The gallbladder is the storehouse of concentrated bile before passing into the intestine. Bile plays a pivotal role in the absorption of fats and the excretion of excess cholesterol. Obesity, gallstones, and the habit of smoking aid in the formation of cancerous cells in the gallbladder, leading to gallbladder cancer. Gallstones are present in almost 80% of the patients diagnosed with gallbladder cancer. India witnesses around 10% of the global incidences of gallbladder cancer, making it crucial to seek timely gallbladder cancer treatment. In this article, we’ll explore different treatment options for this disease.

Treatment of Gallbladder Cancer

A mix of treatment modalities is required to stop the cancerous cells from multiplying. Gallbladder cancer treatment depends on the stage of the cancer and revolves around surgery.

• In the early stages, radical cholecystectomy completely removes the gallbladder along with the lymph nodes surrounding it. A specified area of the liver surface also needs surgical removal. However, relatively few patients are diagnosed with stage 1 cancer. Even those who undergo resection have a chance of recurrence of cancer.
• In stages 2 and 3, cancer begins to infiltrate the liver and adjacent nodes. Chemotherapy slows cell multiplication after surgery in such circumstances. Chemotherapy involves the administration of certain drugs to kill cancerous cells. If the gallbladder is unresectable, both radiotherapy and chemotherapy are required. In radiotherapy, a beam of X-rays is directed toward the affected area to kill cells and shrink tumours. Radio-sensitisers increase the intensity of rays and accelerate the damage to cancerous cells.
• In the advanced or metastatic stage, cancer starts spreading in the lungs and bones. The primary treatment for this stage is chemotherapy and immunotherapy. A positive result in Microsatellite Instability (MSI) screening indicates the need for immunotherapy. It prepares our immune system to fight against cancerous cells. Most gallbladder cancers are diagnosed at the advanced stage only. Unfortunately, the prognosis and survival rate at this stage are poor.
• In cases where open surgeries are not viable, laparoscopy and robotic surgeries work wonders. These are non-invasive methods to treat cancer and reduce patient trauma to a great extent. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery include minimal blood loss, early recovery, and reduced hospitalisation time.
• Palliative surgeries to relieve the symptoms include biliary bypass, endoscopic stent placement, and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). Biliary bypass lets the bile pass if a tumour is obstructing its passage. If the bypass doesn't yield results, a stent placed through a catheter in the gallbladder allows the bile to flow out of the body in a bag. If stent placement in the gallbladder is not possible, it is directed towards the liver so that bile drains into the intestine or a bag outside the body.
• Targeted drug therapy identifies and kills specific cancer cells. Certain molecules and immunised antibodies serve this purpose. Multiple drugs are under investigation to make the treatment successful.

Food travels from the mouth and reaches the stomach via the esophagus or food pipe. Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption promote the growth of malignant cells in the esophagus. Esophageal cancer can develop either on the lower or upper surface. Adenocarcinoma starts in the mucus-producing glands at the bottom of the esophagus, which is closer to the stomach. Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the upper esophagus. Trouble swallowing food, chronic chest pain, and a persistent hoarse voice indicate serious complications. A mix of Esophageal cancer treatment modalities is required to deal with the tumours. 

Treatment of Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer treatment depends on the stage, much like cancer in other organs. Esophageal cancer tends to spread along the entire oesophagus if not diagnosed in the early stages. 

• In the primitive stages, endoscopy helps remove minute tumours in the esophagus.
• Stage 1 cancer is treated primarily with surgery.
• In stages 2 and 3, cancer infiltrates deeper layers of the esophagus and lymph nodes in the adjoining area. Chemotherapy, radiation, followed by surgery aid in the treatment. During esophagectomy, the affected portion of the esophagus is dissected, along with the upper part of the stomach and surrounding lymph nodes. The stomach is treated as the new tube to reconnect to the remaining part of the upper esophagus.
• In the advanced or metastatic stage, cancer spreads away from its initial site. It can reach the lungs, liver, and even the bones. The primary mode of treatment for this stage is chemotherapy, while radiation provides symptomatic benefits. Potential side effects of chemotherapy include increased hair loss and an enhanced risk of infection. Targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy have proven to be beneficial at this stage.
• Docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy is particularly useful in treating squamous cell carcinoma. However, the side effects of this regimen include febrile neutropenia, appetite loss, constipation, and fatigue.
• Laparoscopy and robotic operations work effectively when open surgeries are not an option. These are non-invasive methods to treat esophageal cancer.
• Radiotherapy is particularly beneficial for the treatment of the upper esophagus. In radiotherapy, a beam of high-intensity rays is directed towards the affected area to shrink tumours. It is a viable option for patients surgically unfit for operations in the lower and middle esophagus. Side effects include damage to the nearby organs and difficulty swallowing.
• Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, when performed in isolation, result in poor survival rates. Neoadjuvant therapy usually combines radiotherapy and chemotherapy to kill cancerous cells. It improves the survival rate by 3–5 years.
• Palliative surgeries to relieve the symptoms include esophageal stenting and jejunostomies. Esophageal obstruction is relieved via the insertion of a stent. In jejunostomy, a tube is inserted in the lumen of the jejunum to provide the required nutrition.

Penile cancer refers to the cancer of the penis in males. It is a rare form of cancer whose incidence rate varies significantly depending upon various factors. It is more common in less developed countries than in developed countries. Fortunately, there are several treatment options available for those who have been diagnosed with this cancer. In this article, we'll discuss the different forms of penile cancer treatment. Understanding these treatments better gives you more confidence as you approach your next steps towards beating this disease.

