Arising from viral or bacterial infections, meningitis presents as an infection and inflammation of the fluid and membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord. Non-infectious conditions such as cancer or head injuries can also contribute to its occurrence. Primarily impacting infants, children, teenagers, and young adults, meningitis is a serious condition necessitating prompt treatment. While mild cases may not require intervention, severe instances can lead to death, necessitating emergency antibiotic treatment. In some cases, meningitis can escalate to life-threatening blood poisoning (sepsis), causing permanent damage to the brain or nerves. Let’s explore all facets of meningitis, encompassing vital information that will comprehensively analyse this significant health concern.

What is Meningitis?

The meaning of meningitis involves an infection and inflammation of the fluid and membrane area surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The protective membrane, meningis, is crucial in safeguarding the brain and spinal cord from injury, providing support and structure by including nerves, blood vessels, and cerebrospinal fluid. Inflammation from meningitis can manifest with symptoms such as headaches, fever, and a stiff neck. It is crucial to seek medical care promptly if symptoms indicative of meningitis are suspected to prevent potentially serious complications associated with this condition.

Symptoms of Meningitis

The symptoms of meningitis differ based on viral and bacterial meningitis. They may appear within several hours to a few weeks from the start of infection. The meningitis symptoms include:

1. Viral Meningitis

 In infants, the symptoms of meningitis may cause:

• Loss of appetite
• Irritability
• Respiratory illness
• Diarrhoea
• Skin rash
• Vomiting
• Fever

In adults, viral meningitis may cause:

• Tiredness
• Frequent headaches
• Stiffness and pain in the neck area
• Seizures
• Sensitivity to light
• Sleepiness
• Loss of appetite
• Changes in mental health

2. Bacterial Meningitis

The symptoms include:

• Purple area resembling bruises
• Altered mental status
• Tiredness
• Irritability
• Headaches
• Stiffness and pain in the neck area
• Seizures
• Sensitivity to light
• Sleepiness
• Loss of appetite
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Fever

3. Fungal Meningitis

The symptoms of fungal meningitis may include:

• Fatigue
• Confusion
• Irritability
• Headaches
• Stiffness and pain in the neck area
• Seizures
• Sensitivity to light
• Sleepiness
• Loss of appetite
• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting

4. Chronic Meningitis

If the symptoms of meningitis are severe and last longer than four weeks, it could be chronic meningitis.

5. Meningitis Rash

The symptoms occur when you are infected with a bacterium named Neisseria meningitidis. The bacteria in the bloodstream causes a faint rash on the skin of the infected. The rash spots get darker and larger when the infection worsens and spreads.

It is essential to go to your doctor, who will perform tests to determine which type of meningitis you have.

Causes of Meningitis

As mentioned earlier, meningitis causes include different types of infections such as bacterial, viral, or fungal. These pathogens spread through the bloodstream and nerve endings or may reactivate in the nervous system, eventually reaching the brain or spinal cord. Additionally, non-infectious conditions like cancer, head injury-related diseases, and certain medications can also contribute to the occurrence of meningitis.

Types of Meningitis

While there are different meningitis conditions, the most common types of meningitis infections are viral and bacterial. The less common forms of meningitis include cryptococcal, caused by a fungal infection, and carcinomatous, which is cancer-related.

• Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is more prevalent than its bacterial counterpart, as many viruses can trigger the condition. Some may even cause diarrhoea. These viruses include:

• Coxsackievirus A
• Coxsackievirus B
• Echoviruses

Other viruses that can cause meningitis include:

• West Nile virus
• Influenza virus
• Mumps
• HIV
• Measles
• Herpes viruses
• Coltivirus, which causes Colorado tick fever

• Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis occurs when bacteria access the bloodstream and travel to the brain and spinal cord. Alternatively, the bacteria may directly invade the membranes, often prompted by factors like ear or sinus infections, skull fractures, or specific surgical interventions.

Bacteria causing meningitis include:

• Streptococcus pneumonia: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary culprit for bacterial meningitis in infants, young children, and adults. Infections with this bacterium are responsible for ear infections, sinus infections, and the onset of meningitis.
• Neisseria Meningitides: This bacterium, Neisseria meningitidis, induces bacterial meningitis, specifically meningococcal meningitis. While the bacteria initially affects the upper respiratory system, if it enters the bloodstream, it can cause meningococcal meningitis, a condition notorious for causing highly contagious infections in teenagers and young adults.
• Haemophilus Influenza: Previously recognised as the primary cause of bacterial meningitis in children, infection due to the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) bacterium has seen a decline in cases following the introduction of new Hib vaccines. The development and use of this vaccine have contributed to reducing instances of this particular type of bacterial meningitis.

Listeria Monocytogenes: These bacteria are generally found in unpasteurised cheeses, hot dogs, and lunchmeats. People with a weak immune system, like in the case of pregnant women, newborns, and older adults, are most susceptible to it, as during pregnancy, listeria can cross the placenta and later cause an infection that can be fatal to the baby.

• Chronic Meningitis

Chronic meningitis occurs in the case of slow-growing organisms like fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this type of meningitis, the microorganisms invade the cell membrane and fluid surrounding the brain due to blood vessel damage and develop chronic meningitis. The symptoms of chronic meningitis can be severe, but case cases have mild symptoms, including headache, fever, vomiting, and mental cloudiness.

• Fungal Meningitis

Although infrequent, fungal meningitis can resemble acute bacterial meningitis. This condition arises from inhaling fungal spores, which are present in soil, decaying wood, and bird droppings. The fungus causing meningitis includes:

1. Cryptococcus is a fungus inhaled from dirt or soil. It is also present in bird droppings, especially pigeons and chickens.
2. Blastomyces is another fungus found in soil that can cause fungal meningitis.
3. Environments heavily contaminated with bat and bird droppings contain Histoplasma, which can cause fungal meningitis.
4. Coccidioides are found in soil and can cause fungal meningitis.

• Parasitic Meningitis

Parasitic meningitis may result from a tapeworm infection in the brain, cerebral malaria, categorised as eosinophilic meningitis, or amoebic meningitis, which can be acquired, albeit rarely, through freshwater swimming and poses a rapid, life-threatening risk. Parasitic meningitis does not spread from person to person.

Vaccination against Meningitis

The vaccine has been developed to cure bacterial meningitis. The causative agent Neisseria meningitidis is one version for which vaccines are available. So, for that purpose, two primary vaccines for meningitis have been developed for bacterial causes, including:

• Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACWY)

The meningococcal conjugate, or MenACWY vaccine, has been designed to target four of the most common types of bacterial serotypes. This vaccine lasts longer and can be used as a booster dose as it offers greater protection. The CDC recommends vaccinating children aged 11 to 12, with a booster shot administered at 16 years of age.

• Serogroup B meningococcal, or MenB

The other vaccine, Serogroup B meningococcal or MenB, targets one specific strain. This vaccine has a short protection window, so it is recommended to administer it to certain populations. The CDC recommends administering this vaccine to individuals aged 10 and older, both adults and children, who are at an increased risk or have been diagnosed with meningococcal disease. Individuals with sickle cell disease, a compromised spleen, certain individuals with a rare immune disorder known as complement component deficiency, or those taking specific medications are recommended to receive this vaccine.

• Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)

The vaccine provides protection against pneumococcal bacteria for older children and young adults. The CDC recommends giving this vaccine to individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, or sickle cell anaemia. It is also advisable for individuals without a spleen. The PPSV23 vaccine is suitable for adults over 65 years, younger adults, and children aged 2 with weakened immune systems.

• Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib)

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advocate for administering this vaccine to children 2 months and older. People with conditions such as sickle cell disease or AIDS and those without a spleen cannot receive this administration.

Diagnosis of Meningitis

The diagnosis of meningitis starts with a health history and physical examination where a doctor will check for symptoms like:

• Skin rash
• Increased heartbeat
• Neck stiffness
• Un-consciousness

Other tests include:

• Spinal Tap

A healthcare practitioner conducts a spinal tap to gather cerebrospinal fluid during this process. Examiners then analyse the collected fluid to identify signs such as low sugar levels, an increased count of white blood cells, and elevated protein levels. Sometimes, the fluid may also contain bacteria, causing meningitis. To detect viral- meningitis, you may need a DNA-based test known as polymerase chain reaction amplification. A spinal tap test can also determine suitable antibiotics for treatment using cerebrospinal fluid.

Other common test to diagnose meningitis includes the following:

• Blood Cultures: In the blood, bacterial culture identifies bacterial infection with Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumonia, as these bacteria can cause sepsis and meningitis.
• Blood Tests: Examining white and red blood cell counts assesses treatment efficacy during these tests.
• Chest X-rays: A chest X-ray is performed to identify the presence of pneumonia, tuberculosis, or fungal infections.
• Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: This method utilises a high-powered X-ray to create detailed images of the head, aiming to identify brain abscesses or increased intracranial pressure caused by the dissemination of meningococcal bacteria.

Treatment of Meningitis

Meningitis treatments vary based on the cause and severity of the infection, whether bacterial, viral, or fungal. Potential treatments may encompass:

• Antibiotics: These can be employed to treat bacterial pneumonia, but they are not effective in cases of viral pneumonia. Nevertheless, a doctor may prescribe them if there is a concurrent bacterial infection alongside a viral one.
• Antifungal Medications: Antifungal medicines are used to treat pneumonia if the pneumonia is due to a fungal infection.
• Antiviral Medications:Viral pneumonia is mostly not treated with medication and goes away on its own.
• Chronic Meningitis: Fungal infection or autoimmune issues like rheumatoid arthritis can be involved in chronic meningitis. This type of meningitis treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause initially.
• Oxygen Therapy It is prescribed when the patient faces difficulty breathing; the doctor gives oxygen therapy through a tube in the nose, as this can help a patient get enough oxygen.
• IV Fluids Fluids, when delivered directly to our veins, can help patients with dehydration.

Cataract is a common eye infection. Approximately 94 million individuals globally experience significant vision impairment caused by untreated cataracts. According to findings from the National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey conducted in India, cataracts are the leading factor behind blindness in individuals aged 50 and above.

These statistics highlight the potential harm of untreated cataracts, a prevalent eye issue. However, delving into ‘what is cataract’ and exploring its treatment becomes crucial. Let’s unravel all the details surrounding it.

What is a Cataract?

