comes with an Engine Protect Plus add-on, which you can purchase at a nominal extra premium.
2. Brakes
Brakes are one of the most important components of a two-wheeler. There are two types: disc brakes and drum brakes. You need to apply the brakes when you halt your moving vehicle or lower its speed.
In the case of motorcycles, the front-tyre brake is located on the right-hand side of the handlebar, whereas the rear-tyre brake is presented in the form of a lever that the rider can press with his/her right leg. In the case of scooters or mopeds, both brakes are located on the handlebars.
3. Tyres
The tyres separate a vehicle from the road. As the name suggests, every "two-wheeler" is equipped with two tyres – one at the front and one at the rear. There are two types – tubeless tyres and tube tyres. Different thread patterns are designed on a tyre's surface to ensure adequate grip and friction with the road.
Maintaining an optimum tyre pressure helps you keep the balance of your bike and increases its fuel efficiency. Also, when the tread patterns of your bike's tires start flattening, consider changing them.
4. Clutch and gear
These components are exclusive to motorcycles or bikes. While the gear is used to control motion and torque, the clutch is used to apply brakes and change gears. Gears are usually presented as a lever that the rider can press with their left leg, whereas the clutch is located on the left-hand side of the handlebars.
Like other mechanical parts, the clutch and gears of a motorcycle should be serviced regularly. The clutch should be adjusted to allow an optimum level of free play. An over-tightened clutch could cause difficulty in riding and reduce the fuel efficiency of the motorcycle.
5. Accelerator
An accelerator is another important component, which is present in both bikes and scooters on the right-hand side of the handlebars. It is used to increase the speed of the vehicle while riding. When a rider revs up the accelerator in a clockwise direction, the speed of their two-wheeler increases.
6. Exhaust pipe
The exhaust pipe, also called a silencer or front pipe in India, diverts high-pressure gases from the engine into the atmosphere. Usually made of mild steel, it may be coated with stainless steel. A choked exhaust is dangerous, as trapped gases can cause severe damage or even a blast in extreme cases. Regular cleaning and rust checks help keep it safe.
7. Fuel tank
A fuel tank stores fuel. Its capacity varies from vehicle to vehicle, and can be between 5 to 15 litres for a two-wheeler. There is a cap on the top of the fuel tank used to fill petrol into it. The fuel tank is usually located above the engine. It should be cleaned regularly to avoid the formation of rust, as it can react with petrol to form a dangerous combination. You can use baking soda or white vinegar for cleaning.
8. Headlamp and tail lamp
The headlamp, often called the eye of the vehicle, is fixed at the front and provides visibility at night or in foggy conditions. The tail lamp, at the rear, helps other vehicles spot the bike and maintain a safe distance.
How essential parts affect bike performance
Each part of a bike plays a role in its performance. Here’s how:
- Engine efficiency: A well-functioning engine might give smoother acceleration and better mileage.
- Frame strength: A strong frame provides balance and supports the rider, especially on rough roads.
- Tyre condition: Tyres with good tread may give better grip and shorter braking distance.
- Brake response: Responsive brakes may reduce stopping distance and prevent accidents.
- Suspension quality: Suspension affects comfort and handling. Good suspension may keep the bike steady even on damaged roads.
- Gear use: Proper gear function helps the engine work at the right speed.
- Exhaust system health: A clean exhaust may reduce noise and pollution.
- Lights and indicators: Working lights may improve night riding safety and make the rider visible to others.
- Battery charge: A charged battery may allow smooth ignition and reliable lighting.
Tips to maintain essential bike parts
Some common maintenance tips include:
- Engine: Change oil regularly, keep filters clean, and avoid over-revving.
- Tyres: Maintain correct air pressure and replace tyres showing cracks or low tread.
- Brakes: Check brake pads often, adjust cables, and change worn-out parts.
- Suspension: Inspect for leaks and avoid overloading.
- Chain and sprockets: Lubricate the chain and adjust tension for smooth power transfer.
- Battery: Keep terminals clean and check charge levels frequently.
- Fuel tank: Use clean fuel and close the cap properly to prevent leakage.
- Lights and indicators: Test bulbs regularly and replace faulty ones promptly.
Role of bike maintenance in two-wheeler insurance claims
Neglecting maintenance, such as riding with worn-out tyres, faulty brakes, or dim lights, can raise accident risks and may affect claims under comprehensive two-wheeler insurance. Regular servicing, timely part replacements, and proper record-keeping support smoother claim settlement while also promoting safe riding and financial protection.
Conclusion
Every bike is made of several parts, but a few of them directly affect safety and performance. From the engine to the brakes, each part has a clear role. Regular maintenance may reduce risks, improve riding experience, and even support bike insurance online claims.
While you take the effort to keep your bike in good condition, let us guide you in protecting it against unexpected costs. Get tailored bike insurance advice and solutions by filling out the form on this page.
FAQs
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Which part of a bike is most important for safety?
Brakes and tyres are the most important for safety because they control speed and grip.
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How often should bike tyres be checked?
Tyres may be checked once every two weeks for pressure and condition.
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What happens if the bike chain is not maintained?
An unclean or loose chain might slip, cause jerks, or reduce engine efficiency.
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Why is suspension important?
Suspension reduces shocks, keeps the bike steady, and improves comfort.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the topic featured in the article. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.