Treatment of Penile Cancer

The penile cancer treatment approach majorly depends on the stage of the cancer and the time of diagnosis.  The following treatment options are recommended: 

• Surgical management of penile cancer: Surgery is often the mainstay of penile cancer treatment, provided the cancer is still in the primary stage. This method has proven to give rapid definitive results with a low recurrence rate. Depending upon the stage of the disease, organ sparing and glan-sparing surgery is done. Moh’s microsurgery is performed to remove small-sized tumours in layers. Limited excision and laser ablation of penile lesions are also done wherever feasible. Advanced-stage penile cancer treatment includes more extensive surgical procedures and total penectomy (removal of part of or entire penis) if needed. In advanced-stage patients, penile cancer cells spread to the neighbouring lymph nodes. Thus, surgery is also performed to manage those lymph nodes. 

• Radiation therapy: In this therapy, high-energy X-rays and other radiations are used to destroy cancer cells or limit the growth of the tumour. It can be given as external radiation therapy from outside the body or as internal radiation therapy, where radiation is targetted within the body.     

• Medication: Anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drugs are used to either destroy the cancer cells or to stop them from dividing. The drugs can be given either orally or through an injection afterwards, as they reach the cancer cells via the bloodstream. Medicated creams are also available to be applied topically to the skin. The method of administration of the chemotherapeutic drug depends upon the stage of penile cancer.

• Cryotherapy: This is also known as cryosurgery, where the cancerous cells are removed by freezing and excising them via a special instrument.   

• Immunotherapy: Immune modulating agents that strengthen the immune system to fight cancer are used in immunotherapy. 

• Future therapies: Therapies like radiosensitisation can be employed, which is a technique where specific drugs are used to sensitise cancer cells to radiotherapy for better outcomes. Similarly, sentinel lymph node biopsy can be done to improve surgical treatment outcome. 

While we rarely think of what health issues could potentially impact us, cancer remains one of the scariest diagnoses one could receive. In particular, anal cancer is a disease that affects many each year, yet it seldom receives the awareness and discussion that other common cancers do. Though the topic may seem uncomfortable or taboo to some, bringing awareness can hopefully help lessen the stigma and empower those undergoing anal cancer treatment to feel less alone in their journey. So, let's dive into a brief overview of the various approaches to treatment.

Treatment For Anal Cancer 

Some of the main anal cancer treatment options are as follows: 

• Chemotherapy. 

Chemotherapy treats cancer with the help of strong medications. Some are injected in a vein, and others come in the form of pills. These drugs help destroy the rapidly growing cancer cells in the body.

• Radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams- X-rays, protons, or other sources- to destroy the cancer cells. The beams are projected to specific points in the body to kill the cells.

• Surgery

Surgery might be used to treat anal cancer in certain situations, especially if radiation or chemotherapy don’t work. These surgical procedures might include:

• Surgery for very small anal cancers. 

Some very small anal cancers are treated with surgery alone. The surgeon removes the tumor and some of the healthy tissue around it to ensure that all the cancer cells are removed from the body. It is uncommon and can only be done when the cancer is very small. Depending on the cancer, chemotherapy and radiation after surgery also may be recommended.

• Surgery for cancer that hasn't responded to other treatments. 

If the cancer remains after chemotherapy and radiation, your doctor may recommend abdominoperineal resection, also called APR. During APR, the surgeon removes the anal canal, rectum, and part of the colon. The surgeon then attaches the remaining portion of your colon to an opening in your abdomen called a stoma. A colostomy bag is placed for the rest of the patient's life, and the waste is collected. 

Treatments For Cancer That Has Spread

Other kinds of treatments are required if the anal cancer moves to the other part of the body. Such treatments may include.

• Chemotherapy alone. Chemotherapy medicines can control the growth of cancer cells throughout the body.

• Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses medicine to help the immune system destroy cancer cells. It assists the immune system cells in identifying and destroying cancer cells. It might be used only under very specific conditions. 

• Palliative care

Palliative care is an exceptional form of medical service that assists you with feeling improved. When you have a disease, palliative consideration can help with easing stress and different side effects. The group will likely work on personal satisfaction for yourself and your loved ones.

Affecting the cervix, a study found India to have the largest number of cervical cancer cases in Asia. Caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) virus, an essential part of cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment is understanding its symptoms. What are these? Let’s find out.

Cervical Cancer Symptoms

In its early stages, cervical cancer doesn’t have any symptoms. They become visible only at a later stage. Also, most symptoms can be easily mistaken for conditions like urinary tract infections and menstrual periods. The typical symptoms of cervical cancer are as follows:

● Unusual bleeding

Abnormal bleeding occurring between regular menstrual periods after intercourse or post-menopause is an indicator of cervical cancer. While bleeding during a regular menstrual cycle is normal, frequent intermenstrual bleeding warrants investigation. Also, recurrent bleeding after sexual activity can indicate abnormalities or cancerous growth. At the same time, post-menopausal bleeding is abnormal and should be promptly investigated.

● Vaginal discharge (watery and bloody) with a foul smell

This is another symptom of cervical cancer. If you notice this type of discharge, it can indicate several possible issues within the cervix, one of which is the presence of abnormal cells with cervical cancer. Note that cervical cancer develops from precancerous changes in the linings of the cells in the cervix.

The medical terms doctors use to describe them are cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), and dysplasia. Watery and bloody discharge accompanied by a foul smell may occur as a result of tissue breakdown within the cancerous growth.