A cataract happens when the clear lens in your eye becomes cloudy, like trying to see through a foggy window. Cataracts can make engaging in activities like reading or driving at night challenging. Cataracts usually develop slowly and don’t cause problems initially, but can blur your vision over time. Adults mostly experience this condition. It would help if you consult an ophthalmologist for cataract treatment.

Symptoms of Cataract

The symptoms of cataracts are slow onset. The common signs are:

• Eyesight that seems cloudy, blurry, foggy, or filmy.
• Difficulty seeing things up close (for older individuals).
• Changes in how you perceive colours.
• Issues driving in the dark (such as glare from headlights).
• Difficulty with glare in daylight.
• Experiencing double vision in one eye.
• Problems with glasses or contacts do not help much.

Causes of Cataract

Let us now look at what causes cataract. As you age, developing cataracts is common. Some experts believe approximately half of individuals will develop a cataract by reaching 60. Here are some causes:

• Smoking
• Exposure to ultraviolet radiation
• Extended use of steroids and certain medications
• Certain illnesses like diabetes
• Physical injuries
• Radiation therapy

Types of Cataract

Outlined below are the various types of cataracts:

• Nuclear Cataracts: This cataract category develops at the centre of the lens and is the most prevalent type.
• Cortical Cataracts: These form on the outer part of your lens, known as the cortex. They begin as white wedge-shaped patterns, resembling triangles that point towards the centre of your eye. As they enlarge, they disperse light.

• Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts: Posterior subcapsular cataracts are a specific type of cataract that develops at the back of the lens capsule, which is the outer covering of the eye’s lens.

• Congenital Cataracts: Cataracts that are present at or shortly after birth, known as congenital cataracts, occur in only 2 out of every 10,000 births. If cataracts in babies are small or located away from the centre of the lens, they might not require treatment.

• Traumatic Cataracts: Various types of injuries can cause cataracts. A blow to the eye from a ball or injuries from burns, chemicals, or splinters can result in the development of a cataract.
• Radiation Cataract: Cataracts can develop due to radiation therapy used to treat cancer.
• Secondary Cataracts: Cataracts that occur due to diseases or medications are called secondary cataracts.

Risk Factors Associated With Cataract

The risk factors associated with cataracts:

• Ageing
• Alcohol
• Excessive smoking
• Obese tendency
• Hypertension
• Any history of eye injuries
• Anyone in the family has cataracts
• Excessive sun exposure

Diagnosis of Cataract

It is essential to get the cataracts diagnosed at the right time. The doctor performs several tests to detect if it’s a cataract or some other eye condition, the types of the cataracts, and more.

Firstly, your doctor can perform a visual acuity test, assessing your vision clarity by instructing you to read letters at a distance, initially with one eye and then the other. Additionally, they may conduct a glare test and perform a slit lamp test.

The medical professional utilises a specialised microscope with bright light during this process. They inspect the cornea, the transparent outer layer, the iris, and the lens behind it. The lens plays a crucial role in bending light as it enters your eye. They may also conduct a retinal examination.

Treatment of Cataract

Typically, cataract treatment involves surgery, although it may require some time. Early detection of the issue allows temporary vision improvement with new glasses prescription featuring a stronger lens. Using a brighter lamp or magnifying glass can address reading difficulties. Special glasses with anti-glare coating can be beneficial for concerns about glare, especially during night driving. It is crucial to monitor how cataracts affect your vision. If they start to impede daily activities, particularly making driving unsafe, it is advisable to consult your doctor about the possibility of surgery.

How Can Cataracts Be Prevented?

You can take some preventive steps to keep this disease at bay:

• Avoid smoking.
• Regularly get your eyes checked.
• Develop a habit of wearing sunglasses.
• Include antioxidants in your diet through fruits and vegetables.
• Ensure that you maintain a healthy diet.
• Manage diabetes and other health conditions effectively.
• Ensure proper hydration for overall eye health.
• Control elevated blood pressure by implementing lifestyle modifications and, if needed, medication.

Dengue is a highly lethal disease with global implications, impacting individuals across the world. Its prevalence in India and escalating incidence rates raise significant public health concerns. A collective effort is imperative for individuals and communities to comprehensively grasp dengue fever’s various facets. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, known for their aggressive biting tendencies, are the primary carriers responsible for its transmission. A confluence of factors, including urbanisation, travel, and climate change, facilitates the swift dissemination of dengue. Now, let’s delve into the intricacies of dengue for a more in-depth understanding.

What is Dengue?

Dengue fever, pronounced ‘DENgee,’ is a debilitating and agonising illness transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue is caused by any of the four closely linked dengue viruses, and these agents are connected to the ones accountable for yellow fever and West Nile infection. Globally, an estimated 400 million cases of dengue fever are reported annually, with around 96 million resulting in illness. Most instances occur in tropical regions, with the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Southern China, Taiwan, the Pacific Islands, Mexico, and Africa facing the highest risk.

The transmission of dengue illness occurs through the bite of an Aedes mosquito carrying the dengue virus. It becomes infected when this mosquito bites a person whose blood contains the dengue virus. The virus cannot be transmitted directly from one individual to another.

Symptoms of Dengue

The indicators of dengue typically manifest within the initial one or two days of infection. Some of the dengue symptoms include:

• Sudden high fever
• Severe headaches
• Pain behind the eyes
• Severe stomach pain
• Painful joint and muscle pain
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Continuous vomiting
• Skin rash emerging between two to five days after the fever begins
• Bleeding from the gums or nose
• Subcutaneous bleeding resembling bruising
• Laboured or rapid breathing
• Blood in urine, stool, or vomit

Sometimes, dengue fever symptoms may be mild, resembling the flu or another viral infection. Younger individuals and those experiencing the disease for the first time often exhibit milder cases than older children and adults. Nevertheless, severe complications can arise, including dengue haemorrhagic fever, an unusual condition marked by elevated body temperature, harm to lymph and blood vessels, bleeding from the nose and gums, enlargement of the liver, and a breakdown of the circulatory system. These symptoms may progress to severe bleeding, shock, and potential fatality, known as dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Prompt recognition of these signs is crucial for timely medical intervention, mitigating the disease’s severity and averting dire consequences.

Diagnosis of Dengue

Given the similarity of early symptoms to other febrile illnesses, a precise diagnosis requires laboratory tests. The most common method involves detecting the virus’s genetic material or specific antibodies in the patient’s blood. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are pivotal in confirming dengue infections.

Treatment of Dengue

No specific antiviral exists for dengue fever treatment; management primarily focuses on supportive care. Patients are advised to stay hydrated to counteract the fluid loss associated with fever and potential bleeding.

Pain relievers such as acetaminophen are recommended for dengue treatment over non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate symptoms without increasing the risk of bleeding.

Avoid medicines with aspirin, which could worsen bleeding. In severe cases where complications like dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome arise, hospitalisation becomes essential.

How can Dengue be Prevented?

Preventing bites from infected mosquitoes is the most effective method to ward off the disease. This involves personal protection measures and initiatives to control mosquito populations.

To safeguard oneself:

• Apply mosquito repellents, even indoors.
• Wear long sleeves and pants, and tuck pants into socks when outdoors.
• Utilise air conditioning when indoors, if possible.
• Ensure secure, hole-free window and door screens. In unscreened or non-air-conditioned sleeping areas, use mosquito nets.
• Consult a healthcare professional if you observe symptoms of dengue.

Conclusion

This comprehensive blog equips readers with vital information on dengue, encompassing its causes, symptoms, prevention, and healthcare measures. Understanding the significance of early detection and adopting preventive strategies is crucial in mitigating the impact of this widespread disease. As dengue remains a global health concern, the knowledge shared here is a valuable tool for individuals to protect themselves and their communities. Having adequate health insurance coverage becomes essential, as it provides financial protection during dengue treatment and hospitalization. By staying informed and proactive, one can contribute to the collective effort to manage dengue effectively, emphasising the importance of public health awareness and individual responsibility in this challenging health issue.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

The gallbladder in your body is typically a pear-shaped organ located right below your liver. It stores bile, a digestive fluid made by your liver to help break down fats. Your gallbladder has three main layers of tissue, namely, an inner mucosa, a middle layer of smooth muscle called the muscularis, and an outer layer called the serosa. Nowadays, the incidence of gallbladder cancer is on the rise. In this blog, we will discuss all the important details that you should know about gallbladder cancer.

What is Gallbladder Cancer?

This type of cancer germinates when normal cells in your gallbladder begin to multiply uncontrollably, leading to the emergence of a tumour. This tumour's growth can take two paths: a malignant tumour that can infiltrate surrounding areas of your body or a benign tumour that grows but stays confined in a particular part of your gallbladder without spreading further. Note that irrespective of the type of gallbladder cancer, it starts in the inner layer of your gallbladder and then spreads outward as it grows.

Causes of Gallbladder Cancer

The question of what causes gallbladder cancer still remains a mystery among scientists. While the exact causes of most cases are still unclear, certain recognisable factors have been identified as potential risks.

Remember, different types of gallbladder cancer are tied to different risk factors. Having one or even a few of these factors doesn't necessarily mean you'll definitely get that type of cancer. They simply act as potential signs that might make you more vulnerable.

Risk Factors Associated with Gallbladder Cancer

The following are some of the most common risk factors associated with gallbladder cancer -

1. Gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder, scientifically referred to as cholecystitis, are the most prominent risk factors for gallbladder cancer. Gallstones, resembling solid pebbles, form within your gallbladder, primarily composed of cholesterol and other substances present in bile. If you have a history of gallbladder conditions, especially gallstones, your risk of cancer is approximately five times higher compared to those without such conditions. Most cases involving inflamed gallbladders or gallstones do not progress to cancer.
2. As you age, your risk of developing gallbladder cancer increases, particularly if your age range falls between 85 and 89.
3. If you have a family history of gallbladder cancer, your risk of developing the condition is multiplied by five compared to those without such a familial background. However, due to the rarity of the cancer type, the increased risk associated with a family predisposition remains relatively minor.
4. Gallbladder cancer happens to be more prevalent among females than males, with 71% of diagnosed cases occurring in women. This gender difference is a notable characteristic of the disease.
5. Ionising radiation used in medical scans like X-rays and CT scans increases your risk of cancer.
6. If you have diabetes or a history of heavy alcohol consumption, your risk of gallbladder cancer is elevated. Note that these factors are not direct factors of what cause gallbladder cancer, but they can adversely aggravate your condition.
7. If you smoke, your risk of cancer is heightened, and being overweight or obese also increases your susceptibility to this type of cancer. Excess weight induces hormonal changes, particularly in women, potentially explaining the heightened risk.
8. Porcelain gallbladder, a consequence of persistent inflammation leading to calcium buildup on the inner wall of your gallbladder, is linked to an increased risk of gallbladder cancer. If you frequently experience inflamed gallbladders, you may be at risk of developing this type of cancer, and thus your doctor might recommend surgical removal of your gallbladder.

