Have you ever wondered why your vehicle comes to a halt when you press the brake pedal? That is the role of brake fluid—a vital yet often overlooked component in your car’s braking system. This essential fluid acts as the hydraulic force that transfers your pedal pressure into the mechanical action needed to stop your car. Despite its importance, brake fluid often gets overlooked during regular car maintenance.

Let us dive deeper into what is brake fluid, its various types, how often it should be changed, and the signs that indicate that it is time for a replacement. Understanding these aspects is essential for maintaining and ensuring your safety on every journey.

What is Brake Fluid?

Brake fluid transforms the force exerted by your foot on the brake pedal into the pressure that activates the brake pads or shoes to stop your vehicle. This fluid is housed in the master cylinder and moves through a system of brake lines and hoses to various brake system components, including the callipers and wheel cylinders. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of how it works:

Brake fluid operates within the closed circuit of the braking system, characterised by its incompressibility and high boiling point. Here’s what you need to know about this essential fluid:

• Hydraulic Functionality: Brake fluid carries the force from the brake pedal to the brake pads.
• Chemical Composition: It is composed of glycol-ether, silicone, or mineral oil, depending on the type (DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5, and DOT 5.1).
• High Boiling Point: It is essential to prevent vapourisation within the brake lines under high temperatures.
•   Moisture Resistance: Except for DOT 5, most brake fluids absorb moisture over time, which can lower the boiling point and reduce effectiveness.

There are several types of brake fluid, each designed to perform under different conditions and specified by DOT (Department of Transportation) standards. The type of brake fluid suitable for your vehicle depends on the manufacturer's specifications and the expected operating conditions, such as temperature and system design. They include:

• DOT 3: This glycol-ether-based brake fluid is popular for its high boiling point but is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air.
• DOT 4: Also glycol-ether-based, this type has a higher boiling point, making it suitable for vehicles with anti-lock braking systems (ABS).
• DOT 5: This silicone-based fluid is non-hygroscopic, making it perfect for vehicles not used frequently as it does not absorb moisture.
• DOT 5.1: Similar to DOT 4, this glycol-ether-based fluid has a higher performance rating, particularly in cold conditions.

Importance of Brake Fluid

Brake fluid is essential for your vehicle's safety and efficiency. It plays a crucial role beyond just enabling the braking mechanism. Here is a closer look at the importance of brake fluid:

• Safety: Proper brake fluid levels and quality are crucial to ensuring your vehicle can stop effectively under all conditions. The fluid's ability to withstand high temperatures without boiling helps maintain the integrity of the hydraulic brake system, preventing brake failure during critical moments.
• Performance: Using the correct type of brake fluid and adhering to manufacturer-recommended change intervals are essential to preventing the degradation of braking performance. Brake fluid has a high boiling point to resist the extreme temperatures generated during braking. Over time, the boiling point can decrease due to moisture absorption, leading to reduced braking effectiveness, particularly in demanding situations such as heavy traffic or steep descents.
• Prevention of Repairs: Regularly changing the brake fluid helps prevent moisture accumulation, which can otherwise cause rust and damage to braking system components such as callipers, hoses, and the master cylinder. Moisture in brake fluid is a leading cause of premature brake system failure.
• Longevity: Maintaining brake fluid at optimal levels and conditions extends the life of your entire braking system. Clean and adequate brake fluid prevents wear and tear on the hydraulic parts, ensuring your brakes remain effective for longer periods. Safety-related regulations and information regularly published by authorities underscore the importance of regular brake maintenance, including fluid checks, to extend the lifespan of vehicles’ braking systems.

Maintenance Recommendations: Check the brake fluid at least once a year and replace it every two years or as specified by your vehicle's manufacturer. This schedule can vary based on your driving habits and the vehicle's operating environment. Refer to your vehicle's owner's manual for precise guidelines. It's also a good idea to have professionals check your car’s brakes; they can properly evaluate the fluid's condition and ensure that the brakes meet safety standards.

Conclusion

Brake fluid plays a crucial role in ensuring the operational integrity and safety of vehicles. Regularly checking and maintaining your car’s brake fluid ensures the brakes are working efficiently, keeping your vehicle safe and extending its lifespan. 

Securing comprehensive car insurance is equally important. Just as you wouldn’t overlook replacing brake fluid or engine oil, ensuring that your vehicle is adequately insured protects against the financial implications of unforeseen events. 

Always consult your vehicle’s owner's manual for specific recommendations on brake fluid types and change intervals. 

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.

Have you ever wondered what makes a car accelerate quickly or effortlessly climb a steep hill? The answer lies in two critical engine performance metrics: torque and horsepower. Torque focuses on the initial power that gets the car moving and enables it to perform strenuous tasks like towing.

In contrast, horsepower measures the engine's ability to maintain high speeds, making it a key factor in how fast a car can go. Both are crucial for understanding a vehicle’s capabilities regardless of whether you are a car enthusiast or simply looking to make informed decisions about vehicle purchases or 4-wheeler insurance.

Let us explore the difference between horsepower and torque and how these shape the driving experience.

What is Torque?

Torque is a key concept in physics and engineering, defined as the force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. In the automotive world, torque translates directly to an engine’s power and significantly impacts a car’s acceleration. Here is a closer look at torque, its measurements, and its impact on vehicle performance:

The Physics Behind Torque

• Rotational Equivalent: In physics, torque is the rotational counterpart to linear force. It is generated when the force from the engine’s combustion process acts on the pistons, rotating the crankshaft and converting linear force into rotational motion.
• Formula: Torque is calculated using the formula:

Torque = Force × Distance, where distance refers to the radius from the axis of rotation to where the force is applied.

Torque's Role in Vehicle Dynamics

• Acceleration: Torque directly determines a vehicle's ability to accelerate quickly. Higher torque means faster movement from a stop.
• Handling and Control: Torque affects how a vehicle manoeuvres around curves and traverses different terrains, enhancing stability and driver control.
• Efficiency and Power: High-torque engines can move a vehicle with less effort, reducing engine strain and potentially extending engine life.

Practical Implications of Torque

• Daily Driving: Torque determines how quickly a vehicle starts moving at traffic lights or during city driving.
• Towing and Hauling: Vehicles with high torque are ideal for towing or hauling heavy loads, offering greater capacity without overstressing the engine.
• Off-Roading: Torque provides the necessary power to conquer rough terrains and steep inclines, crucial for off-road performance.

How to Calculate Torque?

Torque is a crucial factor in understanding a vehicle's performance. Here is how it is calculated:

The formula for Calculating Torque

• Basic Equation: Torque = Force × Distance. Here, distance refers to the lever arm—the radius from the rotational axis to the point where the force is applied.
• Units of Measurement: The standard unit for torque in the International System of Units (SI) is Newton-meters (Nm). Other units include kilogram-meter (kgm) and foot-pounds (ft-lbs), commonly used in the automotive industry.

What is Horsepower?

Horsepower (HP) is synonymous with power and performance in the automotive world. Calculating horsepower helps engineers and mechanics understand an engine's efficiency and capability. This helps in designing more efficient vehicles and machinery.

Here’s a closer look at horsepower and its role in vehicle performance:

Historical Background and Definition

•   Origin of the Term: Coined by James Watt, the famous Scottish inventor, horsepower was initially used to compare the power of steam engines to draft horses. It quantified how many horses an engine could replace.
• Standard Definition: Historically, one horsepower was defined as the ability to lift 33000 pounds in one foot in one minute. This unit symbolises an engine’s capacity over time.

Modern Context in Automobiles

• Engine Performance: In automobiles, horsepower represents the total power output of an engine. It shows how much work the engine can perform over a specific period. It affects how fast a vehicle can travel and how well it maintains high speeds.
• Measurement Units: Horsepower is often abbreviated as HP. While prevalent in the United States, kilowatts (kW) are increasingly used worldwide by the metric system.

How Horsepower Impacts Driving

• Speed and Acceleration: Higher horsepower enables faster acceleration and higher maximum speeds, crucial for performance vehicles.
• Vehicle Capability: Vehicles with more horsepower can handle demanding tasks like towing, carrying heavy loads, or climbing steep gradients without strain.

Practical Applications of Horsepower

• Comparing Vehicles: Horsepower is a key metric for comparing vehicles, especially sports cars, where high performance is essential.
• Marketing and Sales: Automobile manufacturers often highlight horsepower figures in marketing to appeal to customers seeking powerful and capable vehicles.

How to Calculate Horsepower?

The most commonly used formula for calculating horsepower in automobiles is:

HP = (Torque x RPM)/5252.

This formula connects the engine's torque output and rotational speed, measuring its overall power efficiency at different speeds.

Components:

•   HP: Represents the engine’s total power output.
• Torque: Measured in pound-feet (lb-ft), it represents the force the engine generates to turn the wheels.
•   RPM: Revolutions per Minute indicate how fast the engine is running.

Practical Implications of Horsepower Calculation

• Vehicle Performance: Knowing horsepower helps evaluate a vehicle's speed and acceleration capabilities.
•   Engineering Applications: Horsepower calculations are vital in industries beyond automobiles, such as aerospace, marine, and industrial engineering.
• Weight Considerations: The formula can factor in a vehicle’s weight to determine the horsepower needed for specific speeds or load conditions.

What are the Differences Between Torque and Horsepower?

Understanding torque vs horsepower can guide you in choosing the right vehicle for your driving style and needs:

Parameters and Measurement

•   Torque: This force initiates vehicle movement and sustains it under load. It is measured in Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).
• Horsepower: Represents an engine’s ability to maintain performance over time. It is calculated using the formula: HP= (Torque × RPM)/5252 and is expressed in HP.

Impact on Vehicle Performance

• Torque: Affects acceleration at lower speeds, helping a car start moving quickly and handle tasks like towing or climbing hills.
• Horsepower: Influences high-speed performance and endurance, enabling vehicles to maintain speed on highways and achieve top speeds.

Driver Experience

• Torque: Provides the immediate thrust needed for quick acceleration, especially in city driving or stop-and-go traffic.
• Horsepower: Ensures a vehicle can achieve and sustain high speeds efficiently, making it ideal for highway driving and long-distance travel.

Fuel Consumption and Efficiency Considerations

• Torque: Vehicles with high torque at low RPMs are often more fuel-efficient in urban settings due to efficient acceleration.
•   Horsepower: Higher horsepower usually results in higher fuel consumption, particularly when maintaining high speeds. However, efficiency varies depending on engine design and aerodynamics.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences between torque and horsepower helps in selecting a vehicle suited to your driving needs, whether for city commuting or highway travel. These specifications also influence decisions regarding 4-wheeler insurance, as vehicles with higher horsepower or torque might have higher premiums due to increased risks or maintenance costs. Choosing a 4-wheeler insurance policy that aligns with your vehicle's capabilities ensures protection and peace of mind.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.