● Pain in the pelvis

Another symptom of cervical cancer is pain in the pelvis. This pain can manifest in various ways and intensities depending on the stage and progression of the disease. The pain develops gradually and becomes more noticeable over time with the progression of the cancer. Its intensity may be mild to severe.

● Pain during intercourse

Cervical cancer can cause discomfort or pain during intercourse. This can happen because of physical changes in the cervix or pelvic region caused by the cancer. As the cancer spreads, it can lead to distortion in the vaginal canal, causing pain. Cancerous growths can also affect the nearby nerves, leading to pain and discomfort.

Women's health and wellness have long been overlooked and undervalued. But issues related to the female reproductive system are so important. One concerning health problem that can impact this vital system is cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a chronic disease that affects the lower part of the uterus in women all around the world. It can be an incredibly aggressive form of cancer if not caught early enough and treated properly. Thankfully, there has been a lot of research focused on understanding how cervical cancer develops and progresses, as well as treatments available to manage or cure it. In this article, we're going to look at different forms of cervical cancer treatment.

Treatment of Cervical Cancer

Each method of cervical cancer treatment offers a unique approach to combating the disease. These include:

• Surgery: This involves doctors surgically removing the cancer and the surrounding tissue. Before surgery, doctors first take a small piece of tissue for testing through a surgical procedure called a biopsy, which is generally the main way that cancer is detected. Various extensive procedures, such as a hysterectomy (taking out the uterus), may be used to remove cervical cancer. 

• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of antineoplastic drugs to treat cancer or the use of a combination of these medications for a cytotoxic standardised treatment regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with with the intent to cure, or it may aim to prolong life or alleviate symptoms.

• Radiation Therapy: This therapy uses high-energy rays similar to X-rays to kill cancer cells. It is a focused beam taking out only the cells that have been touched. Radiation therapy can be either external, which is where a machine outside of the body is used or internal, which is where a radioactive substance is placed into the body and comes in contact with the cancer cells.

Deciding on the best treatment for you can be challenging. Consult your oncologist about the available treatment options tailored to your specific cancer type and stage. Your doctor will provide a comprehensive understanding of each treatment's advantages, disadvantages, and potential side effects. Side effects refer to how your body reacts to medications or alternative therapies.

Heart failure, a chronic condition where the heart struggles to pump blood effectively, necessitates a multifaceted treatment approach. This complex condition demands a comprehensive strategy involving lifestyle modifications, medications, and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. The blogs provide valuable insights into the diverse heart failure treatment modalities available, offering a nuanced perspective on managing heart failure. The treatment landscape is dynamic, from medications targeting specific symptoms to surgical procedures addressing underlying issues. 

Treatment of Heart Failure

Doctors use the following medications for heart failure treatment, including:

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: It relaxes blood vessels, lowers blood pressure, improves blood flow, and decreases strain on the heart. Examples include enalapril (Vasotec) and lisinopril (Zestril).
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): They provide benefits similar to ACE inhibitors and may be an option for those unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors. Examples include losartan (Cozaar) and valsartan (Diovan).
• Angiotensin receptor plus neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs): It combines two blood pressure drugs, sacubitril-valsartan (Entresto), to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
• Beta-blockers: They slow heart rate, lower blood pressure, reduce heart failure symptoms, and enhance overall heart function. Examples include carvedilol (Coreg) and metoprolol (Lopressor).
• Diuretics: They increase urine production to prevent fluid buildup in the body and decrease fluid in the lungs. Examples include furosemide (Lasix) and spironolactone (Aldactone).
• Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors: Originally for diabetes, these medicines, like canagliflozin (Invokana), show effectiveness in heart failure treatment, reducing hospital stays and mortality risk.
• Digoxin (Lanoxin): It enhances the heart's pumping ability and slows the heartbeat. It's used for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and may be prescribed for those with atrial fibrillation.
• Hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate (BiDil): It relaxes blood vessels and may be added to the treatment plan for severe heart failure symptoms.
• Vericiguat (Verquvo): An oral soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator approved for chronic heart failure, reducing hospital stays and heart disease-related deaths.
• Positive inotropes: Administered intravenously in severe heart failure cases to improve the heart's pumping ability and maintain blood pressure.
• Potassium-sparing diuretics: Spironolactone (Aldactone) can preserve potassium levels.

Here are some surgeries that doctors recommend for heart failure treatment, including:

• Coronary bypass surgery: Addresses severely blocked arteries contributing to heart failure.
• Heart valve repair or replacement: Targets damaged heart valves causing heart failure.
• Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD): Monitors and corrects dangerous heart rhythms to prevent complications.
• Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT): Coordinates lower heart chambers' pumping in people with asynchronous contractions.
• Ventricular assist device (VAD): Supports blood pumping and is often used as a bridge to heart transplant.
• Heart transplant: Reserved for severe cases where surgery and medications are ineffective, replacing the heart with a healthy donor organ.

Rectal cancer, a formidable adversary, necessitates a nuanced approach to treatment. This exploration delves into the multifaceted strategies employed against rectal cancer. As we navigate the complexities of rectal cancer treatment, it's imperative to understand the diverse modalities available, ranging from surgery to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy, immunotherapy, and supportive palliative care.

Treatment of Rectal Cancer

Rectal cancer demands a nuanced and comprehensive approach to treatment, combining various modalities to address the unique characteristics of each case. 