Symptoms of Gallbladder Cancer

The following are some of the commonly known symptoms of gallbladder cancer.

In the early stages of cancer, you might not experience any symptoms. As the cancer advances, symptoms tend to appear later. Some of them are -

• You might experience nausea and vomiting.
• Watch out for signs of jaundice, like yellowing of your skin and eyes, itching, dark urine, and pale stools, as it could be caused by blocked bile flow.
• You may start feeling discomfort on your right side, almost like a dragging sensation.
• Enlargement of your gallbladder due to blocked bile ducts might be noticeable during a physical exam or ultrasound.
• If cancer or gallstones block your bile ducts, the pain could become more intense.

Less common symptoms you could experience include

• swelling in your abdomen,
• loss of appetite,
• unexplained weight loss.

The liver is one of the largest organs of your body. It is situated in the upper right part of your abdomen and sheltered by your rib cage. Made up of two lobes, the liver's crucial functions involve creating bile to aid in breaking down dietary fats, storing glycogen as an essential energy reserve, and purifying harmful substances from your bloodstream, which are then expelled through your waste and urine. A critical ailment like liver cancer can adversely affect these operations by damaging the liver cells and disturbing their normal functioning. A staggering 905,677 instances of liver cancer were identified worldwide in 2020, ranking it as the third primary cause of cancer-related fatalities on a global level. Given the high risk it is only imperative to be well aware of what is liver cancer, what are the symptoms of liver cancer and how it is diagnosed and treated.

In this blog, we will discuss all the necessary information that you should know about liver cancer.

What is Liver Cancer?

Cancer is generally a condition characterised by cells growing uncontrollably; such cells that develop in your liver cause liver cancer. Your liver may get affected by cancer that either starts within it or comes from other parts of your body, eventually spreading to the liver. The majority of such cancer instances are secondary or metastatic, indicating that they actually begin somewhere else in your body. Your liver is made up of various types of cells, which can result in different types of tumours. These tumours can include both benign growth (non-cancerous) and malignant forms (spreads across your body).

Types of Liver Cancer

There are four primary types of liver cancer that can affect different parts of your liver simultaneously. Given below are the classification of different categorisation of liver cancer.

Hepatic angiosarcoma, an uncommon and aggressive form of malignancy, originates within the blood vessels of your liver. Hepatoblastoma, a rare form of liver cancer tends to primarily target infants and young children. The cells of this cancer closely resemble fetal liver cells and tend to cluster together, forming a sizable and distressing mass within your liver. In certain situations, this cancer could lead to the release of hormones that trigger premature puberty. Another primary liver cancer type is cholangiocarcinoma, commonly known as bile duct cancer. This rare and aggressive malignancy originates in the slender tubes responsible for carrying bile from your liver and gallbladder to your small intestine. The most widespread form of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma, which emerges within your liver tissues and predominantly impacts those dealing with chronic liver conditions such as cirrhosis, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C.

Symptoms of Liver Cancer

By knowing what are the symptoms of liver cancer, you can ensure timely diagnosis and treatment. The following are some of the most common symptoms of liver cancer –

• Unexplained weight loss
• Abdominal pain or tenderness
• Jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes)
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue
• Swelling in abdomen
• Nausea and vomiting
• White, chalky stools
• Fever and chills
• Enlarged liver
• Itchy skin
• Pale-coloured stools
• Back pain
• Dark urine
• Ascites (fluid buildup in the abdomen)
• Weakness
• Vomiting blood
• Confusion or disorientation
• Early satiety
• Elevated liver enzymes

Risk Factors Associated with Liver Cancer

The following are some of the risk factors that can trigger cancer in your liver.

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), shows a clear gender difference. It is more prevalent among men. This is largely due to behavioural patterns affecting specific risk factors. Notably, the fibrolamellar subtype of HCC is more frequently found in women.
• If you smoke, are obese, or have type 2 diabetes, your risk of cancer is also elevated. Inherited metabolic disorders, exposure to carcinogenic substances called aflatoxins (produced by fungi contaminating certain foods), and contact with chemicals like vinyl chloride or thorotrast can similarly increase your risk of cancer.
• The risk of liver cancer is further heightened by cirrhosis, a condition marked by liver cell damage and scar tissue formation.
• Certain autoimmune diseases, namely primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), contribute to cirrhosis by damaging bile ducts, increasing the risk of liver cancer.
• Hereditary hemochromatosis, a condition involving excessive iron absorption, can lead to cirrhosis and, subsequently, the development of cancer.

Anabolic steroids typically used by athletes to increase muscle mass can also raise the risk of cancer.

Oesophageal cancer is a cell malignancy arising in the oesophagus, the tubular organ that runs from the throat to the stomach of your body. It is the sixth most frequent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Hence, it is of major concern and a global health challenge. Oesophageal cancer develops slowly and thus takes several years for the symptoms to appear but once it starts to manifest, the condition may progress rapidly. It is observed more in men than women.

What is Oesophageal Cancer?

Cancer of the oesophagus develops when the cells that line the inner portion of the food pipe start to multiply in an uncontrolled way causing tumours. These cancer cells can occur anywhere in the oesophagus and can invade more regions of the gullet, as the condition progresses. Two types of oesophageal cancer are identified depending on the type of tissue where the malignancy starts -

• Adenocarcinoma: Adenocarcinoma arises from the tissue that produces mucus. It often affects the lower portion of the oesophagus.
• Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of oesophageal cancer forms in the squamous cells that line the interior of the food pipe. It can occur anywhere along the oesophagus but most commonly it is found to start in the upper and middle part of the gullet.

Symptoms of Oesophageal Cancer

The most common oesophagus symptoms of cancer are:

• Dysphagia- difficulty in swallowing down the food
• Heartburn or acid reflux that persists
• Indigestion that doesn’t go away
• Loss of appetite
• Feeling lethargic or fatigued
• Unexplained weight loss
• Pain in throat and hoarseness in voice
• Persistent cough
• Pain behind the breastbone

Block stool and coughing up blood are the rare symptoms associated with cancer of the oesophagus.

Risk Factors Associated with Oesophageal Cancer

There is a wide range of risk factors that increase the probability of developing oesophageal cancer in a person. Smoking and the use of smokeless tobacco pose a risk of developing oesophageal cancer. Chronic and heavy alcohol drinking is also found to elevate the risk of oesophageal cancer. Furthermore, having an unhealthy body weight may cause inflammation in the food pipe, which can later lead to cancer. Chronic untreated acid reflux disease can also lead to changes in the cells lining the lower part of the food pipe. This increases the chances of these cells becoming cancerous. It is important to note that Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection can bring about changes in the tissue in the vocal cord and mouth. This alteration in the cells may also lead to the development of cancer. Individuals who have had cancer in the neck or head are at risk of developing oesophageal cancer. Cancer of the oesophagus is also linked to rare diseases like achalasia and tylosis.

How is Oesophageal Cancer Diagnosed?

After inquiring about the symptoms and medical history of an individual, the doctor will recommend tests to diagnose the condition. One of them is the barium swallow test. In this special imaging test, barium and X-rays are used to produce images of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The patient needs to drink a liquid containing barium and then the healthcare provider will conduct the X-ray test.

CT(Computed Tomography) scan is one of the most commonly suggested processes for cancer.  A CT scan helps locate the position of the cancer in the oesophagus. It also looks at the chest, abdomen and pelvis to check whether the malignant cells have invaded these areas. For oesophageal cancer Gastroscopy/ Oesophago gastric duodenoscopy(OGD) is also suggested. It is an endoscopy test that uses a long flexible tube called an endoscope fitted with a tiny camera to get a picture of the inside of the oesophagus. This looks for abnormal areas or growths.

Alternatively, Endoscopic Ultrasound(EUS) can also be done. An endoscopic ultrasound scan combines ultrasound and endoscopy to investigate the inside of the food pipe. This can help the doctor find out the size of the tumour and check whether the cancerous cells have spread to other parts. Lastly, for identifying cancer, the biopsy is considered one of the most appropriate modes of diagnosis. The biopsy is the microscopic examination of the cells taken from the food pipe during an endoscopy.

When cells are unable to control their growth, cancer can start and spread throughout the body. Uncontrollably growing Merkel cells in the skin lead to the development of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare kind of skin cancer. Treatment becomes challenging when MCC spreads outside the skin due to its rapid development.

What is Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Merkel Cell Carcinoma is an unusual and lethal form of skin cancer. It starts when the touch-sensitive Merkel cells in the skin begin to increase uncontrolled. Particularly worrisome about MCC are its quick growth and ability to spread to other body areas. Usually affecting older people, it is frequently brought on by overexposure to the sun and a compromised immune system.

Risk Factors

The following are some factors that could raise your risk of Merkel cell cancer.

1. Excessive Sun Exposure:

   • Prolonged sun or tanning bed exposure heightens Merkel cell cancer risk, often appearing on sun-exposed skin. Sun protection and shade become vital.

2. Weakened Immune System:

   • Conditions like HIV or immune-suppressing drugs elevate MCC risk. A robust immune system is a defence against this aggressive skin cancer.

3. History of Skin Cancers:

   • Prior skin cancer diagnoses amplify MCC vulnerability, highlighting the need for regular skin checks.

4. Age Factor:

   • MCC risk increases with age, especially after 50. Vigilance in spotting skin changes is crucial.

5. Light Skin:

   • Fair-skinned individuals face a higher MCC risk; sun protection is critical, as early detection is vital for effective management.

Tips To Prevent

To prevent Merkel Cell Carcinoma, follow the below-mentioned tips-

1. Time Your Activities:

   • Stay out of the sun during the most vital part of the day, which is between 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
   • Choose an earlier or later time of day to engage in outdoor activities.

2. Protect Skin and Eyes:

   • Wear tightly woven clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses that block UV rays

3. Apply Sunscreen:

   • Even on cloudy days, apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher.
   • Use significant amounts and reapply every two hours, particularly if you are sweating or swimming.