The Auto Expo India 2025, held from February 7 to 12 at Greater Noida’s India Expo Mart, was a significant event for the global automotive industry. Under the theme “Green Wheels, Smart Futures”, the expo highlighted India’s twin goals of establishing itself as a hub for EV manufacturing and making sustainable mobility accessible to all. The expo brought together key industry players to ͏explore cutting-edge innovations influencing the sector.

From hydrogen-powered trucks to AI-driven micromobility solutions, the India Auto ͏Expo 2͏025 ͏showcased India's evolving role as a ͏global͏ ͏leader rather than just a consumer market.

Auto Expo 2025 updates & highlights of key launches

1. Revised FAME-III policy: The Auto Expo 2025 became a platform for policy announcements, with the Indian government unveiling its revised FAME-III (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) scheme. The policy allocates:

• ₹12,000 crore to subsidise EV purchases, charging infrastructure, and R&D for battery-swapping technologies until 2030. 
• ₹2,000 crore Hydrogen Valley Initiative was introduced to establish three pilot hubs for green hydrogen production and fuel-cell vehicle testing.

2. New EV launches: One of the most talked-about segments of the Auto Expo 2025 was the introduction of several new electric vehicles (EVs). Leading manufacturers unveiled EV ͏models ͏that promise longer ranges, quicker͏ charging capabilities, and enhanced connectivity features. ͏These cars promise to:

• Reduce carbon emissions 
• Superior driving experience
1. Key collaborations between automotive leaders and tech innovators:
• Toyota-Kirloskar showcased a prototype of its India-made hydrogen combustion engine, targeting commercial vehicles.
• Hero MotoCorp partnered with Taiwan’s Gogoro to launch swappable battery stations for electric two-wheelers.
• BMW India debuted its iVision Circular concept, a 100% recyclable EV that aligns with India’s circular economy goals.
2. Key launches: The Auto Expo 2025 witnessed a blend of futuristic concepts and production-ready models:
• Maruti Suzuki eVitara SUV: Maruti Suzuki’s first electric vehicle, the eVitara SUV, was unveiled at the expo. This launch aims to meet India’s rising demand for affordable and sustainable mobility solutions.
• Hyundai Creta Electric: Hyundai introduced the Creta Electric, an electrified version of its popular SUV model. The Creta Electric is designed as an eco-friendly alternative without compromising͏ on performance or comfort.͏
• BMW iX1 Long Wheelbase (LWB) and New X3: BMW’s new launch, iX1 LWB, tailored specifically for the Indian market to provide enhanced rear-seat comfort. Additionally͏, ͏the ͏new͏ X3 model was introduced,͏ featuring ͏updated design elements and͏ advanced͏ technology͏ integrations.
• Tata Curvv EV: Tata Motors showcased the Curv͏͏v EV, a mid-size electric͏ S͏UV with ͏a͏ 500 km range and advanced connectivity͏, ͏marking͏ ͏its push into the premium͏ ͏EV segment͏.
• Kia EV6 Facelift: Kia Motors unveiled the updated EV6, featuring refreshed design elements and advanced tech upgrades. The facelift aims to boost Kia’s position in India’s competitive electric vehicle market.
• Mercedes-Benz CLA Concept: Mercedes-Benz introduced the CLA Concept, an all-electric four-door coupé built on the new Mercedes Modular Architecture (MMA) platform. This concept showcases the brand’s vision for the future of luxury EVs.
• MG Cyberster and M9: MG Motor captivated attendees with the debut of the Cyberster, an electric roadster that blends classic design cues with modern electric performance. Alongside, the M9 model was introduced, expanding MG's portfolio in the Indian market.
• Suzuki Gixxer SF 250 Flex Fuel: In the two-wheeler segment, Suzuki launched the Gixxer SF 250 Flex Fuel motorcycle. This model ͏is ͏capable of͏ running on both petrol and ethanol, offering a versatile͏ ͏and ͏environmentally friendly ͏option for riders.
• BYD Sealion 7: BYD announced the commencement of bookings for the Sealion 7, an electric SUV equipped with an 82.56kWh battery pack and 11 airbags. The vehicle is available in Premium and Performance variants, with deliveries expected to begin on March 7, 2025.
• VinFast VF6 and VF7: Vietnamese automaker VinFast enters the Indian market with the introduction of the VF6 and VF7 electric SUVs, aiming to offer new choices to Indian consumers.

Conclusion

The Auto Expo India 2͏025 marked a defining ͏͏moment for India’s automotive ͏͏future, proving its ability to ͏lead in sustainable͏ ͏and͏ smart mobility͏. With groundbreaking EV ͏launches, hydrogen-powered innovations, and AI-driven advancements, the͏ India Auto Expo showcased a vision where ͏cleaner, more efficient transport is within reach. 

As ͏more vehicles hit the ͏road, securing͏ car insurance online will be ͏essential to ensuring a͏ smooth transition into the automotive industry transformation. Alongside the mandatory third-party͏ car insurance, ͏a own-damage or comprehensive car insurance policy protects car owners from losses due to accidents, thefts and damages to expensive car parts needing repair or replacements.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Carbon fibre's strength, low weight, and high-performance advantages have drawn much attention in recent years. From sports cars to electric vehicles, carbon fibre is now being used in a variety of automotive applications, making vehicles faster, safer, and more efficient. But what is carbon fibre material, and why is it so highly valued in the automobile industry? Learn more about carbon fibre, how it is made, how it is used in cars, and how it will affect future automotive development.

What is Carbon Fibre?

Carbon fibre is formed by thin strands of carbon atoms bound together in a crystalline structure. These fibres are incredibly strong yet lightweight, which makes them ideal for various high-performance applications, especially in the automotive industry.

Here are some key points about carbon fibre:

• Composition: Carbon fibre is primarily made from a polymer called polyacrylonitrile (PAN), which is heated to extremely high temperatures in a process called pyrolysis. As a result, the polymer becomes carbon atoms that weave into strong, lengthy threads.
• Strength: Carbon fibre is known for its impressive strength-to-weight ratio. It is stronger than steel but much lighter, making it ideal for industries that require materials to be both tough and lightweight.
• Appearance: The material often has a distinctive black, woven appearance, which is one of the visual trademarks of carbon fibre.
• Durability: Carbon fibre is resistant to corrosion, making it a durable choice for many applications.

How is Carbon Fibre Made?

The process of making carbon fibre is quite intricate and requires precise conditions. Here are the main steps involved in manufacturing carbon fibre:

• Preparation of Precursor Material: The precursor material used to make carbon fibre is typically a type of plastic, most commonly polyacrylonitrile (PAN), although other materials can also be used. The PAN is spun into threads, which are known as fibres.
• Stabilisation: The fibres are then chemically stabilised. This process involves heating them to temperatures around 200°C to help prevent them from melting during the next steps.
• Carbonisation: The stabilised fibres are heated to extremely high temperatures (above 1000 °C) in a furnace in the absence of oxygen. This process is known as carbonisation, and it transforms the fibres into pure carbon.
• Surface Treatment: After carbonisation, the fibres undergo a surface treatment process that helps them bond better with other materials. This is crucial when creating composite materials by mixing carbon fibre with polymers or resins.
• Weaving and Moulding: Fabrics made from carbon fibres can then be moulded into various shapes. Composite materials, which are used in various applications, are frequently made by combining these fabrics with resins or polymers.

Use Cases of Carbon Fibre in Automobiles

Carbon fibre is widely used in the automotive industry, and its applications are growing rapidly. Here are some of the key uses of carbon fibre in cars:

• Body Panels: Carbon fibre is used in car body panels, such as hoods, doors, and roofs, to reduce weight. Lightweight body panels help improve fuel efficiency and performance.
• Chassis and Frame: Many high-performance cars, especially sports and luxury vehicles, use carbon fibre in the chassis and frame. This helps to enhance the car's structural integrity while keeping the overall weight low.
• Interior Components: Carbon fibre is also used in car interiors, such as dashboard trim, seats, and door panels. In addition to keeping the car lightweight, this gives it a more premium appearance.
• Wheel Housings: Carbon fibre is sometimes used to manufacture wheel housings, reducing weight in the car's suspension system and improving handling.
• Drive Shafts and Suspension Parts: Carbon fibre can be found in various mechanical components, such as drive shafts, suspension arms, and brake rotors. These components benefit from carbon fibre’s strength, which helps improve performance and reduce the weight of the car.

Pros and Cons of Carbon Fibre

Like any other material, carbon fibre comes with both advantages and disadvantages. Here’s a look at the pros and cons of using carbon fibre in automobiles:

Conclusion

Carbon fibre has transformed the automotive sector, with notable gains in efficiency, safety, and performance. Its lightweight and high-strength qualities make it perfect for a variety of uses, from body panels to interior components. Carbon fibre will probably be a key component of automobiles, particularly in high-performance and electric vehicles. As cars become more advanced and costly, securing reliable car insurance remains essential to protect your investment.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Variable Valve Timing (VVT) is a breakthrough technology bridging the power and sustainability gap. Unlike traditional engines with fixed valve timing, VVT dynamically adjusts the opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves. As modern vehicles strive to meet stricter environmental regulations while maintaining peak performance, VVT technology has become important for efficient engine design. Let us understand what is a VVT, its functions, how it works, types, advantages and disadvantages.

What is a Variable Valve Timing (VVT)?

Variable Valve Timing is a system used in internal combustion engines to enhance their performance and efficiency. Traditional engines operate with fixed valve timing, meaning the intake and exhaust valves open and close at predetermined intervals, regardless of the engine's speed or load. This can lead to inefficiencies, particularly under varying driving conditions.

VVT solves this issue by dynamically adjusting the timing of valve operations. By doing so, the engine can achieve optimal air-fuel mixture and exhaust flow across different speeds and loads. This technology is necessary to improve fuel efficiency, increase power output, and reduce emissions.

VVT systems are commonly found in modern petrol and diesel engines. They are essential for meeting stringent environmental regulations while improving driver performance.

Types of Valve Timing Processes

VVT systems are designed to improve engine efficiency and performance by altering valve operation. Here are the main types of valve timing processes, each with distinct features:

1. Cam Phasing Systems

Cam phasing systems adjust the angle of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft. This changes the timing of valve openings and closings to optimise performance at varying engine speeds. The systems are efficient because they do not alter the valve lift and focus solely on timing.

2. Variable Cam Timing (VCT)

VCT systems alter the timing of either the intake or exhaust valves independently. This allows for better control of torque at low speeds and enhanced power at high speeds. The system operates through hydraulic actuators controlled by the ECU.

3. Variable Valve Lift and Timing (VVLT)

VVLT systems adjust both the valve timing and lift, allowing precise control over the air-fuel mixture. This results in greater efficiency and power across the engine’s speed range. Advanced designs use electric actuators to achieve this high level of precision.

4. Two-Step Systems

These systems use two pre-set valve timing profiles, which switch in between depending on engine load and speed. While simpler than other systems, they provide significant improvements over fixed valve timing. They are cost-effective and suitable for engines that do not require complex timing adjustments.

How Does a Valve Timing Process Work?