• Surgery

Surgery plays a pivotal role in rectal cancer treatment, and the choice of procedure depends on factors such as cancer size, location, and the overall health of the patient.

1. Transanal Local Excision: Ideal for very small rectal cancers involving the use of a colonoscope or specialised scope through the anus for non-aggressive tumours unlikely to spread.
2. Low Anterior Resection: Removes larger rectal cancers while preserving the anus. The specific procedure varies based on the location of the cancer.
3. Abdominoperineal Resection (APR): Recommended for rectal cancers near the anus, removing the rectum, anus, and part of the colon, often requiring a colostomy.

• Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is deployed at various stages in rectal cancer treatment to eradicate remaining cancer cells and mitigate recurrence risks. Administered post-surgery to eliminate residual cancer cells. Combined with radiation therapy pre-surgery to shrink larger tumours, making them easier to remove. Provides symptom relief in cases of unresectable or metastatic rectal cancer.

• Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy utilises high-energy X-rays and protons to target and destroy cancer cells. It is often combined with chemotherapy for enhanced effectiveness. Administered post-surgery to eradicate any remaining cancer cells or pre-surgery to reduce tumour size, facilitating a less invasive procedure.

• Chemoradiotherapy

This integrated approach increases the vulnerability of cancer cells to radiation, often employed in cases of larger tumours or those at a higher risk of recurrence. Administered before surgery to make a less invasive procedure possible. It is recommended post-surgery if there's an increased risk of cancer recurrence.

• Targeted Drug Therapy

Targeted drug therapies focus on specific abnormalities within cancer cells, inducing cell death. These are typically reserved for advanced rectal cancer cases and are often combined with chemotherapy.

• Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy mobilises the body's immune system to fight cancer. While generally reserved for advanced cases, it represents a promising avenue for cases where cancer cells have managed to evade immune detection.

• Supportive (Palliative) Care

Palliative care, focusing on symptom relief and improving quality of life, is integral. This interdisciplinary approach involves a team of healthcare professionals providing support alongside curative treatments.

Tongue cancer is a form of oral cancer that necessitates a multi-faceted treatment approach due to its varied manifestations. The tongue cancer treatment plan is intricately tailored to factors like cancer size, location, and the patient's overall health. Techniques such as transoral surgery, neck dissection, and reconstructive surgery highlight the sophistication of contemporary interventions. The integration of immunotherapy and participation in clinical trials demonstrates the dynamic nature of ongoing advancements. This blog will delve into the diverse treatments available for tongue cancer.

Treatment of Tongue Cancer

Many healthcare providers perform various surgeries for tongue cancer treatment, including:

• Glossectomy

The most common surgical procedure involves removing some or all of the tongue, known as a glossectomy. The extent depends on the size of the cancer, and a margin of healthy tissue is removed to eliminate all cancer cells.

• Transoral Surgery

In cases where cancer is in the throat, tools are inserted through the mouth, and transoral robotic surgery may be utilised for hard-to-reach areas.

• Neck Dissection

If cancer has spread to lymph nodes, a neck dissection involves surgically removing nodes for testing, helping determine the need for additional treatments.

• Post-Surgery

Reconstruction may be necessary when facial, jaw, or neck parts are removed during surgery. Healthy tissue from other body areas replaces gaps left by cancer, aiding in functional restoration.

Your healthcare provider may also provide these tongue cancer treatment  options, including:

• Radiation Therapy

Powerful energy beams, often X-rays or protons, target and kill cancer cells. Used as the primary treatment for tongue cancer or post-surgery to eliminate remaining cells. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be administered concurrently, especially when treating areas like lymph nodes affected by cancer spread.

• Chemotherapy

Administered before surgery to control cell growth or after surgery to eradicate residual cells. Often used simultaneously with radiation therapy to enhance efficacy.

• Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy employs drugs that attack specific chemicals in cancer cells, inducing cell death. It is effective in treating recurrent or metastatic tongue cancer.

• Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy enhances the body's immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells. Employed in advanced cases where conventional treatments prove less effective.

• Clinical Trials

Clinical trials offer participants access to novel treatments, presenting opportunities to explore innovative therapies and contribute to medical advancements.

A condition characterised by elevated blood sugar levels, diabetes mellitus is caused by various factors, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, environmental influences, autoimmune responses and insulin-related issues. To control blood sugar levels and prevent this disease, diabetes mellitus treatment takes an extensive approach including medication, insulin treatment, lifestyle changes and routine monitoring. The goal of individualised care plans is to keep patients' blood sugar levels at optimal ranges to reduce risks and improve their general health and well-being.

What is the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Disease?

Diabetes mellitus treatment involves the following approach:

1. Blood Glucose Control:

• The goal of managing diabetes is to keep blood glucose levels close to normal, which is essential for preventing complications, particularly heart and peripheral artery illnesses.

2. Control of Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: 

• In addition to glucose, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol is essential for treating diabetes holistically and lowering cardiovascular risks.

3. Diet and Exercise:

• Effective management of diabetes often involves a balanced diet tailored to regulate blood sugar levels and a consistent exercise regimen, essential for controlling the condition and maintaining overall health.

4. Insulin Therapy: 

• Delivered through insulin injections or insulin pumps, insulin therapy is crucial for type 1 diabetes and occasionally for type 2. 

• Rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting insulin are among the varieties; doses are customised based on circumstances.

5. Oral Medications: 

• Advised when blood sugar management is not achieved only by lifestyle modifications.
• These medications improve the efficiency of natural insulin, decreasing the generation of sugar, increasing the production of insulin or limiting the absorption of sugar. 
• They can be used with insulin or without it.