4. Monitor Changes:

   • If a mole, freckle, or bump changes in size, shape, or colour, consult your doctor. Early detection increases treatment success.

Conclusion

In conclusion, protecting yourself from Merkel cell skin cancer is a matter of simple yet essential steps. You can significantly reduce your risk by avoiding the sun's peak hours, protecting your skin and eyes, wearing sunscreen religiously, and keeping an eye out for any changes to your skin. The importance of proactive maintenance and sun-safe measures in maintaining the health of your skin is emphasised by the fact that early detection is still crucial to successful treatment. By covering sun protection supplies or treatments for early signs of skin damage, health insurance supports proactive measures against Merkel cell skin cancer.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Also Read

• Hidden Health Risks: Surprising Carcinogenic Foods You Need to Know About
• Can Sugar Cause Cancer?
• Brain Cancer Treatment: Options & Insights
• Coverage for Cancer Treatment in Health Insurance
• What is Cancer Insurance Waiting Period?

Hyperthyroidism is the condition which occurs when the thyroid gland starts making and secreting too much thyroid hormone which results in a condition called an overactive thyroid that boosts up your metabolism in the body. The early diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism can help the patient get some relief from their symptoms and can prevent severe complications. In some cases, several health conditions can lead to hyperthyroidism, most commonly caused by Graves’ disease.  The hyperactive condition of the thyroid gland more commonly occurs in women than men between the ages of 20 to 40 years.

What is Hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism conditions occur when the thyroid which is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck produces more amount of thyroid hormone. This gland is responsible for the body’s metabolism and controls the way the body uses energy. This hormone can affect nearly every organ in your body and control many bodily functions. For example, it affects your breathing, heart rate, weight, digestion, and moods and if it is not treated then hyperthyroidism can cause serious problems with your heart, bones, and muscles, So, it is always advisable to seek medical help when diagnosed with the condition of hyperthyroidism.

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism

There is a wide range of hyperthyroidism symptoms that can impact your entire body. The major ones are:

• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Unintentional Weight loss
• Nervousness, anxiety and irritability
• Increased appetite in the younger generation
• Diarrhoea and more frequent bowel movements
• Blurry vision
• Shaky hands and tremors sometimes
• Impaired muscles that result in weakness in the body
• Urge to pee more frequently
• Persistent thirst
• Loss of interest in sex
• Women can notice some menstrual changes monthly
• Trouble tolerating those results in excessive sweating in the body
• A person experiences sleep issue
• Hair loss and change in hair texture
• Bulging of the eyes that can be seen with Graves disease
• Mood swings
• A person may experience a condition; Goiter in which the thyroid gland gets enlarged which may cause the neck to look swollen. The symptoms may vary based on the age of a person as it is noticed that older people start losing their appetite and feel disconnected from society

Causes of Hyperthyroidism

Discussed below are some of the major hyperthyroidism causes:

• Graves’s disease: It is an autoimmune disorder in which your immune system attacks your thyroid which makes your thyroid create too much thyroid hormone. Graves’ disease is a hereditary condition that can pass down in the family if any member of your family has this disease, then there are more chances that others in the family could have it, too. This disease is more commonly reported in females at birth than in males. Graves’s disease is known to be the major cause of hyperthyroidism which makes up to 85% of cases.
• Thyroid nodules: If any sort of nodule or lumps of cell growth is seen in the thyroid gland then it is said to be thyroid nodule which is rarely cancerous.
• Thyroiditis: It is the inflammation of your thyroid gland which is mostly painless and may appear post-delivering a baby in women, a condition known as postpartum thyroiditis. If in case your thyroid has not recovered then it may lead to hypothyroidism.
• Consuming excess iodine: Excessive intake of iodine in your body increases the risk for hyperthyroidism that activates your thyroid gland and more thyroid hormone is produced in your body. Some sort of treatment and medication can also increase the chances of hyperthyroidism. If in case a patient is receiving intravenous iodinated contrast (iodine “dye”) then he may be at risk of getting hyperthyroidism. The medicine name, Amiodarone contains a high amount of iodine that may also cause hyperthyroidism. Other medicines that may cause hyperthyroidism are cough syrups, seaweed and seaweed-based supplements.
• Too much thyroid medicine: If a person is taking too much of medicines to treat hypothyroidism (underactive hypothyroidism) can also be affected.

Hey there! Ready to explore the world of hypothyroidism with us? Buckle up as we take a relaxed yet informative journey through the realm of underactive thyroids. If you've ever wondered why your energy levels hit snooze or your metabolism is playing hard to get, we've got the lowdown on hypothyroidism. This condition might just be the culprit. This sneaky condition messes with your thyroid gland, making it slack off, and producing enough thyroid hormones. Stick around to uncover the symptoms, causes, and treatment options, all while keeping it light and breezy.

What is Hypothyroidism?

Ever wondered about that little gland in your neck that seems to have a say in how you feel and function? Well, that's your thyroid. Do you know what is hypothyroidism? Alright, when your thyroid decides to take a bit of a nap on the job, we call it hypothyroidism. We use this fancy term as a way of saying that your thyroid gland isn't producing enough thyroid hormones to keep things running smoothly. These hormones are like the conductors of a symphony, directing everything from your metabolism to your mood. It's like the orchestra losing its rhythm when they're in short supply.

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism, that tricky condition where your thyroid decides to take a snooze, doesn't just play it subtly. It brings a whole bouquet of hypothyroidism symptoms that might have you wondering what's going on. Here is the lowdown on what to watch out for:

• Fatigue: Ever feel like you are lugging around a bag of bricks? Hypothyroidism might be the culprit, draining your energy like a leaky faucet.
• Weight Gain: Suddenly, your jeans seem to be having a shrinking spell. Your metabolism slowing down can cause uninvited pounds to settle in.
• Feeling Chilly: Winter might be over, but you're still wrapped in layers. Hypothyroidism can leave you cold when everyone else is soaking up the warmth.
• Dry Everything: Your hair turns into a straw-like mess, your skin is dried, and your sense of humour? Well, that might be feeling a bit dry too.
• Mood Swings: If your emotions go on a rollercoaster ride without your consent, the thyroid might play puppeteer with your mood strings.
• Brain Fog: It is like someone switched off the lights in your mental attic. Memory lapses and confusion become regular guests.
• Muscle Aches: Your muscles are throwing a protest party, leaving you with stiffness and discomfort.
• Slow Heartbeat: Your heart seems to have taken up slow dancing, beating to its leisurely rhythm.
• Voice Changes: Did someone steal your voice and replace it with a croak? That's hypothyroidism, making your vocal cords a bit hoarse.
• Swelling: Your face might be puffier than a marshmallow, and your joints? They're joining the party with stiffness and swelling.
• Constipation: Your digestive system's engine seems sputtering, causing frustrating constipation.

Causes of Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is like a puzzle; its pieces can be traced back to various factors that disrupt the thyroid's harmony. Let's uncover these pieces of hypothyroidism causes one by one:

• Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: This sneaky culprit is an autoimmune condition where your body's defence system decides to attack your thyroid gland. The result? Inflammation and damage leave your thyroid struggling to produce enough hormones.
• Radiation Therapy: Sometimes, treating other health issues, like certain cancers, requires zapping your neck area with radiation. Unfortunately, this can damage thyroid cells, hampering hormone production.
• Radioactive Iodine Treatment: This treatment is often used for an overactive thyroid. However, it can backfire and cause an underactive thyroid as the radiation intended to slow down the thyroid's activity might overshoot the mark.
• Medications: Some meds, like amiodarone for heart problems and certain cancer treatments, can be thyroid disruptors. They might interfere with hormone production, leading to hypothyroidism.
• Thyroid Surgery: If your thyroid is partially or completely removed due to a condition like thyroid cancer, hypothyroidism might knock on your door. Without your trusty thyroid, hormone production takes a hit.
• Iodine Deficiency: Iodine is like fuel for your thyroid, helping it produce hormones. Your thyroid might go on strike if your diet is low on iodine (a rare scenario in many developed countries).
• Pregnancy: Hormones during pregnancy go on a rollercoaster ride. Sometimes, this can lead to inflammation of the thyroid post-pregnancy, a condition known as postpartum thyroiditis.
• Congenital Thyroid Issues: Some babies are born with a thyroid that doesn’t function properly. It is congenital hypothyroidism, requiring early diagnosis and intervention to prevent complications.
• Pituitary or Hypothalamus Issues: These brain areas play directors to your thyroid, releasing hormones that tell it what to do. If these areas stumble, your thyroid's performance might hit a roadblock.
• Ageing: Like a car engine that loses a bit of its pep with time, your thyroid can also slow down as you age. It can lead to a decrease in hormone production.
• Autoimmune Disorders: Some autoimmune conditions like type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis can tag hypothyroidism as an unwanted plus-one.
• Genetics: If thyroid issues run in your family, you might be more likely to deal with hypothyroidism at some point.

The ongoing Monkeypox global situation has resulted in the unfortunate loss of 20 lives. Between May 13th, 2022 and September 19th of the same year, the world witnessed the registration of more than 62,000 instances of human monkeypox cases across 104 nations. Notably, 97 of these countries had no prior history of monkeypox outbreaks. This sudden spread of the Monkeypox virus has put the global health think tank to pause and ponder. Subsequently, there is a lot of discussion going around aspects like monkeypox symptoms, and monkeypox treatment. By knowing the relevant information about this condition, it is easy to spot the symptoms and get medical intervention whenever necessary.

What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox, also known as Mpox, is a zootonic disease. It is important to understand that zoonotic illnesses, also called zoonoses, emerge when pathogens are transferred between animals and humans.

This virus appears in two primary forms or clades: Clade I, which originates in Central Africa, and Clade II, emerging from West Africa. The ongoing worldwide outbreak spanning from 2022 to 2023 can be traced back to Clade IIb, a specific subtype within the milder West African clade.

Causes of Monkeypox

The Mpox virus is the primary cause of monkeypox. This virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus in the Poxviridae family. It is worth noting that encounters with Mpox are rare, making it an infrequent phenomenon. It is important to understand that this virus has the potential to affect anyone. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals, particularly rodents like squirrels and monkeys, or via consumption of their meat. Person-to-person transmission can occur through respiratory droplets, skin lesions, or close contact.

Symptoms of Monkeypox

The following are some of the commonly known monkeypox symptoms.