The valve timing process in a VVT engine is controlled by the camshaft, which determines the operation of the intake and exhaust valves. In a conventional engine, this process is fixed and remains the same under all conditions. However, VVT technology introduces dynamic adjustments, made possible through mechanisms like hydraulics, electronics, or mechanical components. Some of the key steps in the process are:

• Monitoring Driving Conditions: Sensors in the engine monitor various parameters, such as throttle position, engine speed, and load. This data is sent to the engine control unit (ECU).
• Adjusting Valve Timing: Based on the data, the ECU adjusts the timing of the camshaft using mechanisms like hydraulic actuators or variable gear systems. For instance, the valves might open later at low speeds to improve fuel efficiency, while at high speeds, they open earlier for maximum power.
• Optimising Performance: The engine achieves better combustion, smoother operation, and improved efficiency by fine-tuning the valve timing, depending on the specific driving scenario.

Functions of Variable Valve Timing

Variable Valve Timing serves several important purposes in a car's engine which enhances both performance and efficiency. Below are its primary functions:

1. Optimising Air-Fuel Mixture: VVT ensures that the air-fuel mixture entering the combustion chamber is optimal by adjusting the timing of valve openings and closings.
2. Improving Fuel Efficiency: VVT systems can modify valve timing to allow more efficient fuel combustion, especially during low-speed or idle conditions.
3. Enhancing Power Output: At higher speeds, the engine requires more air for combustion. VVT allows the intake valves to stay open longer, ensuring that the engine gets the necessary air supply to produce maximum power.
4. Reducing Emissions: VVT systems help minimise unburnt fuel and other harmful pollutants in the exhaust by improving the efficiency of the combustion process.
5. Providing Smooth Engine Performance: Dynamic valve timing ensures that the engine operates smoothly under various conditions.

Advantages of Variable Valve Timing

The adoption of VVT technology offers numerous benefits, which makes it an important feature in modern engines. Now that you understand what is VVT engine, here are some of its key advantages:

1. Better Fuel Economy: VVT systems adjust valve timing to ensure efficient combustion, reducing fuel consumption, especially in stop-and-go traffic or during steady highway cruising.
2. Improved Engine Performance: VVT enhances torque at low speeds and boosts power at high speeds, providing a more versatile driving experience.
3. Lower Emissions: The precise control over the combustion process helps reduce emissions of harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
4. Increased Engine Longevity: VVT systems contribute to a longer engine lifespan by reducing stress on the engine and optimising its performance.
5. Enhanced Driving Experience: VVT engines offer smoother acceleration, better throttle response, and reduced vibrations, resulting in a more enjoyable ride.

While VVT systems offer many advantages, they also have some limitations:

1. Complexity: The technology involves intricate mechanical, hydraulic, and electronic components, making it more complex than traditional engines. This increases the likelihood of malfunctions.
2. Higher Maintenance Costs: Due to its complexity, VVT systems require specialised maintenance and repairs, which can be more expensive than conventional systems.
3. Initial Cost: Cars with VVT engines are often more expensive due to the advanced technology involved in their design and manufacturing.
4. Dependence on Oil Quality: VVT systems rely heavily on clean engine oil for proper functioning. Poor-quality or degraded oil can cause the system to malfunction.

Conclusion

Variable Valve Timing has made internal combustion engines more adaptable, efficient, and powerful. It ensures optimal performance by adjusting valve timing based on real-time conditions. VVT not only delivers better fuel economy and enhanced power output but also reduces emissions, meeting performance and environmental standards. As the automotive industry continues to prioritise innovation and eco-friendliness, VVT will remain an important feature in modern engines. To protect your investment in such advanced technology, consider opting for comprehensive car insurance to cover potential risks and accidents.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.

The performance of a car largely hinges on two critical factors: power and torque. Understanding these metrics is essential when considering a car's capability — whether it's for speed, towing or everyday driving. While they are critical to understanding vehicle performance, they are often misunderstood. What do these terms actually mean? How do they impact your choice of vehicle? This blog breaks down power vs torque, explains their differences, and shows why they matter.

What is Power?

Power, in automotive terms, is the engine’s ability to perform over time. Moreover, it determines how fast a car can accelerate and reach its top speed. Power is expressed in horsepower (hp) or kilowatts (kW) and is a key factor in high-speed performance. Power is derived from the interplay of torque and engine speed. The value of power is calculated using the formula:

Horsepower = Torque x RPM / 5,252

In this formula:

• Torque refers to the rotational force.
• RPM (revolutions per minute) measures the speed at which the engine’s crankshaft rotates.
• The more efficiently an engine generates torque at high RPM, the higher its power output.

Why is Power Important?

Power is one of the most critical factors determining a car's performance and overall driving experience. It refers to how quickly an engine can generate force over time, which impacts speed, acceleration, and even driving comfort. 

Let's explore the key reasons why power is so vital in a car's performance.

• High-Speed Driving: Power determines how quickly a car can reach and maintain high speeds. Vehicles with higher power are designed to handle prolonged high-speed driving, making them ideal for highway cruising or track performance. Power ensures the engine can deliver sustained output without compromising stability or efficiency.
• Acceleration: Vehicles with higher power can accelerate faster, which is particularly useful for overtaking on highways or merging into traffic. Quick acceleration not only enhances convenience but also improves safety in situations where swift manoeuvring is required.
• Load-Carrying Performance: Power is essential when carrying heavy loads over long distances, particularly in vehicles designed for utility or transport. Even with significant weight, a powerful engine ensures the vehicle maintains speed and prevents sluggish performance on inclines or uneven terrain.
• Performance in Varying Terrains: For vehicles designed for performance, such as rally cars or adventure SUVs, power is critical to navigate challenging terrains. It helps overcome resistance from sand, mud, or snow, ensuring the vehicle maintains momentum and avoids getting stuck. 

What is Torque?

Torque refers to the rotational force that an engine generates. It is the twisting force that allows the wheels to move and maintain balanced movement under load. Torque is measured in Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).

Torque is generated by the engine when the pistons exert force on the crankshaft, creating rotational movement. This force directly influences the car's ability to move, particularly from a standstill or under load. Tools like dynamometers measure this rotational force accurately, aiding engineers in optimising engine performance.

Torque plays a vital role in several key aspects of vehicle dynamics, such as:

• Initial Movement: Torque provides the thrust needed to move a car from a standstill, especially when starting on an incline or carrying heavy loads. Without sufficient torque, even powerful engines struggle to overcome inertia and initiate movement efficiently.
• Towing Capacity: Vehicles with high torque are ideal for towing trailers, boats, or other heavy items. High torque ensures steady pulling power and prevents the engine from straining, even on steep gradients or long hauls.
• Off-Road Performance: For SUVs and trucks, torque is critical for navigating rough terrains or climbing steep hills. It ensures consistent power delivery to the wheels, helping vehicles maintain traction and overcome obstacles.
• Fuel Efficiency at Low Speeds: Higher torque at lower RPM enables better fuel efficiency during city driving. This is because the engine doesn’t need to rev as high to produce the required power, conserving fuel while maintaining smooth performance in stop-and-go traffic.
• Improved Stability in All-Wheel-Drive Systems: In all-wheel-drive (AWD) or four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles, torque distribution across all wheels enhances stability and control. This is especially important in slippery conditions like snow or rain, where optimal torque application prevents wheel slippage and maintains grip.

Difference Between Power and Torque

Though power and torque are related, they have unique implications on a vehicle’s performance. Understanding these differences can help you choose a car that best suits your needs.

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between power and torque is essential for choosing the right vehicle. Power focuses on speed and acceleration, while torque emphasises strength and versatility. Both play unique roles in a vehicle's performance.

Knowing these metrics matters whether you want to drive fast, tow heavy loads, or explore off-road terrains. Always secure your vehicle and buy car insurance to remain protected from damage, accidents, or theft.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Digital rearview mirrors have emerged as a smart feature that changes how drivers gauge their surroundings. This technology signifies a huge leap from regular rearview mirrors to a combination of mirrors, HD displays, and rear-mounted cameras, giving drivers an excellent view of objects behind the vehicle. Unlike conventional mirror views, which can be obstructed by passengers, cargo, or adverse weather conditions, digital rearview mirrors provide an unobstructed and crystal-clear view of what's behind the vehicle.

Let's explore some of the best cars with digital rearview mirrors.

List of cars with digital rearview mirror

Digital rearview mirrors are advanced systems that not only eliminate blind spots but also perform well in low-visibility situations such as rain, fog, or night driving. They can instantly adjust to changing conditions and remove headlight glare from passing vehicles. This technology allows drivers to switch between the normal mirror and digital display modes.

Here's the list of cars with digital rearview mirror installed:

1.     Land Rover Range Rover

The Range Rover showcases Land Rover's dedication to combining elegance with cutting-edge technology. Its digital rearview mirror technology is a huge improvement in driving aid, and the car's large size and high seating position make the integration of the rearview system even more attractive.

The Range Rover's digital rearview mirror stands out because it compliments its other high-end features. This technology perfectly matches the Range Rover's reputation as a vehicle that excels in urban environments and challenging terrain.

• Engine: 2996 cc - 2998 cc
• Mileage: 10.42 kmpl (Petrol AMT) / 13.16 kmpl (Diesel AMT)
• Power: 346 - 394 bhp
• Ex-showroom Price: Rs.2.40 - 4.98 Cr (approx)

2.     Lexus LM

The Lexus LM brings a fresh viewpoint to the luxury MPV market by adopting digital rearview mirror technology. This function is especially useful for the LM because the privacy screens and fancy rear seats might make it hard to see objects behind the car from the rearview mirror. The digital system ensures drivers are always aware of what's happening around them.

A digital rearview mirror is more than just a safety element in the LM; it's an important part of the luxury element. The system works harmoniously with the vehicle's other advanced features to create a safe driving experience.

• Engine: 2487 cc
• Mileage: 11.5 kmpl
• Power: 190.42 bhp
• Ex-showroom Price: Rs.2.10 - 2.62 Cr (approx)

3.     Land Rover Defender

The Land Rover Defender's digital rearview mirror technology illustrates how new technologies may enhance old off-road skills. The advanced system becomes particularly valuable when the Defender is packed with adventure gear or when standard vision is restricted during intensive off-road moves. The digital mirror's weather-resistant powers perfectly match the Defender's go-anywhere attitude.

Its ability to blend traditional toughness with cutting-edge technology sets the Defender apart. The digital rearview mirror can be especially useful when the vehicle has roof racks, bike cases, or other outdoor items that might block conventional mirror vision. Additionally, the system excels when towing heavy loads or navigating through challenging conditions, offering clear visibility regardless of what's stopping the traditional rearview.

• Engine: 1997 cc - 5000 cc
• Mileage: 6.8 kmpl (Petrol AMT) / 14.01 kmpl (Diesel AMT)
• Power: 296 - 518 bhp
• Ex-showroom Price: Rs.1.04 - 1.57 Cr (approx)

4.     Kia EV9

The Kia EV9 reflects the future of car technology, with its digital rearview mirror system matching its all-electric engine. As a spacious electric SUV, the EV9's adoption of this technology serves functional and stylistic purposes. The system stands out for merging with the vehicle's other electric-focused features. The high-resolution display seamlessly integrates with the EV9's suite of advanced driver assistance systems, providing a unified and futuristic driving experience.