6. Blood Sugar Management and Other Treatment Options:

• Carbohydrate counting remains a crucial practice for managing blood sugar levels in type 1 diabetes, while in severe cases, doctors may consider pancreas or islet cell transplants as potential options for treatment

7. Customised Care: 

• Physicians adjust insulin dosages depending on each patient's unique requirements and reaction, considering variables such as body weight, meal timings, frequency of activity, and endogenous insulin production.

8. Patient Responsibilities: 

• Self-care is essential; people should adhere to regular schedules that include blood pressure checks, food modifications, exercise, weight control, stress reduction and medication compliance.

9. Regular Monitoring: 

• Frequent check-ups with a doctor to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, requiring modifications to medication or lifestyle as needed to provide the best possible control of diabetes and a decrease in complications.

Ever wondered about what is 80D in income tax or whether health insurance premium is tax deductible? Well, Section 80D — your health insurance premium — is not just a health guard but also a smart tax-saving tool. Let’s look at the benefits of turning premiums into tax deductions.

Tax Rebate on Health Insurance

Understanding the often-asked question “Is health insurance tax deductible?” along with the tax benefits of health insurance under Section 80D of the Income Tax Act offers significant financial advantages for you as a policyholder. This section enables you to claim deductions on premiums paid for health insurance policies covering you and your family. Let’s understand about all of these in detail.

• Tax Deductibility: Premiums paid for health insurance qualify for tax deductions. This effectively reduces the policyholder's taxable income.

• Eligibility: This tax benefit does not apply to the individual policyholders alone. It also extends to their immediate family members and dependent parents.

• Senior Citizen Benefits: Acknowledging the increased medical expenses often incurred by older adults, the Act provides higher deduction limits for senior citizens.

• Coverage for Critical Illness & Check-ups: The tax benefits are inclusive, and they cover additional costs for critical illnesses and preventive health check-ups.

• Inclusive of HUFs and NRIs: The benefits under Section 80D are not applicable only to resident individuals. For instance, even Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs) and Non-resident Indians (NRIs) can also claim the available deductions.

• Variable Deduction Limits: The deduction limits under this provision range from ₹25,000 to ₹1,00,000, and it depends on the age of the insured and beneficiaries.

• Payment Compliance: Your mode of payment for these premiums is important since it affects your eligibility for tax deduction. Cash payments are generally ineligible for deductions.

• Documentation for Claims: Correct documentation is required for anyone to take advantage of these tax breaks. You must save all receipts and proofs of payment in order to collect the deductions.

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease that impact the body's ability to produce or use insulin. The main causes of this chronic illness include obesity, poor lifestyle choices, genetic susceptibility and insufficient physical exercise. Knowing the many contributing factors of diabetes mellitus causes can help with preventative efforts and all-encompassing treatment plans for this common and possibly crippling condition.

What are the Causes of Diabetes Mellitus Disease?

Following are some of the main reasons for what causes diabetes mellitus:

• Diabetes mellitus stems from an intricate imbalance in insulin function within the body. Insulin, pivotal for transferring sugar from blood to cellular storage, becomes deficient or is ineffectively used in diabetes. 
• This leads to elevated blood sugar levels, affecting organs like the kidneys and eyes and potentially proving fatal. 
• Diabetes causes are often associated with hormonal shifts that disrupt insulin production or function. Other contributing factors include excess weight, particularly abdominal fat, which can lead to insulin resistance, a key factor in Type 2 diabetes.
• Also, diabetes mellitus is caused by sedentary lifestyles that significantly contribute to the onset and progression of this chronic metabolic disorder, impacting insulin regulation and systemic health.
• A family history of diabetes and certain genes that are sometimes passed down can make a person more likely to develop diabetes.

As individuals agе, thеir hеalthcarе nееds еvolvе, nеcеssitating spеcialisеd insurancе covеragе. In India, thе Sеnior Citizеn Mеdiclaim Policy is an insurancе solution tailorеd to address thе distinct health concerns of еldеrly citizеns. 

This specially designed health insurance plan for people over 60 offers multiple benefits, including pre-existing disease coverage, preventive health check-ups, and cashless hospitalisation.

Sеnior Citizеn Mеdiclaim Policy

Listed below are some benefits of senior citizen mediclaim policies:

Tailorеd Covеrage - Mediclaim for senior citizens catеr to thеir uniquе hеalthcarе, considеring agе-rеlatеd ailmеnts and mеdical еxpеnsеs.

Highеr Sum Insurеd - Providеs substantial covеragе to mееt potential high mеdical costs associatеd with agе-rеlatеd illnеssеs and trеatmеnts.

Prе-еxisting Conditions - Oftеn covеrs prе-еxisting conditions, offеring a safеty nеt for hеalth issuеs that may havе dеvеlopеd ovеr timе.

Rеnеwal Bеnеfits - Gеnеrally offеrs lifеlong rеnеwability, еnsuring continuous covеragе for sеnior citizеns without agе-rеlatеd rеstrictions.

Cashlеss Hospitalisation - Facilitatеs cashlеss hospitalisation, rеducing financial burdеns during mеdical еmеrgеnciеs.

No Mеdical Tеsts - Somе policiеs may not rеquirе еxtеnsivе mеdical tеsts, simplifying thе application procеss for еldеrly individuals.