It is important to note that after you have been exposed to the virus, there's an average period of 1 to 2 weeks before symptoms become apparent. The initial monkeypox symptoms are quite similar to flu-like symptoms. If you have had close contact with someone with monkeypox, seeking medical help is recommended. You might experience chills, fatigue, fever, headache, muscle and back discomfort, and swollen lymph nodes.

Generally, the illness caused by monkeypox sticks around for about 2 to 4 weeks.

There may be a rash that might resemble pimples or blisters and might make you uncomfortable. It can pop up on different parts of your body, such as your face, mouth, hands, feet, chest, genitals, or anus. In severe cases, seeking emergency medical attention is crucial. This applies if you experience extremely stiff neck, chest pain, trouble speaking, passing, difficulty in moving, seizures or problems in breathing.

Potential Complications Associated with Monkeypox

By knowing what is monkeypox's potential complications, you can take adequate steps as soon as possible. You should be aware that potential complications associated with the Mpox condition typically include bronchopneumonia, sepsis, encephalitis (inflammation of brain tissue), corneal infection affecting the outer layer of your eye, and the risk of secondary infections.  During the recent monkeypox outbreak, 41% of individuals with HIV had the virus, raising worries about its persistence in HIV/AIDS patients.

How Does Monkeypox Spread?

Direct contact with the skin lesions, blood, or bodily fluids of an infected person puts you at risk of contracting the monkeypox virus. Monkeypox spreads primarily through rodents like dormice, striped mice, Gambian rats, and African rope squirrels. This virus can essentially affect anyone belonging to any age, gender, race, or sexual orientation. Be cautious about indirect transmission, like touching areas of an infected person's body such as the eyes, mouth, genitals, or items they've touched, like bedding or towels.

Close contact with bodily fluids or lesions of an infected animal is also a potential route. If an animal carries the virus, it can be transmitted to you through actions like scratching, licking, or biting. When you consume the meat of an infected animal, it can result in virus transmission to you.

Activities as personal as sexual contact can also lead to the virus transferring. If you are pregnant and infected, there's a risk of passing the virus to your developing foetus. In some cases, the virus can enter your system through infected respiratory droplets released when someone coughs or sneezes. This means you could contract the virus without direct physical contact.

Hey there, let us dive into the world of myositis! It is a condition that messes with your muscles, causing inflammation and discomfort. We will break down what is myositis, from the reasons behind it to how to deal with it.

What is Myositis?

Imagine your immune system gets a little mixed up and starts attacking your muscles. That is myositis meaning for you! Simply put, it is like your body's defence team turning on itself, causing chronic inflammation in your muscles. The result? Weakness, pain, and a not-so-pleasant feeling overall. Myositis is a type of myopathy.

Causes of Myositis

Alright, let us dig deeper into the root myositis causes. This condition is like a puzzle with various pieces, each contributing to the inflammation and discomfort in your muscles.

Autoimmune conditions play a significant role in sparking myositis. Think of your immune system as an overenthusiastic friend who can't tell friends from foes. Conditions like dermatomyositis and polymyositis are examples of your immune system going rogue, attacking your muscles. It is like your body's defence mechanism turns into a misdirected missile.

Viruses and bacteria can be party crashers regarding myositis. Some viruses like the common cold, flu, or even HIV, can directly invade your muscle tissue or release substances that cause muscle damage. It is like they are throwing a wild dance party, and your muscles are caught in the crossfire. Bacterial infections, though less common, can also lead to myositis.

Believe it or not, some medications can be troublemakers for your muscles. Certain drugs, such as alpha-interferon, alcohol, cocaine, and statins, have been linked to muscle damage. It might not cause full-blown inflammation, but it sure stirs up some discomfort. These meds are prying on your muscles, leaving them in a mess.

Even your love for exercise can sometimes contribute to muscle discomfort. Vigorous workouts can lead to temporary muscle pain, swelling, and weakness. It's like your muscles send out an SOS after a tough workout. But fret not; rest and recovery usually do the trick to get them back in action.

Rhabdomyolysis Drama is like fast and furious muscle breakdowns. Rhabdomyolysis occurs when your muscles break down at an accelerated rate. It can be due to various reasons, including severe physical exertion or certain medical conditions. The result? Muscle pain, weakness, and urine that might turn dark brown or red. It's like a dramatic episode in the muscle world.

Symptoms of Myositis            

When it comes to myositis symptoms, your body might send out some unmistakable signs that something is amiss. Muscle weakness takes centre stage, making everyday tasks more challenging. Imagine feeling like your muscles are playing a disappearing act, leaving you struggling to lift, grip, or even stand up. This weakness often develops gradually over weeks or months, primarily affecting larger muscle groups like your neck, shoulders, hips, and back.

But that is not all – the inflammation party comes with other uninvited guests. You might find yourself dealing with muscle pain, a sensation of ache that just won't quit. It is like being constantly reminded that your muscles are in a bit of a tiff with inflammation. Sometimes, this pain might be absent, leaving the weakness as the main performer.

And if your immune system's overzealous attack extends to your skin, a rash might appear grand. Fatigue might sneak into the picture, making you feel like your energy levels are running low. Thickened skin on your hands, difficulties swallowing, or even breathing troubles could join the ensemble of symptoms.

For those whose myositis is triggered by an infection, the party might start with classic viral symptoms like a cough, fever, runny nose, or sore throat. Interestingly, these viral myositis symptoms might vanish days or weeks before the myositis-related discomfort kicks in. It's like your body is playing a game of musical chairs with symptoms.

Diagnosis of Myositis

Diagnosing myositis disease involves a comprehensive approach to understanding the underlying myositis causes and manifestations. Doctors typically consider a person's medical history, physical examinations, and laboratory tests to reach an accurate diagnosis. They also elevated levels of muscle enzymes, such as creatine kinase. Using blood tests doctors can indicate muscle inflammation. Additionally, specific antibodies may be identified through blood tests, aiding in pinpointing potential autoimmune conditions.

Advanced imaging techniques like MRI scans provide detailed images of muscles, helping to identify regions of myositis and any changes occurring over time. Electromyography (EMG) involves the insertion of needle electrodes into muscles to assess their response to electrical nerve signals, helping to detect muscle weaknesses or damage attributed to myositis.

For definitive diagnosis, doctors often perform a muscle biopsy. This procedure for myositis involves extracting a small sample of muscle tissue from a weakened muscle, which is then analysed to confirm the presence of myositis and determine its specific type. This biopsy is considered the most accurate diagnostic tool for myositis

Due to the overlap of symptoms with various other conditions causing muscle weakness and pain, diagnosing myositis may require time and thorough evaluation. The multifaceted diagnostic process ensures that the underlying cause of muscle inflammation and weakness is accurately identified, allowing for appropriate treatment strategies to be initiated.

Pancreatitis is a medical condition mainly related to inflammation of the pancreas. This condition needs greater awareness.

In this blog, we will understand what is pancreatitis and what the pancreatitis symptoms are. We will also explore pancreatitis causes, its types and diagnosis. We will then look at the pancreatitis treatment options available.

What is Pancreatitis?

Pancreatitis is a medical condition associated with the inflammation of the pancreas. The gland pancreas is a large, flat gland situated right behind the stomach and close to the small intestine. It performs two main functions – one, it secretes a digestive enzyme in the small intestine so that we are able to digest the food we eat. Two, it releases insulin and glucagon in the body which are responsible for controlling how the body will use food for obtaining energy. The pancreas can be damaged when it releases digestive enzymes earlier than required.

What are the Types of Pancreatitis?

There are two types of pancreatitis - Acute Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is associated with sudden inflammation which lasts for a short period of time. Its severity might range from uneasiness to a serious illness. Patients with acute pancreatitis when given the right treatment recover completely. In case of extreme pancreatitis bleeding, cysts, infections, and tissue damage can be noticed. In some severe cases, it might cause damage to the heart, lungs, and kidneys.

Chronic pancreatitis is characterised by inflammation that usually lasts for a longer period. It develops after the patient has had acute pancreatitis. Another reason cited for the development of chronic pancreatitis is alcohol consumption. You might not notice the harm that frequent alcohol consumption has on the pancreas for a long time but then suddenly suffer from an episode of chronic pancreatitis.

Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatitis

Let us now understand the symptoms of pancreatitis. We will understand acute pancreatitis symptoms and chronic pancreatitis symptoms separately.

So, here are the symptoms of pancreas problems:

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis

• Fever
• Increased heart rate
• A feeling of nausea and vomiting
• Discomfort in the upper abdominal region that might have an impact on the back. Moreover, the consumption of foods that are rich in fat might cause your condition to worsen.

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis

• Persistent pain in the upper part of the abdomen that goes to the back, leads to some impairment.
• Diarrhea and weight loss because the pancreas is not able to release adequate enzymes in order to break food particles.
• Disturbed stomach and episodes of vomiting.

Causes of Pancreatitis

Let us now understand pancreatitis causes.

Causes for acute pancreatitis include:

• Autoimmune condition
• Alcohol consumption
• Infections
• Gallstones
• Medicines
• Metabolic disorder
• Surgery
• Trauma

Moreover, in around 15% of people, the cause behind acute pancreatitis is unknown.

Causes for chronic pancreatitis are listed below:

• Cystic fibrosis
• Family history of pancreas disorder
• Presence of gallstones
• Elevated triglyceride levels
• Frequent alcohol consumption
• Different medications

The cause of chronic pancreatitis is unknown in about 20-30% of the patients. People who suffer from chronic pancreatitis are mostly men in the age group of 30 to 40.  Moreover, African Americans are more prone to develop chronic pancreatitis than any other racial group in the U.S.

Complications Associated with Pancreatitis

Some of the major complications that may arise due to pancreatitis are -

• Development of pancreatitis due to damage to insulin-producing cells.
• Kidney failure
• Pancreatic infection
• Malnutrition is caused in the body when it fails to get enough nutrients from the food because of less production of digestive enzymes.
• Development of pancreatic cancer
• Pancreatic necrosis is when the tissues in the pancreas die due to less supply of blood in the pancreas.
• Respiratory issues because of chemical alterations in the body which affect the lungs also.

Pseudocysts are when there is a collection of fluids in the pockets of the pancreas which can sometimes burst and cause infection.

Parkinson’s disease is a brain disorder that affects the nervous system and causes unintended or uncontrollable movements controlled by the nerves. The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease start slowly, and include shaking, stiffness in the body, and difficulty in balance and coordination that goes unnoticeable sometimes but progresses over time; it causes stiffness and slowdown movement Although it has been reported till now that Parkinson's disease cannot be cured and some medications might significantly improve our symptoms.