• Range: 561 km
• Power: 379 bhp
• Battery Capacity: 99.8 kWh
• Ex-showroom Price: Rs.1.30 Cr (approx)

Conclusion

As digital rearview technology becomes more common, it will set new standards for safety and convenience in driving. While currently featured mainly in luxury cars, digital rearview mirrors offer clear benefits. Including them shows the automobile industry's commitment to improving overall driving performance. As technology improves, this feature will become more popular in standard cars, improving road safety for everyone.

When investing in a car with high-tech features, it's crucial to protect that investment with comprehensive car insurance that provides coverage in case of accidents, unexpected damage, or theft. Look for car insurance online and opt for a policy that covers the basics and accounts for the advanced features of modern vehicles, including repairs to digital systems and high-tech components.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Driving in poor visibility conditions, such as fog, heavy rain, or snow, can be extremely dangerous. Limited visibility is a leading cause of road accidents. To help improve safety in these conditions, vehicles are equipped with various safety features, and one such important add-on is fog lights. These specialised lights improve visibility in difficult weather conditions.

However, fog lights are often misused by drivers who use them all the time. While others think they are unnecessary. In this guide, we will understand the purpose of fog lights in car, their benefits, the myths surrounding them, and the best practices for using them correctly.

What are fog lights in cars?

Fog lights are an auxiliary vehicle lighting system designed to improve visibility in foggy, misty, rainy, or snowy weather conditions. Unlike regular headlights, which can reflect off fog and create glare, fog lights are positioned lower on the vehicle to cast a wide, horizontal beam closer to the road surface.

Key features of fog lights:

• Low mounting position: Usually installed lower on the front bumper to reduce glare from fog.
• Wide and short beam: The beam is directed downward to light up the road rather than dispersing into the fog.
• Typically yellow or white: These colours reduce glare and penetrate fog, rain, and snow more effectively than standard headlights.
• Separate from standard headlights: Fog lights have a dedicated switch and are not automatically turned on with headlights.
• Available in front and rear: Front fog lights help drivers see better, while rear fog lights make the vehicle more visible to others.

Types of fog lights

The purpose of fog lights

Regular headlights, especially high beams, can reflect off fog, snow, or heavy rain, creating glare and making it harder to see. Fog lights help counter this issue by illuminating the road surface directly. Here are some of its main purposes:

• Foggy conditions: Standard headlights struggle to penetrate dense fog, but fog lights cut through it to reveal the road ahead.
• Heavy rain: During heavy rainfall, fog lights help reduce the reflection off wet surfaces and improve visibility.
• Snowfall: Snowfall can cause light to scatter, making visibility difficult; fog lights help by focusing illumination closer to the ground.
• Dusty environments: Fog lights can help improve visibility while driving in desert areas or construction zones.
• Rural or unlit roads: Some drivers use fog lights on poorly lit roads where standard headlights alone may not be sufficient.

Benefits of fog lights

Installing fog lights in your car provides several benefits, particularly in areas prone to poor weather. Here are some of the benefits of fog lamp in car:

• Improved visibility: They offer a clear view of the road in front of the vehicle in low-visibility conditions.
• Enhanced safety: They help reduce the risk of accidents by improving visibility.
• Reduced glare: Normal headlights cause glare in rain or fog while fog lights light up the path ahead without the risk of creating a glare.
• Better road awareness: Rear fog lights ensure that other drivers can see your car even in dense fog.
• Stylish look: Many vehicles have LED fog lights that enhance the overall aesthetics.

Fog lights common myths

Many misconceptions surround fog lights, which often lead to their misuse. Let's address some of the most common myths.

• Myth 1: Fog lights should be used all the time.

Reality: Fog lights should only be used when visibility is low. Using them unnecessarily can cause glare and make visibility difficult for other drivers.

• Myth 2: Fog lights are as bright as high beams.

Reality: Fog lights have a different beam pattern; they do not project light far ahead but focus on illuminating the road surface.

• Myth 3: Rear fog lights are unnecessary.

Reality: Rear fog lights are crucial for making your vehicle visible to drivers behind you in poor weather conditions.

• Myth 4: Fog lights make your car faster or more powerful.

Reality: Fog lights only affect visibility and safety. They do not improve the car's performance.

• Myth 5: Fog lights can replace headlights.

Reality: Fog lights are supplementary and should never be used as a replacement for standard headlights.

Conclusion

Fog lights are essential for driving in unpredictable weather and poor visibility conditions.  By increasing a car's visibility to other drivers, they lessen glare, increase visibility, and help reduce the risk of accidents. However, incorrectly using LED fog lights for cars can create hazards for other drivers. When used responsibly, fog lights provide added safety and confidence, especially while driving in harsh weather conditions.

It is also important to look for car insurance online and opt for a policy that provides coverage in case of accidents, theft or loss of expensive parts and accessories. Bad weather increases the risk of accidents, so having comprehensive car insurance can help cover damage and repairs.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

A catalytic converter is an important part of a car's exhaust system. The converter helps to reduce the harmful gases that come out of a vehicle's engine, oxidising them into non-toxic by-products making the air safer to breathe. Without a catalytic converter, cars would release more pollution into the environment, posing a threat to both human health and nature.

This blog covers everything from what is a catalytic converter, how it works, and its significance for cars.

What is a catalytic converter in a car?

A catalytic converter is a component of a car's exhaust system designed to convert engine emissions into less hazardous forms before they are released into the atmosphere.

Here are some key facts about catalytic converters:

• Catalytic converters are usually made of stainless steel and contain a ceramic or metal core coated with platinum, palladium, and rhodium (catalysts).
• Converters are located between the engine and the exhaust pipe.
• They work best when the engine is warm, requiring high temperatures to function properly.
• Most modern petrol and diesel cars have a catalytic converter as part of their exhaust system.

Types of catalytic converters:

The purpose of a catalytic converter

A catalytic converter aims to reduce air pollution by reducing harmful car engine emissions. When fuel burns inside an engine, it produces several harmful gases. Without a catalytic converter, these gases would go straight into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution and posing health problems.

Let us understand in detail about what does a catalytic converter do:

• They reduce harmful gases:
  • Carbon monoxide (CO): poisonous and harmful to humans.
  • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) contribute to acid rain and smog.
  • Hydrocarbons (HC) can cause respiratory problems and smog formation.
• They make cars meet legal requirements: In many countries, vehicles must meet strict emission standards. A catalytic converter helps cars pass these tests.
• They contribute to public health: By reducing harmful gases, catalytic converters help prevent breathing problems and other health issues caused by air pollution.

How does a catalytic converter work?

A catalytic converter works through a chemical reaction that transforms harmful gases into less toxic substances. Inside the converter, precious metals act as catalysts to facilitate this process.

The process inside a catalytic converter:

• Hot exhaust gases enter the catalytic converter: These gases include carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
• Chemical reactions occur on the catalyst's surface: The metals inside the converter (platinum, palladium, and rhodium) help quicken the oxidation of harmful gases into safer ones.
• Conversion into less harmful gases:
  • Carbon monoxide (CO) → Carbon dioxide (CO₂) (which is not toxic)
  • Hydrocarbons (HC) → Carbon dioxide (CO₂) + Water (H₂O)
  • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) → Nitrogen (N₂) + Oxygen (O₂) (which are natural parts of the air)
• Clean gases exit the exhaust pipe: The transformed gases are released into the air, reducing pollution and making the emissions safer.

Factors that affect a catalytic converter's performance:

• Temperature: It needs to be hot (around 400-600°C) to work effectively.
• Type of fuel: Unleaded petrol and low-sulphur diesel help keep the converter clean.
• Condition of the engine: A well-maintained engine helps the catalytic converter function properly.
• Contaminants: Lead, oil, or coolant leaks can damage the catalytic converter.

Benefits of a catalytic converter

There are many benefits of catalytic converters, not just for cars but also for the environment and human health.

1. Reduces pollution

• Lowers the emission of harmful gases like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
• Helps maintain air quality standards, especially in cities with heavy traffic.

2. Helps meet legal emission standards

• Most countries have strict laws on vehicle emissions.
• A working catalytic converter ensures that cars comply with environmental regulations.

3. Improves fuel efficiency

• A well-maintained catalytic converter ensures better engine performance, which in turn leads to efficient fuel usage.

4. Reduces the risk of respiratory diseases

• Lower emissions mean fewer harmful gases in the air, reducing the risk of asthma, lung infections, and other respiratory problems.

5. Increases vehicle lifespan

• A working catalytic converter helps maintain the health of the engine and exhaust system.

Conclusion

A catalytic converter is important in reducing harmful emissions, protecting the environment, and ensuring vehicles meet legal standards. Regular car maintenance is important to keep a catalytic converter working properly. Using good-quality fuel, checking for engine issues, and keeping the exhaust system in good condition will help the converter last longer.

Additionally, it is important to consider protection against any unforeseen events. Securing insurance is a great way to ensure safety, and while you look for car insurance online, opt for a comprehensive policy that provides coverage against accidents, theft, damage, repair costs, and even third-party liabilities.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Car headlight technology has advanced significantly in recent times. In newer car models, the traditional halogen bulbs have given way to LED and HID (High-Intensity Discharge) lights. HID headlights are popular for bright illumination, wider coverage, and energy efficiency.

Many luxury cars come with HID headlights because they look sleek and high-tech. The bright white light they produce gives the vehicle a premium, stylish appearance.

In this blog, we’ll cover everything from what are HID headlights, their purpose and benefits, along with tips on what are the best HID headlights for your car.

What are HID headlights in cars?

HID car headlamps produce light using an electrical arc between two electrodes instead of a traditional filament. They are also known as xenon headlights because the arc chamber contains xenon gas, which generates a bright and efficient light output when heated by the electric arc.

How do HID headlights work?

• HID lights produce light by creating an electrical arc between two electrodes mounted in a quartz housing that contains xenon gas and some metallic salts.
• When the gas molecules and salts are heated, plasma produces a powerful light more intense than LEDs or halogen bulbs.
• An electronic ballast in the HID bulb regulates the electrical current needed to maintain a steady light output.

The purpose of HID lights

HID headlights serve multiple purposes:

• Improved night visibility: HID lights produce a brighter and wider beam, making it easier to see objects, road signs, and pedestrians at night. Their bluish-white light resembles natural daylight, reducing eye strain for drivers.
• Enhanced road safety: Since HID lights illuminate more of the road, they help you spot obstacles or hazards much earlier. Other drivers and pedestrians can see your vehicle more clearly, lowering the chances of accidents.
• Energy efficiency: HID headlights use less power than halogen bulbs, reducing the load on a car’s electrical system. They also generate more light per watt, making them an energy-efficient choice.
• Stylish and modern look: HID bulbs do not require elaborate reflective headlight housing, unlike halogen bulbs. This allows auto designers to play with interesting and elegant headlight shapes. Many high-end cars have HID headlights as standard due to their sleek and high-tech appearance. The bluish-white glow adds a premium look to any vehicle.
• Longer lifespan compared to halogen: HID headlights typically last two to three times longer than halogen bulbs, reducing the need for frequent replacements.