Conclusion

Thе Sеnior Citizеn Mеdiclaim Policy stands as a tеstamеnt to thе commitmеnt of providing mental and financial assistance to elderlies. It is not mеrеly a health insurancе policy; it is a thoughtful and considеratе approach to hеalthcarе for thosе who have given so much to sociеty.

It only takes a few simple steps to ensure that your kidneys are healthy and functioning well

If there is a history of diabetes, kidney diseases or high blood pressure in your family, taking care of your kidneys is an imperative for you. Millions of people across the globe are affected by kidney diseases every year and some are diagnosed at a stage where a cure is no longer possible.
Whether or not you have a family history of kidney failure, taking certain steps to care for your kidney will ensure that you are healthy as you age. Here are a few things you can do to ensure that your kidneys are functioning properly.

Drink Water More Frequently

Kidneys contain nephrons which filter our blood and removes toxins from it. The more water you drink, the easier it becomes for your kidneys to filter your blood. Drinking water is the easiest and the most inexpensive way to keep your kidneys not only functioning properly but also in top health.

Practice Healthy Eating

Controlled eating not only decreases the risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol and other serious health conditions, it also keeps your kidneys healthy. The simple habit of eating healthy can improve you overall health by leaps and bounds.

Make Exercise A Habit

Regular vigorous exercise improves the functioning of all our vital organs, including kidneys. Exercise controls blood pressure issues, obesity, heart conditions and several other factors that indirectly influence your kidney functioning. However, while exercising regularly is a good habit, overexerting yourself is bad for your health, so remember to balance your daily physical activity accordingly.

Quit Smoking

Smoking has been linked with high blood pressure, which in turn is harmful for kidneys. Smoking is also proven to contribute not only to lung cancer, but also kidney cancer. If you are a smoker, quitting immediately would significantly decrease the risks of future health complications.

Understanding health insurance terminology can be challenging, and one of the most common areas of confusion is the concept of “out-of-network” services. This term plays a key role in determining your medical expenses and the healthcare providers you can access. Whether you have an individual health insurance policy or coverage for your family, it’s essential to understand how out-of-network services work—and how they can significantly impact your overall healthcare costs.

What does out-of-network in health insurance mean?

When you buy a health insurance policy, your insurer usually has a list of approved healthcare providers. These approved doctors, specialists, hospitals and clinics are called “in-network” providers. They have agreed to provide medical services at discounted rates for policyholders.

On the other hand, out-of-network means a doctor or facility is not on that approved list. If you are offered care from an out-of-network provider, your insurance may not cover the full cost or may not cover it at all, leaving you to pay more out of your own pocket.

Why does out-of-network care cost more?

Out-of-network care usually costs more because your insurance provider hasn’t agreed on discounted rates with those healthcare professionals. Without this agreement, providers can charge their full price for services.

What's the difference between in-network and out-of-network in health insurance?

The key difference lies in cost and coverage. In-network providers often have a contract with your insurance company to charge lower fees. This means your insurer pays more of the bill, and you pay less.

Out-of-network providers, however, don’t have such contracts. This often results in:

• Higher co-pays or co-insurance
• Larger medical bills
• Potentially no coverage for certain services

When selecting a health insurance policy for family, it’s wise to check the network size and availability of in-network providers in your area. A larger network gives your family more options for affordable care.

Why would someone choose to use an out-of-network provider?

Despite the higher costs, some people still choose out-of-network providers. Reasons may include:

• A specific doctor or hospital with a strong reputation
• Urgent medical needs while travelling or living away from home
• Limited availability of specialists in the insurance network

Conclusion

Knowing what “out-of-network” means in your health insurance can help you make better choices for your healthcare. This is quite important if you have or are planning to buy a family health insurance policy. Being aware of the difference between in-network and out-of-network care and the costs involved might save your family from unexpected medical bills and ensure access to quality treatment when needed.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Medical emergency experienced by a family due to sudden health failure of a family member is likely to dent your savings when footing treatment bills. Such financially stressful situations can be tackled if all the family members are insured with a health insurance policy.
Procuring individual health insurance policies for family members can be cumbersome as you have to remember individual policy renewal and premium payment dates. To reduce all these hassles, ICICI Lombard offers a comprehensive cover with the family floater benefit. This policy is designed for safeguarding the health of your family with a large sum insured.
With the family floater feature of this policy, a total of 5 family members can be insured under a single health policy. This policy has a minimum entry age of 3 months which allows you to insure children as well adults. Sum insured offered by this family health plan can be shared between all the family members or can be used by one family member during a medical emergency till the policy period expires.
Premium medical aid may not be uniformly available or the health care facility in your locality may prove insufficient for treatment in case of sudden health complications. Such problems are taken care of by this comprehensive health insurance policy. ICICI Lombard has a tie-up with a wide network of hospitals all over India that offer premium medical care. Treatment at such a health care facility makes the insured individual eligible for cashless health insurance benefit. This feature offered by the health insurance policy offers relief from paying large hospitalisation bills.
The important cashless health insurance benefit of this plan greatly helps to diffuse financially stressful situations and offers quality medical treatment to the ailing individual. As all the medical bills and treatment costs are settled by the insurance provider, you do not have to worry about footing hospitalisation bills.
You can also extend the coverage of this policy by purchasing optional covers like the Critical Illness cover and Donor Expenses. With the Critical Illness cover, the insurance provider offers monetary aid if the insured individual is diagnosed with major illness and medical procedure covered under this policy. The Donor Expenses optional cover makes the insured individual eligible to receive reimbursement for an amount up to Rs. 50,000 during any organ transplant surgery.
All these medical benefits offered by the comprehensive health insurance plan help you to optimally safeguard your family’s health and offer quality medical aid during a medical emergency.