What is Parkinson’s Disease?

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder in which a person’s nervous system is affected. A smooth and coordinated bodily muscle movement in our body is due to the release of dopamine in our brain which is produced by the part of the brain called “substantia nigra.” In Parkinson’s disease, substantia nigra cells die which reduces the dopamine level in the brain and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease start appearing. Some research studies are of the opinion that this disease affects more men than women but the reason is still unclear to understand factors that may increase a person’s risk. This disease is age-dependent and occurs mostly after 60 years or so.

Causes of Parkinson’s Disease

Now that you know what is Parkinson’s disease, let us now discuss what causes Parkinson’s disease. It is interesting to note that the exact cause of Parkinson’s is unknown but it is still believed that it may be due to both genetic and environmental components. It has been studied those low levels of dopamine and the norepinephrine hormone that regulates dopamine, have been linked with Parkinson’s disease. Abnormal proteins called Lewy bodies have reportedly been found in the brains of people with Parkinson’s disease. While there is no definite list, Parkinson’s disease is caused by a range of factors. So, based on the research some other factors that may cause this disease are:

• Sex: Men are more likely to develop to develop Parkinson’s than women.
• Race: According to research, there is a higher prevalence of Parkinson’s in white people compared with Black or Asian people due to geographical location.
• Age: Parkinson’s usually appears among people with age between 50 and 60 years.
• Family history: People are more likely to develop Parkinson’s disease if they have any family history with the case of Parkinson’s disease
• Toxins: Continuous exposure to certain toxins might increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease in some people with low immune systems.
• Head injury: People who experience severe head injuries are more prone to develop Parkinson’s disease due to changes in dopamine in the brain cells.

• Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: Experts believe idiopathic Parkinson’s disease happens because of changes in shape that might be due to protein misfolding in the sub-unit called α-synuclein

With every passing year, researchers are still looking for the exact cause of Parkinson’s disease.

Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

Some of the early symptoms of Parkinson’s that may begin several years before motor problems develop are tremor that occurs at rest, slow movements, stiffness of arms, legs, and trunk problems with balance and a tendency to fall. Other symptoms are decreased ability to smell, cramped handwriting, changes in voice, stooped posture, blank facial expression, and low-volume speech.  

The symptoms of Parkinson's Other symptoms are Parkinsonian gait which is a condition to take shuffling steps while walking. Early symptoms of this disease are subtle and occur gradually in the patient. Some people may feel mild tremors or may feel difficulty getting out of a chair. One may notice that the patient starts speaking too softly, their handwriting is slow and looks small. Friends or family members may be the first person to notice changes in a person’s face with lack of expression and they might notice that a person does not move an arm or leg normally.

Symptoms often begin to appear on one side of the body in which the movement from one limb or one side of the body slows down and it eventually affects both sides with the progression of the disease.

Some people with Parkinson’s disease may experience changes in their cognitive function which means problems with memory, maintaining focus and attention, and the ability to plan and accomplish tasks are increasing along with stress and depression.

Over time, as the disease progresses, some people may develop which is Parkinson’s dementia because of that the person experiences loss of memory and thinking problems

Other associated symptoms may include flaky white or yellow scales known as seborrheic dermatitis, increased risk of melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer, sleep disturbances including vivid dreams, talking, and movement during sleep also adds up to the symptoms of  Parkinson’s disease.

Pneumonia is a lung infection that is usually caused by a virus or bacteria that makes the air sacs in the lungs fill with fluid, pus or mucous which blocks the air passage. The blockage makes it hard to breathe and results in coughing that can range from mild to severe and we might need a medical emergency if the breathing problem increases.

In this blog, we will define pneumonia, discuss the various pneumonia symptoms, its causes, treatment and other important points that you should be well aware of.

What is Pneumonia?

Let us first help you understand pneumonia meaning. Pneumonia is an infection in which the air sacs get inflamed in one or both lungs. It is an infection that anyone can develop during their life. The people mostly at risk of developing pneumonia are usually young children, older adults, and people who have preexisting medical conditions that weaken the immune system. Pneumonia, if not severe, can be treated at home with antibiotics when it is mild but some cases with severe infection may require medical attention. Infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria is the most common infection which may result in ear infections, sinus infections and meningitis and can be so severe that may require a hospital stay. On the other hand, viral pneumonia is caused by viruses that cause the common cold, the flu (influenza), and COVID-19. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can also lead to pneumonia and can cause flu-like symptoms and is more likely to resolve on its own.

Causes of Pneumonia

In this section, we will discuss pneumonia causes. Pneumonia develops when our immune system fights an infection in the alveoli of the lung. This causes our lungs to swell and leak fluids. Many bacteria, viruses and fungi can cause infection in our body leading to pneumonia. These include

• Bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumonia are the primary causes of pneumonia. They can spread from person to person by means of touching infected surfaces or through coughing and sneezing.

Some other pneumonia causes include:

• Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) which most commonly occurs in infants aged below 2 years
• Common cold (rhinovirus)
• SARS-COV-2 virus
• The flu (influenza virus)
• Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)
• Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV)
• Legionnaires’ disease.
• Mycoplasma pneumonia bacteria.
• Pneumococcal disease.
• Pneumocystis pneumonia.

The other factors that increase the chances of Pneumonia are our lifestyle habits like smoking cigarettes and drinking too much alcohol.

Symptoms of Pneumonia

The common pneumonia symptoms include coughing mucus, difficulty in breathing, chest pain and discomfort, loss of appetite, discomfort in sleeping patterns, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat.

Pneumonia symptoms in babies and newborns may not show up distinctively. Their incidence can be mild to life-threatening. In babies and newborns, the symptoms may vary. The most common symptoms are grunting sounds with breathing or noisy breathing, limpness, decrease in pee volume, diarrhoea, difficulty in feeding the babies, fever, nausea, loose motions, babies often getting crankier when not fed properly and night sweats

Diagnosis of Pneumonia

Now that we have discussed all the relevant aspects of understanding what is pneumonia, the succeeding step is to know how to diagnose pneumonia. The doctor may ask you to go for a test in case he/she suspects pneumonia symptoms. These tests include chest X-ray where our healthcare provider looks for infection in the lungs by performing a chest X-ray or CT scan. If any inflammation is noticed he may inform the doctor about its location and extent of infection spread. Blood culture can also be done to confirm an infection and can also help us to identify the reason for infection by studying the growth of the infection. Early morning sputum collected from the patient is also advisable to look for the cause of infection by performing bacterial and fungal culture test

A pulse oximetry test is also performed to measure the amount of oxygen in our blood which will indicate whether our lungs are moving enough oxygen through our bloodstream.

Other extra-pulmonary samples are pleural fluid and bronchial wash which is fluid from our lungs that can be taken by the specialist to look for infection of the lungs. The doctor can also perform a bronchoscopy to look into the airways in our lungs by using a camera on the end of a flexible tube that’s gently guided down our throat and further into our lungs.

Complications Associated with Pneumonia

Pneumonia may cause severe complications in people with compromised immune systems or any chronic conditions like congestive heart failure and emphysema. The chances of heart attack increases also in the case of diabetes. Bacteria may enter and cause infection (known as Bacteremia) when reaches the bloodstream which leads to low blood pressure, septic shocks and organ transplants in the worst scenario. There may also be chances of lung abscesses in which cavities in the lungs get filled with pus that results in impaired breathing and worst cases the patient might have to use a ventilator Pleural effusion is also one of the complications that can occur fluid gets filled around our lungs in our pleura making thin membranes outside or inside of our lungs

Living with hypothyroidism can be challenging, as the condition often slows down body functions and brings symptoms such as tiredness, weight gain and sensitivity to cold. While medicines remain the primary form of treatment, dietary choices also play a key role in supporting thyroid health.

Selecting the best foods for hypothyroidism can support thyroid function, provide essential nutrients and help maintain a better energy balance. Understanding these dietary options can be a necessary step in making daily life healthier and more manageable.

This blog will take a closer look at the foods that can help manage hypothyroidism.

What is hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a health condition where the thyroid gland produces fewer hormones than the body needs. This imbalance can slow down various body functions, leading to fatigue, weight changes and low energy. Managing the condition typically requires medication, supplemented by a healthy lifestyle and prudent dietary choices.

Foods to Eat with Hypothyroidism

A well-balanced diet is necessary for thyroid health. If you’re experiencing an underactive thyroid, the foods to eat with hypothyroidism include the following:

• Foods with omega-3 fatty acids: These foods have anti-inflammatory properties, thus they help improve thyroid hormone receptor sensitivity and reduce inflammation in the thyroid gland, supporting better hormone balance. Some of the best sources of omega-3 fatty acids include flaxseeds, walnuts, chia seeds and fatty fish (salmon, mackerel and sardines).
• Fruits and vegetables: Colourful fruits and vegetables, such as spinach, bell peppers, blueberries, strawberries, carrots, oranges, grapefruits and lemons, contain antioxidants, vitamins and minerals that help combat oxidative stress, a common issue in hypothyroidism. They also support immune function and metabolism.
• Lean proteins: Lean meats, poultry, tofu, legumes and lentils are all lean protein sources. They provide the amino acids necessary for producing thyroid hormones.
• Whole grains: Whole grains contain fibre and other essential nutrients that aid digestion and help relieve constipation, which is a common symptom of hypothyroidism.
• Healthy fats: Foods like nuts, avocados, seeds and olive oil contain healthy fats that support thyroid hormone production and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
• Herbal teas: Herbal beverages like green, ginger and chamomile tea contain antioxidants that may help lower inflammation in the thyroid glands.
• Iodine-rich foods: Iodine plays a crucial role in supporting thyroid hormone production. Foods like iodised salt, seaweed (such as nori and kelp), cod, tuna, shrimp, yoghurt and cow’s milk can help. Overconsumption should be avoided, as excessive iodine intake may trigger thyroid issues.
• Selenium-rich foods: Selenium activates thyroid hormones and shields the gland from oxidative stress. Good sources include Brazil nuts, sardines, salmon, eggs, mushrooms and sunflower seeds.
• Zinc-rich foods: Zinc is essential for hormone synthesis and immune function. Examples include pumpkin seeds, chickpeas, cashews, oysters, crab, lentils and whole wheat bread. Regular intake of these foods can help alleviate symptoms such as hair thinning, fatigue and a slow metabolism in hypothyroidism.
• Dairy products: Low-fat milk, yoghurt, paneer and cheese are rich in calcium, vitamin D and iodine. These nutrients help strengthen bones and support thyroid function. Lactose-free options, such as almond or soy milk fortified with calcium, can also be suitable for those with lactose intolerance.