Benefits of HID headlights

HID headlights have several advantages over traditional bulbs. Here are some of their key benefits:

• High brightness: HID lamps are much brighter, providing a higher lumen of light compared to halogens. They can light up a wider area, which is useful for driving on dark or rural roads.
• Increased safety: Better visibility means fewer accidents, especially during night driving. Other drivers can spot your car from a greater distance, improving overall road safety.
• Lower power consumption: Unlike halogen bulbs, HID lights use less power, which can improve fuel efficiency in some vehicles.
• Durability and longevity: HID bulbs last around 2,000–3,000 hours, making them a cost-effective option.
• Customisation options: HID headlights come in different colour temperatures, allowing car owners to choose between warm white, pure white, or even bluish tones.

HID headlights: Common myths

There are many misconceptions about what are HID bulbs for cars. Let’s clear up some of the most common myths:

• Myth 1: HID lights are illegal

Fact: Only HID headlights without projectors are unlawful in India.

• Myth 2: HID lights consume more power

Fact: HID headlights are more energy-efficient than halogen bulbs. They produce more light while using less power.

• Myth 3: HID headlights are difficult to install

Fact: Most HID conversion kits are easy to install and have detailed instructions. However, professional installation is advised for best results.

• Myth 4: HID lights blind other drivers

Fact: When installed correctly and aligned properly, HID lights do not blind other drivers. Problems occur when low-quality kits or improper installations cause glare.

• Myth 5: HID lights are only for luxury cars

Fact: HID lights were once exclusive to high-end cars but now are widely available for most vehicles through aftermarket kits. If you want to upgrade your car’s headlights, check if it has projector headlights and not reflector type.

Conclusion

HID headlights have revolutionised automotive lighting with their superior brightness, efficiency, and durability. Compared to traditional halogen lights, they offer better visibility, improved safety, and a stylish look. HID lights are popular among car owners who want to enhance their night driving experience.

As you enjoy the benefits of HID headlights, it is equally important to protect your vehicle with comprehensive insurance that covers expenses incurred in case of accidents, theft, damage, and even third-party liabilities. Look for car insurance online and opt for a policy that financially aids you against any unexpected road hiccups.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Hatchbacks have remained a top choice among Indians due to their affordability, fuel efficiency, and practicality. In a country where narrow roads and traffic congestion are common, these vehicles offer the ideal solution for city driving. With a budget of ₹10 lakh, buyers have access to a wide range of hatchbacks that offer premium features, great mileage, and impressive safety ratings.

List of best hatchback cars under 10 lakh

Here's a list of the best hatchback cars under 10 lakhs.

1. Maruti Suzuki Swift

Maruti Suzuki Swift is India's best automatic hatchback, known for its sporty design, impressive performance, and fuel efficiency. Fourth-generation Swift features a sleek, modern design with a glossy black grille, boomerang DRLs, and C-shaped tail lamps.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹6.49 lakh - 9.64 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1197 cc
• Torque:8 - 111.7 Nm
• Power: 8 - 80.46 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage:8 / 25.75 kmpl
• Fuel: CNG / Petrol

2. Tata Tiago

The Tata Tiago stands out with its bold front grille, LED headlamps, and stylish dual-tone alloy wheels. With a spacious cabin with premium materials, it features a 7-inch infotainment system and a digital instrument cluster. The Tata Tiago is the best hatchback car under 10 lakhs that prioritises safety with dual front airbags, ABS with EBD, and an electronic stability program.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹5 - 8.45 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1199 cc
• Torque: 95 Nm - 113 Nm
• Power:41 - 84.82 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage: 19 - 20.09 kmpl
• Fuel: CNG / Petrol

3. Tata Altroz

The Tata Altroz is a feature-rich hatchback with style, comfort, and advanced safety features. It is considered one of the safest hatchbacks in the segment, boasting a 5-star Global NCAP Safety Rating.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹6.65 lakh - ₹11.30 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1199 cc - 1497 cc
• Torque: 95 Nm - 113 Nm
• Power:49 - 88.76 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage:64 kmpl
• Fuel: CNG / Petrol / Diesel

4. Hyundai i20

Hyundai i20, a stylish and feature-packed automatic hatchback car under 10 lakhs, combines style, performance, and advanced features. This hatchback truly stands out with its new grille, LED headlamps, and stylish alloy wheels. It offers a spacious cabin, a 26.03 cm HD infotainment system, and a premium 7-speaker Bose sound system.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹7.04 lakh - 11.25 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1197 cc
• Torque: 114.7 Nm
• Power: 82 - 87 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage: 16 - 20 kmpl
• Fuel: Petrol

5. Toyota Glanza

With its fuel-efficient engine and feature-rich cabin, the Toyota Glanza offers style and practicality with modern design. It is available in multiple colours and offers a spacious cabin, a 9-inch SmartPlaycast infotainment system, and a heads-up display (HUD).

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹6.90 lakh - 10 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1197 cc
• Torque: 5 Nm - 113 Nm
• Power:43 - 88.5 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage:35 - 22.94 kmpl
• Fuel: Petrol / CNG

6. Renault KWID

The Renault KWID is a perfect entry-level hatchback that combines SUV-inspired styling, high ground clearance, and cost-effectiveness, making it ideal for city driving. The vehicle has 14+ safety features, tyre pressure monitoring system, and front and rear seat belt reminders.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹4.70 lakh - 6.45 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 999 cc
• Torque: 91 Nm
• Power:06 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage: 46 - 22.3 kmpl
• Fuel: Petrol

7. Citroën C3

The Citroën C3 brings bold styling, an SUV-like stance, and a powerful engine, making it one of the most exciting hatchbacks in India. Its features include fog lamps, squared-off tail lamps, a rear bumper-mounted number plate recess, and a spacious cabin with a 10.25-inch infotainment system and practical storage spaces.

• Ex-showroom Price: ₹6.16 lakh - 10.15 lakh (approx.)
• Engine: 1198 cc - 1199 cc
• Torque: 115 Nm - 205 Nm
• Power:46 - 108.62 bhp
• Transmission: Manual / Automatic
• Mileage: 19.3 kmpl
• Fuel: Petrol

Conclusion

Whether it's fuel efficiency, safety, premium features, or sporty performance, your requirements and budget will determine your choice. However, while you look for the perfect hatchback, it is essential to ensure their protection. Look for car insurance online and invest in a policy that provides comprehensive coverage against accidents, theft, or damage to your vehicle. The right insurance protects you from financial stress and covers third-party liability, medical expenses, and even damages caused by vandalism and natural calamities.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Mumbai's bustling streets, monsoon flooding, and long highways require cars that can handle various driving conditions. In 2025, the car market has several choices suitable for Mumbai city driving.

This curated list of the best cars for Mumbai focuses on key factors like manoeuvrability in crowded spaces, fuel economy, practicality, and comfort. Read on for a quick overview of the price, mileage (depending on variant and fuel type), and key features.

List of best cars for Mumbai

You can confidently choose the best car for Mumbai roads from the list below.

1.     Maruti Suzuki Swift

The Swift is the best car on Mumbai's roads as its dimensions make it perfect for navigating crowded streets, while its surprisingly spacious interior offers comfort despite the small footprint. Its quick handling and small turning circle make it useful for navigating the city's narrow roads and securing parking spaces in Mumbai's bustling neighbourhoods.

• Engine: 1197 cc
• Mileage:8 - 25.75 kmpl
• Ex-showroom price: 6.49 - 9.64 Lakh (approx.)

2.     Hyundai Grand i10 Nios

The Grand i10 Nios offers a luxurious feel, making it the best budget car in Mumbai. Its comfortable ride and great noise insulation are helpful in Mumbai's stop-and-go traffic. The smart entertainment system ensures you stay connected during your commute, while its well-tuned suspension effectively absorbs the occasional road imperfections.

• Engine: 1197 cc
• Mileage: 16 - 18 kmpl
• Ex-showroom price: 5.98 - 8.62 Lakh (approx.)

3.     Tata Altroz

With its prestigious 5-star Global NCAP rating, the Altroz stands out as Mumbai's safety winner. Its strong build quality instils trust during Mumbai's intense rainy seasons, while its slightly raised sitting position offers a better vision in traffic. The large boot fits everything from shopping runs to travel bags, making it a flexible partner for different Mumbai lifestyles.

• Engine: 1497 cc (Diesel); 1199 cc (Petrol)
• Mileage: 19 - 26.2 kmpl
• Ex-showroom Price: 6.50 - 11.16 Lakh (approx.)

4.     Honda City

The Honda City offers the right mix of status and utility. It truly shines on Mumbai's major roads and motorways, where its polished ride quality and great NVH levels create a peaceful haven away from the urban chaos. Its ground clearance easily handles most urban obstacles. The CVT variant stands out as one of the best automatic cars in Mumbai, offering smooth and efficient driving in traffic.

• Engine: 1498 cc
• Mileage: 8 - 18.4 kmpl
• Ex-showroom Price: 11.82 - 16.55 Lakh (approx.)

5.     Maruti Suzuki Ciaz

The Maruti Suzuki Ciaz offers premium comfort with an amazing economy. Its standout feature is the vast rear legroom—a treat in space-constrained Mumbai. The Ciaz's balanced suspension soaks up Mumbai's road imperfections without compromise. The roomy trunk fits everything from work bags to weekend trip needs.

• Engine: 1462 cc
• Mileage: 04 - 20.65 kmpl
• Ex-showroom Price: 9.41 - 12.29 Lakh (approx.)

6.     Kia Seltos

With its striking form and tech-rich cabin, the Seltos brings urban elegance to the small SUV market. Its high driving position provides a commanding view of Mumbai's busy streets, while its quick handling defies its SUV proportions. The panoramic sunroof offers a refreshing view of the sky in a city dominated by high-rises.

• Engine: 1493 cc - 1497 cc
• Mileage: 17 kmpl (Petrol) / 20.7 kmpl (Diesel)
• Ex-showroom Price: 11.13 - 20.51 Lakh (approx.)

7.     Hyundai Creta

The Creta perfectly matches SUV status with a city-friendly size. Its automatic version is considered one of the best automatic cars in Mumbai. The Creta's smooth ride quality turns Mumbai's potholed roads into minor problems, while its feature-rich cabin creates a premium refuge from the urban chaos outside.

• Engine: 1482 cc - 1497 cc
• Mileage: 4 - 18.4 kmpl (Petrol) / 19 - 21.8 kmpl (Diesel)
• Ex-showroom Price: 11.11 - 20.42 Lakh (approx.)