Exploring the realm of health insurance is always advantageous, and in this article, we delve into the specifics of Personal Accident Insurance, shedding light on its unique benefits and considerations.

What does this insurance offer?

• Compensation to nominee

Personal accident offers compensation to the nominee in the event of accidental death of the insured.

• Compensation on permanent or temporary disability

In case of permanent or temporary disability, personal accident insurance provides security to the insured and his or her family by offering a compensation for the loss of livelihood.

• Reimbursement of hospitalization cost

insurance cover hospitalization expenses and also earmark a sum for daily allowance during hospitalization.

How is it different from other insurance ?

• Fills the gap in a finance portfolio

Health policies promptly reimburse expenses relating to medical exigencies while life insurance policies offer the assured sum in the eventuality of death. Personal accident insurance on the other hand step up to neatly fill the unnoticed gap in a finance portfolio by securing the potential monthly earnings of a family.

• Secures family earnings

Cover the risk of partial or complete loss of earnings of the breadwinner of a family. insurance may be extended to offer coverage to all kinds of accidents - major and minor that may result in physical separation or loss of use of limbs, organs etc.

• Universal coverage

Personal accident insurance offers a worldwide coverage to the insured.

Who should opt for personal accident insurance?

All individuals who wish to create a contingency plan to meet liabilities in case their earning capacity is impaired should opt for personal accident insurance. For example, salaried employees who need to pay monthly EMIs for a home loan.

What should be the ideal sum assured for personal accident insurance?

It is advisable to avail the personal accident cover for a sum that takes into consideration the insured's monthly earnings including earning from salary as well as other avenues.

Corollary

A personal accident insurance policy is instrumental in supporting the insured's family so that they continue to lead a normal life despite the loss or discontinuance of income.

Insuring health comes with a distinct advantage of tax benefit. Premium paid on health insurance policy is tax-deductible under section 80D of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
 The current law states that an individual or Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) can claim deduction for premium paid on medical insurance policy. Read on to know more.

What is section 80D?

Section 80D of the Income Tax Act allows taxpayers to claim deductions on premiums paid for medical insurance. This benefit applies to policies covering oneself, family members, and dependent parents. The deduction helps reduce taxable income, making health insurance a smart financial and health investment.

What are the tax benefits of health insurance?

Financially safeguarding policy takers from sudden medical emergencies and tax saving. With increase in limits of deduction under section 80D from the year 2015-16, policy takers will benefit with increased tax savings.

Tax benefits of medical insurance include:

• Deductions on premiums paid for self, spouse, children, and parents.
• Additional deductions for senior citizens.
• Preventive health check-up expenses are included under Section 80D.
• Savings on taxable income, reducing overall tax liability.

How much health insurance tax benefit under section 80D can be claimed by you?

Section 80D provides tax relief based on who is covered under the medical insurance policy. Individuals can claim deductions for premiums paid for:

1. Self, spouse, and dependent children – Up to ₹25,000 per year.
2. Parents below 60 years – Additional ₹25,000 deduction.
3. Parents above 60 years – Additional ₹50,000 deduction.
4. HUF and non-resident individuals (NRIs) – Eligible for deductions under this section.

Health insurance tax benefits on multi-year policies

If you purchase a medical insurance policy for multiple years, the premium can still be claimed as a tax deduction. The total premium amount is equally divided across the policy tenure, and deductions can be claimed accordingly.

For example, if you pay ₹60,000 for a three-year policy, you can claim ₹20,000 per year under Section 80D.

Factors to be considered while finalising a health insurance plan

When choosing health insurance, consider the following factors:

• Coverage amount – Ensure that the sum insured is adequate for medical emergencies.
• Inclusions and exclusions – Read and carefully understand what is included and what is not.
• Cashless network hospitals – Check if your preferred hospitals are included.
• Waiting period – Consider pre-existing disease coverage timelines.
• Premium costs – Balance affordability with benefits.

Choosing the right policy, especially for medical insurance for parents, is crucial to securing quality healthcare while maximising tax benefits.

What documents do I require to claim medical insurance tax benefits under section 80D?

To claim tax deductions, you must provide:

• Premium payment receipt – Proof of premium payment.
• Policy document – Mentioning the insured individuals.
• Bank or credit card statement – Proof of payment.
• PAN or Aadhaar details – For verification during tax filing.

Conclusion

Investing in medical insurance offers dual benefits—financial protection and tax savings. With Section 80D deductions, individuals can reduce their taxable income while ensuring healthcare security for themselves and their loved ones. Whether purchasing a policy for yourself or opting for medical insurance for parents, it’s important to understand these tax benefits and choose the right plan that provides comprehensive coverage while optimising savings.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.

Health insurance is one of the most popular plans sold in India. With health being one of the major concerns across the nation and endorsements by insurance companies doing rounds, people have realized the importance of getting insured.

Most people buy a health insurance plan to ensure prompt financial help in the times of emergencies. Rising medical costs is also a major concern. The plan offers cover against the hospitalization bills, medications, ambulance charges, cashless facilities and a lot more. Another major benefit offered by health insurance companies is tax exemption on premium paid.

In India,medical insurance premiums are subject to income tax exemption under section 80D. This is applicable on health insurance premium paid for personal, spouse, children and dependents parents. The exemption is recorded under the Income Tax Act of India.

Health insurance, also popularly referred to as mediclaim policies in India, offers a deduction of about 35,000.00 INR to buyers.