Role of Health Insurance in Treating Hypothyroidism

The treatment for hypothyroidism requires lifelong medication, regular diagnostic tests and frequent consultations with specialists. In such a case, having a suitable health insurance plan can be beneficial. It can cover the costs of thyroid function tests, doctor visits and related treatments, reducing the financial burden. Some policies may also offer coverage for associated conditions such as heart disease, obesity or infertility that can arise due to untreated hypothyroidism. This ensures timely medical attention while keeping long-term expenses manageable.

Conclusion

A balanced and nourishing diet is essential for hypothyroidism patients to enjoy a healthier and more vibrant life. If you have specific concerns about your thyroid function, it's best to consult with a healthcare practitioner for proper guidance. Besides, a registered dietitian can help you formulate a personalised dietary plan that suits your health condition and needs. While you take steps to manage hypothyroidism with the right diet and care, let us support you financially. Fill out the form on this page to get personalised health insurance advice tailored to your needs.

FAQs

1. What foods are good for managing hypothyroidism?

   Foods rich in iodine, selenium and zinc support thyroid function. Examples include iodised salt, seafood, eggs, pumpkin seeds, whole grains, walnuts and Brazil nuts.

2. Are there foods that people with hypothyroidism should avoid?

   Yes, limiting goitrogenic foods such as raw cruciferous vegetables, soy products and highly processed items is advisable, as they may interfere with thyroid function.

3. How does diet help in controlling hypothyroidism symptoms?

   A balanced diet ensures that the body gets essential nutrients that support thyroid hormone production, boost metabolism and reduce fatigue.

4. Can hypothyroidism be managed with food alone?

   No, food cannot cure thyroid disease, but it can help manage symptoms and support thyroid health. Regular medication prescribed by a doctor remains essential for treatment.

5. Does health insurance cover the treatment and medicines for hypothyroidism?

   Most comprehensive health insurance plans cover consultations, diagnostic tests and medicines related to hypothyroidism, reducing out-of-pocket expenses for ongoing care.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Also Read:

• Causes of hyperthyroidism?
• Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
• How to detect hyperthyroidism?
• Hyperthyroidism Treatment
• Foods Rich in Omega-3 That Are Healthy

Summary:

This article highlights the best foods for hypothyroidism, including omega-3-rich fish, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. It explains how balanced nutrition can support thyroid hormone production and metabolism, and how health insurance can help manage long-term treatment costs.

The healthcare system framed under the Ayushman Bharat Health Account, or the ABHA Health ID card, is aimed at improving the efficiency of health insurance uptake and treatment and for recording the complete medical history of individuals. It guarantees prompt, safe retrieval of essential health information, supporting appropriate healthcare choices and quality health services across India.

What are the Benefits of an ABHA Card?

The ABHA Health ID card is one great step towards digitising India’s healthcare system. This system offers several benefits that can change people's perspectives regarding the management of their health records and services. To understand it further, here are some Abha ID benefits:

• Consolidated Health Records: With the help of the ABHA Health ID card, all pertaining medical documents can be computerised and retrieved from one portal. Patients and medical providers can enjoy the benefit of easy retrieval of health records as the need to look for hard copy records is eliminated. Thus, incidents of misplaced and lost records are reduced.
• Easier Access and Management of Health Insurance Plans: It is easier to obtain staff health insurance plans and manage all the insurance schemes through an ABHA ID. Health insurance information can be linked within the ABHA ID, making insurance validation and clearance of claims more efficient with less documentation required. This ensures great efficiency in the dynamics of interaction between the patient, insurer, and healthcare providers.
• Reinforced Protection of Confidential Health Information: The ABHA health ID card uses advanced technology that ensures the privacy of personal health information. Patients can restrict access to their health records, giving them more privacy and security. This implies that healthcare professionals can only view the information needed for the service they are providing, thus promoting proper use of patient information.
• Empowerment and Control for Patients: The provision of comprehensive health records encourages patients to be proactive regarding their healthcare. The ABHA Health ID card acts as a medicine card; it allows information retrieval of an individual's medicines and treatment history. This empowerment can enhance health outcomes and patient satisfaction with the healthcare being provided.
• Improved Healthcare Service Packages: For healthcare providers, the ABHA ID system makes patient management easier and operational processes more efficient.  It enhances the quality of record management, prevents unnecessary repetition of tests, and ensures information about patients is current and readily available. Such improved efficiency can translate into better care for patients and more effective use of facilities in the healthcare system.

Conclusion

The ABHA Health ID card is one such initiative that can be called a giant step towards the goal of providing digital health in the country. Looking at the advantages offered by the ABHA ID to patients and providers, it is evident that there is a centralised health record, better health insurance services, improved facilities, and simple healthcare management for patients. 

More patients and healthcare professionals can adopt this digital health ID, which positively changes the healthcare system. It also gradually brings more clinically accountable decisions in patients and better outcomes throughout treatment periods. ABHA ID card benefits extend across various aspects of the healthcare ecosystem, ensuring efficiency, privacy, and empowerment for both patients and providers.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational purposes only. Please consult a medical or nutrition professional before making any significant changes in your daily diet. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any impact or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Also Read:

• How to use ABHA Health Card
• ABHA Card vs Ayushman Bharat Card
• How to Check Health Insurance Policy Status?
• What are the IRDAI Rules for Health Insurance Claim Settlement?
• Understanding Family Floater Policy in Health Insurance

The two items included in the Ayushman Bharat Health scheme, the Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) and the Ayushman Bharat Card, have clearly defined roles in ensuring appropriate coverage to target beneficiaries in India.

The Ayushman Bharat Card is meant for the provision of health insurance plans for those citizens who fall within certain criteria. Meanwhile, the ABHA account is concerned with patient records. Being aware of the difference between the two could prove beneficial in choosing appropriate health insurance plans.

What is the Difference Between Ayushman Bharat Health Account and Ayushman Bharat Card?

Ayushman Bharat Health Account and Ayushman Bharat Card are both critical aspects of the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, which is striving to improve access and reduce the costs of healthcare for Indians. Hence, the two terminologies are used interchangeably quite often even though they have different roles and benefits that are appropriate for different actors in the health system.

The Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) is a digital tool used to keep an individual’s health records, more specifically, their health summary details. This account helps people store and access their health information and use it whenever and where needed. This system assigns each user a unique identification number and clusters all users’ medical records, including their medical history, medicines prescribed, lab results, treatment details, etc, in one digital health ID number referred to as ABHA.

ABHA is useful, especially during health emergencies, when there is an urgent need to access patient history as delays may cause serious problems. It also reduces excess paperwork and errors in healthcare management. There are benefits to using the Ayushman Bharat Health Account as far as the management of patients is concerned, but this particular account does not provide any form of coverage when treating a patient.

The Ayushman Bharat Card is also referred to as the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana Card. This card offers health insurance to underprivileged Indian families. This card facilitates covered families to obtain cashless treatment at hospitals included in the scheme, including secondary and tertiary healthcare services. 

Under the scheme, the health coverage offered is up to INR 5 lakh per household per year. This amount pays for expenses by a significant margin for those who are unable to pay for other expensive medical treatments.

If we talk about the ABHA Card vs Ayushman Bharat Card, certain differences should be drawn while noting one does not necessarily overlap with the other. It is only that they are devised to work hand-in-hand as opposed to one replacing the other. The ABHA vs Ayushman Card debate is neither focused on choosing one over the other nor on how they can be used to improve healthcare accessibility. 

While ABHA intends to manage the digital aspect of the healthcare system, the primary focus of the Ayushman Bharat Card is to provide coverage through health insurance plans.

Conclusion

The Ayushman Bharat Health Account as well as the Ayushman Bharat Card, have several distinctive features for which proper knowledge is required to derive the benefits. While ABHA serves the purpose of improving health digitally, the Ayushman Bharat Card provides basic financial protection. To sum up, they help in ensuring healthcare is made universal and affordable in India.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational purposes only. Please consult a medical or nutrition professional before making any significant changes in your daily diet. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any impact or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Also Read:

• Health Card For Senior Citizens
• How Much Health Insurance Do I Need?
• How Health Insurance Works
• How Much Health Insurance Do I Need?
• Checking Health Insurance Claim Settlement Ratio

When it comes to foods that benefit health, oats reign supreme. Producers have developed various forms of instant oats to encourage people to consume more of these nutritious grains. Nevertheless, what exactly are oats?

Oats are a cereal grain derived from the plant species Avena sativa. This meal’s foundation comprises gluten-free whole grains, providing a highly nutritious core. Mix in freshly cut fruits, veggies and milk for a satisfying anytime breakfast, lunch or dinner. In this blog, we will explore the diverse and remarkable benefits of oats.

What Are the Different Benefits of Oats?

The benefits of eating oats are remarkable. This unassuming whole grain is anything but ordinary; it’s a nutritional powerhouse that can significantly enhance your overall well-being. From digestion to acting as a natural cleanser, oats offer many advantages that make them a must-have in your pantry.

1. Aids in digestion
2. Prevent cardiovascular disease
3. Sugar absorption is reduced
4. Low in calories and fat
5. An excellent alternative to rice cereal
6. Provides carbohydrates and calories
7. Acts as a natural cleanser

Now, let’s delve into the extensive benefits of oats in greater detail.

1. Oats for Digestion – Contains a high fibre content, which aids in digestion.

Oats are high in fibre and are beneficial for digestion. Your digestive system operates smoothly and effectively when you include fibre in your diet. Fibre regulates your bowel movements. Compared to pulses and beans, which usually take 120 minutes to digest, oats take approximately 90 minutes.

A variety of problems can be prevented by eating oats, such as gas, indigestion, constipation, diarrhoea and even irritable bowel syndrome. As a result, if you are experiencing digestive problems, a bowl of oats should help!

2. Oats for Cholesterol – Help prevent cardiovascular disease.

Clogged arteries, cardiovascular disease, heart attacks and strokes are some of the heart problems bad cholesterol (LDL) can trigger.

Lowering cholesterol levels is possible with the consumption of oats. Adding oats to your diet can decrease your risk of heart disease by reducing unhealthy cholesterol levels. This amazing grain can also aid in weight loss and lower blood pressure.