8.     Tata Nexon EV

The Nexon EV offers Mumbai's eco-conscious car buyers a sustainable driving future. It has zero engine emissions, and its quick torque delivery provides a distinct edge when pulling into Mumbai's fast-moving traffic. The car's quiet operation creates a calm driving experience, even amidst the hustle and bustle of city life.

• Range: 275 - 489 km
• Battery Capacity: 30 - 46.08 kWh
• Ex-showroom Price: 12.49 - 17.19 Lakh (approx.)

9.     MG Comet

The MG Comet is Mumbai's ideal urban EV, with measurements best suited for congested areas. Its compact size makes it highly mobile in crowded places and offers parking possibilities. The low maintenance translates to significant long-term savings.

• Range: 230 km
• Battery Capacity:3 kWh
• Ex-showroom Price: 7 - 9.81 Lakh (approx.)

Conclusion

Mumbai's unique driving environment demands cars that can adapt to diverse situations—from slow traffic to fast-moving highways. Given the city's diverse terrain and weather conditions, certain preventive measures should be taken to protect your vehicle in case of unforeseen circumstances.

Comprehensive car insurance is a financial buffer from damage, accidents, and theft that protects your vehicle and covers third-party liabilities. A good policy ensures you're safeguarded against legal and medical expenses.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

When purchasing a car, most buyers consider factors like price, mileage, and features. However, resale value is often overlooked. Resale value is an essential consideration for long-term financial planning. Cars with high resale value offer better returns when upgrading or selling.

Several factors influence a vehicle's resale value, including brand reputation, reliability, fuel efficiency, maintenance costs, and demand in the used car market. In India, Maruti Suzuki, Toyota, Hyundai, and Honda are known for producing cars that retain their value well over time. This article includes some of the best car for resale value, focusing on their specifications, engine performance, transmission options, and unique features.

List of best high-resale value cars

Here are some of the best cars with high resale value in India.

1.   Maruti Suzuki Dzire

The Maruti Suzuki Dzire is one of India's most popular compact sedans, known for its fuel efficiency, reliability, and affordability. Its consistent demand in both new and used car markets makes it one of the best cars with good resale value.

Why it has a high resale value:

• Fuel-efficient petrol and CNG options.
• Extensive service network across India.
• Trusted brand reputation of Maruti Suzuki.

2.     Toyota Innova Crysta

The Toyota Innova Crysta is an MPV (Multi-Purpose Vehicle) that enjoys unmatched reliability and comfort, making it a preferred choice for families and commercial fleet operators.

Why it has a high resale value

• Unmatched durability and low maintenance costs.
• High demand in both personal and commercial segments.
• Toyota’s strong reputation for reliability and resale value.

3.     Hyundai Creta

The Hyundai Creta is among the best-selling compact SUVs in India. Known for its modern design, premium features, and multiple engine choices, it holds its resale value exceptionally well.

Why it has a high resale value

• Premium SUV appeal with strong demand in the used car market.
• Multiple engine and transmission options cater to diverse buyers.
• Hyundai’s reliability and resale track record.

4.     Maruti Suzuki Swift

The Maruti Suzuki Swift has been a household name in India for years. It is a fuel-efficient and stylish hatchback that retains a significant portion of its value even after years of use.

Why it has a high resale value

• High demand in urban and rural markets.
• Maruti Suzuki’s affordability and service support.
• Proven reliability and resale strength.

5.     Honda City

The Honda City is a legendary sedan that has been one of the most aspirational cars in its segment. With a premium feel, reliable performance, and smooth CVT gearbox, it remains a sought-after car with the best automobile resale value.

Why it has a high resale value

• Premium appeal and brand trust of Honda.
• Efficient engines and refined performance.
• High demand in the sedan segment.

6.     Mahindra Thar

The Mahindra Thar is an iconic off-road SUV with a loyal customer base. Due to its rugged design, 4x4 capabilities, and lifestyle appeal, it enjoys excellent resale value.

Why it has a high resale value

• Strong interest in both urban and rural markets.
• Mahindra’s reliability and off-road heritage.
• Limited supply ensures high resale demand.

7.     Tata Harrier

The Tata Harrier is a premium mid-size SUV with a bold design and solid road presence. It enjoys high resale value due to its build quality, safety ratings, and feature-rich cabin.

Why it has a high resale value

• High safety ratings (Global NCAP-tested).
• Powerful diesel engine with great highway performance.
• Tata’s rising reputation for quality and reliability.

Conclusion

Choosing the best cars for resale value is a smart financial decision, as it reduces depreciation losses and ensures better returns when selling or upgrading. When buying a new car, it's advisable to consider factors like brand reputation, ease of maintenance, fuel economy, and resale trends.

Another important aspect of maintaining a car's value is having the right car insurance. A comprehensive car insurance policy will cover unexpected costs to repair damages because of accidents, theft, or natural disasters, which helps maintain its resale value. It also provides coverage against third-party liabilities.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

The demand for commercial cars is increasing rapidly every day. The growth is driven by expanding businesses, rising urban transportation needs, and the shift to electric vehicles (EVs). With ride-hailing services, corporate fleets, and logistics sectors booming, selecting the right commercial car is crucial for long-term profitability and efficiency. Factors like fuel efficiency, maintenance costs, seating capacity, and durability play a key role in making the right choice. Whether you need a reliable taxi, a comfortable tourism vehicle, or a high-capacity goods carrier, this article lists India's best commercial cars for 2025.

List of best cars for commercial use

The best commercial cars offer good fuel efficiency, low maintenance costs, and reliability for long-term use. If you're also looking for the best car for commercial use in 2025, check out the list below.

1.     Maruti Suzuki Dzire

The Maruti Suzuki Dzire is a highly popular compact sedan for taxi services due to its excellent fuel economy, comfortable cabin, and affordable maintenance. It is economical for city-based taxi operations and is available in petrol and CNG variants.

• Category: Taxi & ride-hailing
• Price: ₹6.84 lakh – ₹10.19 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 1.2L Petrol / CNG
• Mileage: 24.79 km/l (petrol) | 31.12 km/kg (CNG)
• Seating capacity: 5

2.     Hyundai Aura

The Hyundai Aura is one of the best sedan car for commercial use. It offers good mileage and a stylish design. Its CNG variant reduces fuel costs, making it a great option for ride-hailing services like Uber and Ola.

• Category: Taxi & ride-hailing
• Price: ₹6.54 lakh – ₹9.11 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 1.2L Petrol / CNG
• Mileage: 17 - 21 km/l (petrol) | 22 km/kg (CNG)
• Seating capacity: 5

3.     Toyota Innova Crysta

The Toyota Innova Crysta is a premium MPV and a favourite choice for tourist operators. It is well-known for its spacious interiors, comfortable ride quality, and durable engine, making it ideal for long-distance travel and premium taxi services.

• Category: Tourism & long-distance travel
• Price: ₹19.99 lakh – ₹26.82 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 2.4L Diesel
• Mileage: 13.5 - 15 km/l
• Seating capacity: 7-8

4.     Maruti Suzuki Ertiga

The Maruti Suzuki Ertiga is a budget-friendly MPV suitable for city taxis and outstation travel. Its fuel-efficient engine and comfortable seating make it a cost-effective option.

• Category: Tourism & city taxi
• Price: ₹8.84 lakh – ₹13.13 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 1.5L Petrol / CNG
• Mileage: 20.51 km/l (petrol) | 26.11 km/kg (CNG)
• Seating capacity: 7

5.     Force Urbania

The Force Urbania is a new-age luxury van with premium interiors and advanced safety features. It is designed for premium intercity travel and corporate transport.

• Category: Premium tourism van
• Price: ₹30.51 lakh – ₹37.21 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 2.6L Diesel
• Mileage: 11 km/l
• Seating capacity: 10-17

6.     Tata Ace EV

Tata Ace EV is an electric mini truck ideal for urban logistics and last-mile deliveries. Its running cost is significantly lower than petrol or diesel variants, making it an excellent choice for businesses looking to cut fuel expenses.

• Category: Small goods carrier
• Price: ₹8.72 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: Electric Motor (21.3 kWh battery)
• Range: 154 km per charge
• Payload capacity: 600 kg

7.     Ashok Leyland Saathi

The Ashok Leyland Saathi is a diesel-powered small commercial vehicle suitable for cargo transport. Its durability and high payload capacity make it ideal for small businesses and logistics companies.

• Category: Small goods carrier
• Price: ₹6.50 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: 1.5L Diesel
• Power: 45 hp
• Payload capacity: 1,120 kg

8.     Tata Tigor EV

Tata Tigor EV is a budget-friendly electric sedan suitable for commercial fleet operators. With government subsidies on EVs, it is an attractive option for ride-sharing services.

• Category: Electric taxi & corporate fleet
• Price: ₹12.49 lakh – ₹13.75 lakh (ex-showroom)
• Engine: Electric Motor (26 kWh battery)
• Range: 315 km per charge
• Seating capacity: 5

Conclusion

Choosing the best car for commercial purpose depends on your business needs. The Maruti Suzuki Dzire and Hyundai Aura are great choices for a budget-friendly city taxi. The Toyota Innova Crysta is a reliable tourism and long-distance travel option, while businesses focused on goods transport can consider the Tata Ace EV or Ashok Leyland Saathi. Choosing the right commercial car will help you reduce operating costs, improve efficiency, and maximise profits.

Getting the right car insurance is just as important as choosing the vehicle. Insurance protects you and your car from financial losses in case of accidents, theft, or damage. Many insurance policies also cover third-party liabilities. If you're looking for good car insurance, look for comprehensive policies that offer roadside assistance, passenger coverage, and cashless repairs at authorised service centres.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

Note: The results of Bharat NCAP rating haven't been officially tested or rated yet. The same applies to the Global NCAP rating, which is still pending as of now.

The MG Hector, launched in India in 2019, quickly gained popularity as a top choice in the SUV segment, thanks to its modern design, advanced technology, and competitive pricing. However, despite its popularity, many prospective buyers remain concerned about the vehicle's safety. This makes it essential to understand the MG Hector NCAP rating from both Global NCAP and Bharat NCAP, before purchasing the vehicle. In this blog, we'll dive into the MG Hector safety rating NCAP, its crash test scores and what buyers need to know.

MG Hector: A brief history

MG Motor Company first began its operations in India in 2017. Since then, Hector has become their main model in the Indian market. Classified as a mid-size SUV, the Hector is built on the Baojun 530 platform and is produced locally by MG Motor India. The brand itself is a subsidiary of SAIC Motor, one of the largest automotive manufacturers in China.

MG Hector global NCAP safety ratings

If you want to know MG Hector Global NCAP rating, you need to understand what Global NCAP tests are for. These tests evaluate the safety features for both adult and child occupants in the event of a crash, along with pedestrian safety and the effectiveness of the vehicle's assistance technologies.

As of February 2025, MG Hector crash test ratings from Global NCAP have not been released officially. But back in 2019, Hector got a 3-star score in a Global NCAP crash test, primarily due to 'moderate' protection for adults and 'basic' safety for children. With the safety enhancements introduced in newer models, it's possible that the Hector could perform better if retested.