Here is how deductions are offered to health insurance buyers in India:

• An amount of 15,000.00 INR is paid towards health insurance premium for personal, children, and spouse.
• An amount of 15,000.00 INR is paid towards health insurance premium for dependant parents (non-senior).
• An amount of 20,000.00 INR is paid medical insurance premiums for dependant parents (senior citizen).

The deduction mentioned in the above list is other than the 1, 00,000 INR savings offered under Income Tax deductions clause (80C).

The Rules

In order to consider deduction under the category of 'senior citizen', the age of the individual should be 65 years for the duration of the fiscal year. For instance, if the deduction is to be offered for the financial year 2010-11, the individual should already be 65 years of age as on March 31, 2010.

Some Changes

The Senior Citizen Definition - In the year 2012, the government of India gas changed the definition of senior citizen. An individual would be considered fit into the category of ‘senior citizen’ if he is 60 years old. The individual should already be 60 years of age during the fiscal year 2012-2013.

Validity of Deduction – The deduction on insurance premium is also applicable to the payments made by:
Credit Cards

Cheque

For cash payments, the insured will not get any premium deductions.

Understanding Medical Insurance Premium

• The maximum amount of deduction offered under Income Tax section 80D for Self and Family amount to 15000 INR.
• For your parents, the deduction proposed is 15000 INR.
• If the individual covered has attained 60 years of age or more, then the individual can avail of an additional deduction of about 5000 INR.

For Salaried Individuals

Salaried individuals can enjoy the benefit of medical allowance as well as the medical insurance policy under section 80D at same time. The medical allowance is allowed under section 10.

Understanding the Section 80D under the Income Tax Act 1961

As already discussed, there are many benefits one can enjoy via buying a health insurance plan. Apart from the apparent benefits such as a health cover, cashless health benefits, critical illness benefit, cover for medications and hospitalization bills, and additional covers, the medical insurance will also offer you tax benefits as per the Income tax Act 1961 stated under Section 80D. Here, you are entitled to avail an amount between 15,000 INR and 20,000 INR for senior citizens.

The Income tax Act 1961 Rule (Section 80D) for medical insurance premium deduction:

1. When evaluating the total income of an insurance buyer, (an individual or a Hindu undivided family), deduction is applicable as mentioned in sub-section (2) or sub-section (3). The payment of deduction can be made by any of the following excluding cash in the previous year from taxable income:

• Credit card
• Cheque
• Debit card

2. If an insurance buyer is an individual, the sum mentioned in sub-section (1) shall be the total of the subsequent, i.e.:

• The entire amount waged to effect or ensure operational, medical insurance on the individual, his family or a payment made to the health scheme proposed by the Central Government not exceeding 15,000 INR
• The entire amount waged to effect or ensures operational, medical insurance on the parent (s) health not exceeding the total amount 15,000 INR.

3. For the insurance buyer from Hindu undivided family, the sum mentioned in sub-section:

(a) Must be the entire amount remunerated to effect or ensure operational, medical insurance of a Hindu undivided family member not exceeding 15,000 INR in total.

(b) The health insurance mentioned in this section must be in accordance with a plan made in this behalf by an general insurance company established under General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act, 1972 (section 9) and accepted by the Central
Government.

Or

Any other insurance organization approved by the IRDA (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority) established under IRDA Act's sub-section (1), section 3 1999.

According to the act mentioned above, it is apparent that if an individual buys medical insurance, then the premium on the same is deductible from his taxable income. The deducted health insurance premium should not go beyond 15,000 INR for individual. In case of senior citizen (60 years and above), the amount should not exceed 20,000 INR.

Advantages of purchasing a personal accident insurance policy

The main purpose of personal accident insurance is to cover the policyholder against death or disability due to an accident. Health insurance, including add-on riders, can easily be bought online, along with accident insurance, giving you comprehensive protection.

How to Buy Accident Insurance?

Once you're at ICICI Lombard's homepage, go to Health Insurance > Personal Protect

Top general insurance companies provide personal accident cover, yet not everyone is aware of its benefits. You can very easily go online and secure yourself against unforeseen accidents.

Purchasing this policy online will take up only a meager amount of your time, and insure you for up to 5 years. To purchase a personal accident policy, follow the steps below:

• First, go to ICICI Lombard's Personal Accident webpage.
• Next, choose the total sum insured that you want to be covered for along with the desired duration of the policy.
• You can also opt for add-on covers by checking the boxes for Accidental Hospitalization expenses and Accidental Hospital Daily Allowance.
• Complete the form by providing your email id and mobile number, after which click on the 'calculate premium' button.

Once you're at ICICI Lombard's homepage, go to Health Insurance > Personal Protect

• Once your premium in calculated, there's a simple 3-step process that involves filling personal and payment details, to purchase the policy.
• Once your premium in calculated, there's a simple 3-step process that involves filling personal and payment details, to purchase the policy.
• email containing your policy document and a receipt of your online transaction.

Buying insurance online is a very simple process that can easily fit into your busy schedule. ICICI Lombard and Google's research shows that increasing internet access is prompting the public to buy their general insurance online, evident through the large number of online searches for insurance products, from both metros and non-metros.

Injuries can affect your livelihood

Benefits of Personal Accident Insurance

Personal accident cover is a policy that you should add to your insurance portfolio, because for a low premium you are protecting yourself against all kinds of accidental injuries. For as little as Rs. 225 a year, you can get personal accident insurance up to 5 lacs.