Furthermore, research has shown that it positively impacts hypertension and other indicators of heart disease.

3. Oats for Diabetes – Reduces the body’s absorption of sugar.

Diabetes can be deadly if left untreated, but oats offer a viable solution. The complex carbohydrates in oats help lower blood sugar levels, slowing down the body’s breakdown of sugar. This remarkable grain also boosts your health. A low glycemic index helps manage diabetes, reducing insulin injections.

4. Oats for Weight Loss – Oats are low in calories and fat.

There are numerous ways that oats aid in weight loss. A high-fibre diet decreases hunger and increases fullness. Oats are a low-calorie, high-fat snack that’s excellent for weight loss.

To maintain your health, you can include fresh fruit in meals made with oats.

5. Oats for Babies – An excellent alternative to rice cereal

Oats are a healthy option for babies weaning themselves off solid foods. Consider these whole grains healthy choices as they supply essential nutrients and stimulate growth.

Because they are less refined, steel-cut muesli is the best choice for toddler health. You can combine them with milk or add them to other kid-friendly recipes if you feel inventive.

6. Oats during Pregnancy – Provides enough carbohydrates and calories to boost energy.

A mother and her unborn child can benefit from including wholesome foods in their diet during pregnancy.

Oats are one example of a whole grain that can help ensure a healthy pregnancy. Women need an energy boost to lead an active lifestyle during pregnancy.

By adding different flavours and toppings to them, oats can help meet the need and satisfy cravings during pregnancy. The baby’s growth and development may also benefit from this.

7. Oats for Skin – Acts as a natural cleanser for healthy and glowing skin.

A miraculous cereal with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant qualities exists that can work wonders for your skin. You can use it to treat acne by drawing out excess oil from the skin.

The saponins in oats act as a natural cleanser. Oats are a versatile grain that can support you in keeping a clear, glowing, and healthy complexion.

Cucumbers, these crisp, refreshing vegetables, are delicious additions to salads and sandwiches and provide various nutritional advantages. These green, elongated wonders are more than water-rich, low-calorie vegetables. In this blog, we will find many benefits of cucumber that contribute to your health and well-being.

What Are the Different Benefits of Cucumber?

Many people overlook cucumbers, but their extensive and impressive health benefits astound. Here are the seven key health benefits of cucumber, including:

1. Increases Hydration
2. Strengthens Bones
3. Promotes Gut Health
4. Helps Manage Blood Sugar and Weight
5. Protects Against Cancer
6. Improves Heart Health
7. Easy to Add to Your Diet

Let us now explore the many benefits of cucumbers in detail, from their hydrating properties to overall well-being.

• Increases Hydration

Cucumbers are nature’s gift for hydration. Made of about 96% water, they help quench your thirst while providing essential nutrients. Proper hydration is vital for maintaining overall health, as it is instrumental in facilitating essential bodily functions, including regulating temperature and transporting nutrients and waste products. While you may get most of your fluids from beverages, cucumbers significantly contribute to your daily water intake. Staying well-hydrated enhances physical performance and metabolism, making cucumbers a crucial part of your daily diet.

• Strengthens Bones

Cucumbers are a valuable source of vitamin K, a pivotal nutrient for bone health. Beyond the common focus on calcium, vitamin K is critical in bone mineralisation and maintenance. Adequate vitamin K intake ensures your bones remain strong and resilient. By including cucumbers in your diet, you supply your body with this essential nutrient, contributing to the fortification of your skeletal structure. Strong bones are vital for physical support and preventing the risk of fractures and various bone-related disorders, making cucumbers a healthy addition to your diet for long-term bone health.

• Promotes Gut Health

Cucumbers are a treasure trove of dietary fibre, a boon for your digestive system. Fibre is your digestive system’s ally, diligently promoting regular bowel movements and overall digestive well-being. Cucumbers, in particular, are rich in pectin, a soluble fibre that plays a crucial role in maintaining the frequency of bowel movements. But there’s more to it: pectin nourishes the beneficial bacteria in your gut, cultivating a harmonious and balanced digestive environment. It’s akin to gently guiding your gut in the right direction, facilitating smoother digestion, better nutrient absorption and supporting overall health.

• Helps Manage Blood Sugar and Weight

Cucumbers have shown the potential to assist with blood sugar management. Numerous studies, primarily carried out on animals, have indicated that cucumbers might help lower blood sugar levels and prevent complications related to diabetes. Cucumbers’ low-calorie and high-water content make them an ideal choice for weight management. With just 16 calories per one-cup serving, they offer a refreshing, low-calorie alternative to other, higher-calorie foods.

• Protects Against Cancer

Cucumbers are a rich source of antioxidants, including flavonoids and tannins, which combat harmful free radicals contributing to chronic diseases, including cancer. While the link between cucumbers and cancer prevention needs further exploration, their antioxidant properties hold promise. Consuming a diet abundant in antioxidant-packed fruits and vegetables, such as cucumbers, could potentially reduce the risk of cancer development. Including cucumbers in your meals can be a flavourful way to fortify your body against harmful free radicals.

• Improves Heart Health

Cucumbers, combined with hydration and dietary fibre, contribute to heart health. Research involving more than 3,600 participants revealed a substantial reduction in body weight associated with a diet abundant in foods with high water content and low-calorie content. Preserving a healthy weight is paramount for heart health and lowering the chances of developing cardiovascular diseases. Cucumbers can be a valuable component of a heart-healthy diet, offering a refreshing and wholesome option to support your cardiovascular well-being.

• Easy to Add to Your Diet

With their mild, crisp, and refreshing character, cucumbers are culinary chameleons that effortlessly adapt to various dietary contexts. Fresh in salads, sandwiches or as a guilt-free snack, cucumbers elevate your meal’s flavour and nutritional profile. They harmonise beautifully with accompaniments like hummus, olive oil, a pinch of salt or assorted salad dressings, enhancing their appeal and nutritional value.

Moreover, cucumbers offer a canvas for culinary creativity. From salads brimming with flavour to wholesome side dishes, these green gems lend their versatility to keep your diet engaging and nutritionally well-rounded. With their innate freshness and adaptability, cucumbers offer a delicious solution for a diverse and health-conscious menu.

Chicken is a food that is low in calories and fat content. It has a high quantity of protein and other essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins that are essential for the good functioning of the body. Chicken is made use of in a variety of dishes. You can include chicken in the diet by preparing chicken soup, a chicken sandwich, chicken salad or chicken curry. It is rich in vitamins B12, B3, B6, amino acids, choline, zinc, iron, potassium, vitamin D and many more vitamins and essential minerals. Promoting a healthier lifestyle can play a pivotal role in reducing your health insurance costs.

This blog will delve into the detailed benefits of chicken.

What are the different benefits of chicken?

Beyond its delectable flavour, chicken has much to offer regarding nutrition and health. This blog will delve into the benefits of including chicken in your diet, which are:

1. Helps in weight management and heart health
2. Rich in several vitamins and minerals necessary for the brain
3. Controls blood pressure
4. Strengthens bones and muscles
5. Chicken helps maintain good skin
6. Chicken lifts mood
7. Chicken helps boost immunity

Let’s now discuss in detail the health benefits of eating chicken.

• Helps in Weight Management and Heart Health 

There are several benefits of chicken. Most importantly, it helps us maintain a good weight and provides us with several other health. According to research estimates, protein-rich foods make us feel full for longer, helping us avoid unnecessary munching and thereby helping us maintain a healthy weight. According to studies, people who consume protein-rich foods can keep their body weight in check. The lean protein in the chicken not only helps you satisfy your hunger and promotes portion control, boosting metabolism and weight loss.

• Rich in Several Vitamins and Minerals Necessary for the Brain

Chicken contains various essential vitamins and minerals that are crucial for the the brain’s healthy functioning. Rich in vitamin B6, it plays a pivotal role in cognitive development. Vitamin B6 is necessary for the brain to perform neurotransmitter function and help in memory, focus and mood regulation. Chicken is a rich source of minerals such as phosphorus and zinc. Chicken is rich in lean meat, which is essential in the formation of healthy blood cells. It gives the body a lot of energy to function. Vitamin D in the chicken helps form strong bones and calcium absorption. Iron-rich chicken is essential for haemoglobin formation and aids in preventing anaemia.

• Controls Blood Pressure 

The 2008 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry volume stated that chicken is highly effective in reducing high blood pressure. Doctors advise people who suffer from hypertension to include vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy and chicken in their diet. Due to its low saturated fat content, chicken helps lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases. It helps maintain healthy cholesterol levels, reducing the chances of developing heart-related issues. Including chicken in your diet enables you to keep your weight in check and promotes good heart health.

• Strengthens Bones and Muscles

Chicken abounds in amino acids, which are essential for building muscle tissue. Studies have estimated that the high protein content in chicken helps maintain bone mineral density. Eating chicken enables you to build strong muscles and promotes healthier bones, reducing osteoporosis risk. It’s believed that a 100-gram chicken piece contains approximately 21 grams of protein, exceeding the protein content of other food items. Including chicken in your daily diet gives your body the building blocks to keep the bones and muscles healthy.

• Chicken Helps Maintain Good Skin

One significant benefit of chicken is that it helps maintain good skin health. All those people who suffer from skin-related issues should consume chicken for its benefits. Chicken contains vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, which reduces skin problems by repairing dry and damaged skin.. The vitamin B3 found in chicken, known as niacin, contributes to healthy, glowing skin.The zinc content found in chicken helps balance the sebum production, helping keep acne away. So, all of you who want healthy, glowing and radiant skin should include chicken in your diet.

• Chicken Lifts Mood

The benefits of eating chicken are many. One of them is enhancing mood. People who suffer from mental health-related issues such as stress, depression and anxiety should try eating chicken to reset their mood. It functions as a robust source of amino acids, particularly tryptophan, known for its capacity to boost serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a feel-good neurotransmitter. It helps the brain in relieving stress and in lifting the mood. Try eating chicken next time you want to enhance your mood and ease anxiety.

• Chicken Helps Boost Immunity

Chicken soup has traditionally been a natural remedy for alleviating symptoms of flu, common cold and respiratory tract infections. Hot chicken soup helps clear nasal and throat congestion. A study found that chicken soup hinders the migration of neutrophils, a type of immune cell that helps prevent inflammation during infections and enhances immunity. So, next time you suffer from a fever or infection, try having hot chicken soup to relieve the symptoms and boost your immunity to rid of the infection at the earliest.