MG Hector adult occupant protection rating

While Global NCAP has not officially verified this, the MG Hector offers robust protection for adult occupants, including:

• Crush-resistant cabin design to handle crashes.
• It also has airbags in the front and on the sides for head and torso protection.
• Seatbelt pretensioners, which tighten the seatbelts during a collision, reduce the risk of injury.

MG Hector child occupant protection rating

When it comes to child safety, the Hector is equipped with several features to ensure a secure ride:

• It has ISOFIX child seat anchors for secure installation.
• Higher variant models even have airbags in the back seats to keep kids in the back safer.
• The doors and windows have special locks and controls so kids can't open them accidentally.

MG Hector safety features list

The MG Hector safety rating NCAP is influenced by the advanced safety features it offers, including:

• Level-2 Adaptive Cruise Control, lane warnings, crash warnings, and automatic emergency braking
• 360-degree camera for parking assistance
• Hill descent control and traction control
• Six airbags (standard in top variants)
• Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD).
• Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
• High-tensile steel body
• Crash sensor with engine shut-off to help prevent fires or other problems after the accident.

FAQs

Here are the few FAQs answered about the MG Hector plus NCAP rating.

1. Does the MG Hector have a 5 star safety rating?

Official Bharat MG Hector NCAP rating is yet to be released. But, its safety features and structural design indicate that it could get a good safety score.

2. How many airbags does the MG Hector have?

The base variant comes with dual front airbags. But the higher models have up to six airbags for added protection.

3. What are the safety features of the MG Hector?

Key safety features include ABS with EBD, ESP, TPMS, a 360-degree camera and up to six airbags in higher models.

Conclusion

The MG Hector strongly emphasises safety, featuring advanced technologies like Level-2 ADAS, a robust build, and comprehensive airbag coverage. However, it has yet to undergo official testing by Global NCAP or Bharat NCAP. If you're considering purchasing the Hector, weighing its cutting-edge safety features and the absence of independent crash test ratings is important. Despite this, the Hector remains a great option for those who value modern safety systems. To stay safe, car insurance is important, and to further ensure your safety, investing in comprehensive car insurance provides financial protection against unexpected events, covering everything from accidents to theft and natural disasters.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the topic featured in the article. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.

Note: The latest third-generation Honda Amaze has not yet been crash-tested. The results discussed here are for the second generation.

The Honda Amaze is a popular compact sedan in India, known for its stylish design, fuel efficiency and reliability. However, car safety is just as important as performance and looks. A vehicle's safety ratings help buyers understand how well it can protect its passengers in case of an accident.

The Honda Amaze has undergone crash tests by Global NCAP, an organisation that evaluates car safety worldwide. The Honda Amaze NCAP rating is discussed in this blog, focusing on its performance in crash tests and the features that contribute to its safety.

Honda Amaze: A Brief History

The Honda Amaze was launched in India in 2013 as a compact sedan to compete with models like the Maruti Dzire and Hyundai Aura. Over the years, it has evolved with improved technology, design, and safety features. In 2018, the second generation was introduced with enhanced design and safety upgrades. The 2019 South Africa-spec Amaze received a 4-star rating in Global NCAP tests, while the third generation, launched in 2024, brings advanced tech and ADAS but is yet to be crash-tested.

Honda Amaze Global NCAP safety ratings

The Honda Amaze has undergone multiple tests with varying results:

The 2019 model performed better due to the testing standards at the time, whereas the 2024 Honda Amaze global NCAP rating is lower due to stricter protocols that now require additional safety features like electronic stability control (ESC) and six airbags.

Honda Amaze adult occupant protection rating

The adult occupant protection (AOP) rating assesses how well a vehicle protects the driver and the front passenger in a crash.

2019 crash test findings:

• Good protection for the head and neck of both driver and front passenger.
• Adequate chest protection.
• Marginal knee protection.
• The body shell and footwell area were rated as stable.
• Overall rating: 4 stars (14.08/17).

2024 crash test findings:

• The car's structure remained stable, but it lacked advanced safety features like ESC and side airbags.
• Head and neck protection remained good.
• Chest protection was still adequate but lower compared to the 2019 model.
• The absence of additional safety features led to a lower rating.
• Overall rating: 2 stars (27.85/34).

Honda Amaze child occupant protection rating

Child safety ratings in crash tests evaluate how well a car protects children in car seats.

2019 crash test findings:

• ISOFIX child seat anchorages were used for a 3-year-old child, preventing excessive forward movement.
• High loads on the chest and exposure of the head during impact reduced safety.
• The 18-month-old child's seat rotated during impact, exposing the head.
• Overall rating: 1 star (8.16/49).

2024 crash test findings:

• Similar installation of child seats using ISOFIX anchorages.
• The 3-year-old's head made contact with interior parts, reducing protection.
• The 18-month-old child seat failed to prevent ejection, leading to a zero-star rating.
• Overall rating: 0 stars (8.58/49).

Honda Amaze safety features list

The Honda Amaze includes several safety features, but it lacks some modern safety technologies that are now considered essential and have been included in the third generation. The absence of ESC and additional airbags significantly affected the 2024 Honda Amaze crash test rating.

Standard safety features:

• Dual front airbags
• ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) with EBD (Electronic Brake-force Distribution)
• ISOFIX child seat anchorages
• Rear parking sensors
• Seatbelt reminder for all passengers
• High-speed alert system

FAQs

1. Why did the Honda Amaze get a lower rating in 2024 compared to 2019?

The Honda Amaze NCAP rating dropped because Global NCAP updated its test protocols in 2022, adding stricter requirements like side impact tests and mandatory ESC. The Amaze did not meet these new requirements, resulting in a lower rating.

2. Is the Honda Amaze still a safe car?

The Honda Amaze has a stable body shell, but it lacks key safety features like an ESC and additional airbags, making it less safe than newer cars.

Conclusion

The Honda Amaze has seen significant changes in safety ratings over the years. While it performed well in 2019 with a 4-star rating, the 2024 Honda Amaze crash test rating dropped to 2 stars due to stricter testing requirements. In India, third party car insurance is mandatory and covers damages to other vehicles, property or individuals in case of an accident. However, a comprehensive four wheeler insurance is essential as it provides additional coverage for your car, protecting it against damages from accidents, theft, natural calamities and other unforeseen events, ensuring complete financial security.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the topic featured in the article. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.

Have you ever wondered how your car can speed up or slow down smoothly when you press the pedal? The secret lies in the automobile gearbox. It is a crucial component that adjusts the power from the engine to ensure your car moves just as you need it to. It is essential for a smooth ride—helping you change speeds effortlessly. This blog discusses how the gearbox works, its components and the various types that keep vehicles running smoothly.

Car gearbox components

A car gearbox includes several key parts that work together to manage the speed and power of your vehicle. Things you will find inside a gearbox include:

• Clutch shaft: The drive or clutch shaft transfers power from the engine to the gearbox and starts spinning when the clutch engages.
• Counter shaft: This contains various gears and is essential to deliver the torque or turning power to your car's wheels.
• Main shaft: Also known as the output shaft, this shaft is designed with ridges and teeth to ensure smooth gear shifting and transfer the necessary torque to your car.
• Bearings: These help reduce friction by supporting the moving shafts inside the gearbox, making everything run more smoothly.
• Gears: These are crucial for transferring power from one part of the gearbox to another. The effectiveness of the gears depends on their design, which includes the number of teeth and their size.

Car gearbox types

Cars use different types of gearboxes to suit various driving needs and preferences. Here are the various car gearbox types:

• Manual gearbox: This type of gearbox lets the driver pick the gears manually using a gear stick and a clutch. It gives the driver full control over the car's speed and power.
• Automatic gear box: This gearbox automatically shifts gears based on speed and driving conditions, making driving easier by eliminating manual gear changes. Automatic car gear types are convenient as they use a complex system of hydraulics and sensors to ensure smooth gear transitions.
• Continuously variable transmission (CVT): The CVT uses a belt and pulley system that adjusts seamlessly and allows the car to find the best possible power and efficiency at any speed. CVTs provide a smooth, "shiftless" ride, allowing the engine to stay at its most efficient RPM for different driving conditions.
• Dual clutch transmission (DCT): The DCT has two clutches for separate gear sets, enabling quick, smooth shifts without power loss. This type of gearbox combines the efficiency and control of a manual transmission with the convenience of an automatic.

Car gearbox machining processes

Creating parts for a gearbox involves detailed machining processes that ensure high performance and durability. Here’s a quick look at the process:

• Preparation of the gear blank: The first step involves preparing the gear blank. It is typically made from steel, aluminium or powder metallurgy alloys. Shaped to the specifications, it sets the base for further machining.
• Gear cutting: Gear teeth are cut into the blank using hobs or form cutters. Common processes include hobbing (cutting teeth in a spiral motion), milling (removing material with a rotating cutter) and broaching (using a toothed tool for precise, complex shapes).
• Heat treatment (optional): Cut gears may undergo heat treatment to enhance toughness and wear resistance. This involves quenching (rapid cooling after heating) followed by tempering to reduce brittleness.
• Finishing: The next step is finishing. Gears are refined through grinding, honing or lapping to ensure a smooth surface and precise fit with other gear components. Grinding provides high precision and smooth finishes, honing removes small irregularities and smooths the surface of the gears and lapping further refines the surface to improve the fit and finish.
• Inspection and quality control: The final step involves thoroughly inspecting the gears for accuracy in dimensions, tooth profile and overall geometry. Advanced measuring tools and techniques ensure that each gear meets the strict standards required for performance and reliability before assembling them into the gearbox.

Conclusion

The gearbox helps your car shift smoothly and run efficiently. Just as the gearbox must be well-maintained and understood for optimal function, protecting your vehicle with comprehensive car insurance is also essential. Comprehensive car insurance shields you from the financial strain of unexpected repairs or replacements of the gearbox and other critical components. It ensures your vehicle remains in good condition without breaking the bank.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

The Maruti Suzuki Wagon R, affectionately called the "Wagon" by its loyal fans, has become a staple on Indian roads. Known for its practicality, affordability, and iconic design, the Wagon R has earned its place as one of India's most popular compact cars. As it continues to serve millions of drivers, let us look closely at Wagon R safety rating—they will help you understand how well this car protects its passengers.

Wagon R: A brief history

The Maruti Suzuki Wagon R made a striking debut in 1999. The car distinguished itself in the compact car segment of India with its innovative design, which included an airy cabin and good visibility. On top of all these, the Wagon R was accessibly priced and practically designed. It captivated India's growing middle class and sold over a lakh units in its first year. It kept pace with consumer expectations with enhanced design, engine performance and safety standards.

Wagon R global NCAP safety ratings

The Maruti Suzuki Wagon R has recently been scrutinised under the stringent Global NCAP safety tests. These tests measure a vehicle's ability to protect occupants during collisions. Here, it revealed some concerns. The Wagon R earned a 1-star rating of a possible five for adult occupant protection, with a 19.69 out of 34 score. This score indicates the need to improve the car's structural integrity and safety features to meet global expectations.

Wagon R adult occupant protection rating

The Wagon R's structural integrity was questioned during the NCAP safety tests. It showed large weaknesses during high-impact collisions. The absence of vital features like Electronic Stability Control (ESC), which helps prevent accidents by improving vehicle control and reducing skidding, further diminishes the Wagon R car safety rating.

Wagon R child occupant protection rating

The safety of children in the Wagon R is particularly concerning, as evidenced by its 0-star rating and a low score of 3.40 out of 49 in the NCAP tests. ISOFIX anchorages are essential for the secure attachment of child seats in a car. The Wagon R car lacks this, which plays a significant role in this poor rating. The absence of 3-point seat belts in all seating positions jeopardises child safety further. This makes the Wagon R a less favourable option for families with young children.

Wagon R safety features list

Despite the challenges highlighted by the Wagon R crash test rating, the car has several safety features designed to reduce risks and improve passenger protection. They include:

• Dual front airbags: These shield the driver and the front passenger during frontal impacts and help mitigate the risk of severe injuries.
• Anti-lock braking system (ABS) with electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD): This system helps prevent wheel lock-up during emergency braking, allowing the driver to maintain control and minimise skidding. EBD further enhances braking by evenly distributing force across all wheels, improving stability and efficiency during sudden stops.
• Rear Parking Sensors: These alert the driver to potential obstacles behind the vehicle while reversing and help avoid collisions.

FAQs

1. What is the Maruti Suzuki Wagon R safety rating according to recent assessments?

The safety rating of Wagon R, as evaluated by the Global NCAP, is currently a 1-star for adult occupant protection.

2. How does the new Wagon R's safety rating compare to previous models?

The new Wagon R safety rating has remained consistent with previous models. It has no significant improvement in structural safety or added safety features.

3. Can you detail the Maruti Wagon R safety rating improvements needed?

Improvements in structural integrity and the inclusion of advanced safety features like ESC and better child protection measures are essential to improve the Maruti Wagon R safety rating.

4. What is the overall safety rating of the Wagon R for current models?

The overall Suzuki Wagon R safety rating continues to be low. It requires specific advancements in adult and child occupant protections to meet higher safety standards.

Conclusion

The Maruti Suzuki Wagon R remains a popular choice on Indian roads and is valued for its practicality and affordability. However, given its safety ratings, potential buyers must also think about some additional protection. Opting for a comprehensive car insurance policy can significantly mitigate financial risks in the event of an accident. You should also secure third party car insurance covering other vehicles and property damages and safeguarding against unforeseen liabilities.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

The Tata Tigor, a car from the house of Tata Motors, has been making news for its attractive design, cost and safety features. As Indian customers grow increasingly safety-conscious, global NCAP scores have emerged as an accepted standard for judging how well a car protects its passengers. This blog will provide all the important information about the NCAP rating for the Tata Tigor.

Tata Tigor: A brief history

The Tata Tigor, a sleek subcompact sedan, debuted in the Indian automotive market in March 2017. It developed as the sedan counterpart of the successful Tiago hatchback. The Tigor was created under Tata's IMPACT design philosophy to produce visually attractive automobiles.

In 2020, the Tigor underwent a comprehensive redesign with a revised external style, better amenities and BS6-compliant engines. This update helps retain the car's competitiveness in the market. That same year, Tata introduced a factory-fitted CNG variant for budget-conscious and eco-friendly buyers.

Tata Tigor Global NCAP safety ratings

Safety has become a crucial issue for car buyers in India, and Global NCAP (New Car Assessment Program) scores serve as an important standard for judging vehicle safety. The global NCAP rating for Tata Tigor shows Tata Motors' drive to build better cars.

In the 2020 Global NCAP crash tests, the Tigor safety rating is:

• Adult Occupant Protection: 4 stars (12.52 out of 17 points)
• Child Occupant Protection: 3 stars (34.15 out of 49 points)

These scores are based on a thorough testing method that examines a vehicle's ability to protect its passengers in different crash scenarios.

Tata Tigor adult occupant protection rating

The Tata Tigor NCAP rating demonstrated excellent safety for the driver and front passenger heads. The front passenger's chest offers appropriate protection, a positive characteristic of the car's safety architecture.

The knee areas for both the driver and front passenger showed limited protection, with potential impact risks from dashboard items. The Tigor offers acceptable shin protection for the driver and excellent protection for the front passenger. However, the footwell's stability needs improvement.

Tata Tigor child occupant protection rating

Child safety is critical to car design, and the Tigor's 3-star grade suggests good performance. The Global NCAP Tata Tigor tests involved child seats intended for 1.5-year-old and 3-year-old children, which were put in the rear-facing position and fastened with adult safety belts.

The Tigor stopped unnecessary forward movement during a crash in both test situations. The child occupants' chests and heads were also well protected, crucial for reducing harm to young travellers. The tested Tigor lacked ISOFIX anchorages, but they are available in current models.

Tata Tigor safety features list

The following features improve the Tata Tigor safety rating, protecting against crashes and threats:

• Dual front airbags (standard across all versions)
• Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD)
• Rear parking sensors
• Reverse parking camera (on select versions)
• Seat belt warnings for driver and front passenger
• Engine immobiliser to avoid illegal access
• Central locking system with remote keyless entry
• Front fog lamps for better vision in bad weather
• Rear defogger

FAQs

1. What is the Global NCAP grade of Tata Tigor?

The Tata Tigor has earned a 4-star rating for adult occupant protection and a 3-star rating for child occupant protection in Global NCAP crash tests.

2. What safety features are offered in the Tata Tigor?

The Tata Tigor, among other features, is equipped with dual front airbags, ABS with EBD, corner stability control, back parking sensors, a reverse parking camera and seatbelt alerts for the driver and front passenger.

3. What is the price range of the Tata Tigor in 2024?

The Tata Tigor, depending on its version and features, is priced between ₹6.00 lakh and ₹9.50 lakh (ex-showroom).

Conclusion

The Tata Tigor proves Tata Motors' resolve to make better cars for Indian roads. The NCAP rating of Tata Tigor is 4-star for adult passengers and 3-star for kid occupants. The Tigor offers a level of safety that beats many of its competitors in the same price range.

When buying a safety-focused car like the Tata Tigor, it's equally important to protect your investment with comprehensive car insurance, which provides financial security against damage, theft and third-party claims. Purchasing car insurance online allows easy policy comparison, with many insurers offering special rates for safer cars.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.  

The Maruti Suzuki S-Cross, a luxury crossover SUV, made its mark in the Indian market with its stylish design, roomy cabins and reliable performance. Launched in 2015, it was Maruti’s entry into the luxury market, sold primarily through NEXA stores. This blog will study the Maruti Suzuki S cross safety rating, its protection features and how it fares regarding passenger security.

Disclaimer: The Maruti Suzuki S-Cross was discontinued in India in 2022. However, the information in this blog represents the vehicle’s safety scores and features during production.

S Cross: A brief history

The Maruti Suzuki S-Cross is a luxury crossover SUV that marked Maruti’s entry into the premium car segment and was originally sold through the NEXA store chain. The S-Cross was created to combine an SUV-like style and the hatchback's convenience, making it a popular choice among Indian buyers.

Over the years, the S-Cross has experienced multiple updates, including form changes and BS6-compliant engine improvements. However, one of its major highlights is its safety features, which have won impressive crash test scores.

S Cross Global NCAP safety ratings

The Maruti Suzuki S cross Global NCAP rating isn’t available as the ASEAN NCAP tested it as part of its safety review for the Southeast Asian market. It earned a 5-star safety grade, showing its great build quality and passenger security.

Key highlights of the Maruti S Cross safety rating:

• Adult Occupant Protection: 5 stars
• Child Occupant Protection: 4 stars
• Crash Test Speed: 64 km/h
• Structural Integrity: Stable

The 5-star grade is a testament to the car’s internal safety and effective restraint systems, which provide improved rider protection in an accident.

S Cross adult occupant protection rating

In ASEAN NCAP tests, the S-Cross showed good results in adult passenger safety. During the frontal collision test, the driver's and passenger's chest and head parts showed good safety levels. Safety information for adult occupants:

• Frontal Impact: Effective head and neck safety.
• Side Impact: The car showed good safety for the chest and hips.
• Seatbelt Pretensioners: Helped reduce forward movement during crashes.
• Airbags: The dual front airbags avoided direct head impact with the dashboard.

The S-Cross's stable body shell improved the vehicle's total crashworthiness, improving its adult passenger protection grade.

S Cross child occupant protection rating

The S-Cross did well in both NCAP tests regarding child safety. The Suzuki S cross safety rating was 4-star for child passengers. Child safety highlights:

• ISOFIX Child Seat Anchors: The S-Cross is equipped with ISOFIX mounts, providing safe fitting of child seats.
• Crash Test Dummies: The kid dummies, simulating a 3-year-old and 18-month-old, were well protected and low impact force was recorded during the crash.
• Seatbelt Restraints: Proper seatbelt attachment ensured lessened movement of child seats.

The vehicle’s general design promises a lessened effect on child riders, making it a family-friendly choice.

S Cross safety features list

The Maruti Suzuki S-Cross has a range of safety measures that add to its good safety scores. Here are some of the key safety features:

Active Safety Features:

• ABS with EBD: Enhances stopping efficiency and steadiness.
• Hill Hold Assist: Prevents the car from rolling backward on inclines.
• Brake Assist: Helps apply maximum stopping force during situations.

Passive Safety Features:

• Dual Front Airbags: Protect the driver and front passenger during direct crashes.
• ISOFIX Child Seat Anchors: Ensure safe and secure fitting of child seats.
• Front Seatbelt Pretensioners and Load Limiters: Reduce seatbelt slack during collisions, keeping riders firmly secured.
• High-Tensile Steel Frame: This reinforces the car’s frame, improving crash safety.

FAQs

1. Is the S-Cross a safe car?

Yes, the Maruti Suzuki S cross NCAP rating is 5-star from ASEAN NCAP, making it one of the best cars in its class.

2. Does the S-Cross have side airbags?

No, the S-Cross comes with dual front airbags only.

3. Does the S-Cross offer kid car anchors?

Yes, the S-Cross is equipped with ISOFIX child seat mounts, providing safe and secure fitting of child seats.

4. Is the S-Cross safe for highway driving?

The stable body shell, ESP and ABS make the S-Cross safe for highway driving. It also provides good handling and stopping performance, even at high speeds.

Conclusion

The Maruti Suzuki S-Cross is a safe and reliable crossover SUV, providing excellent safety for people and children. S cross safety rating shows its strength in crash safety and passenger security.

While the S-Cross's amazing safety features offer peace of mind, combining these with comprehensive four wheeler insurance is important for full protection. Third party car insurance is required in India and covers losses to other vehicles or property in a crash. However, owners should consider a comprehensive insurance plan that protects against theft, natural disasters and car damage.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the Insurance industry and products. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.