by
Tanmay Ahuja
| Jun 03, 2025
Starting or growing a small business requires more than just a great idea—it needs timely financial support. To facilitate this, the Government of India launched the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) in 2015. The programme provides affordable, collateral-free loans to small entrepreneurs, thereby supporting employment generation and fostering inclusive economic growth.
What is Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)?
The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana is a government-backed initiative that offers collateral-free loans to micro and small enterprises in the non-corporate, non-farm sector. These loans are disbursed through commercial banks, microfinance institutions (MFIs) and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs). The goal is to empower small business owners who traditionally struggle to secure loans through conventional banking channels.
Objectives of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
The main objective of the Mudra Yojana are:
- Encouraging financial inclusion by giving small enterprises loan access to underserved rural areas.
- Helping micro-enterprises and startups, therefore generating local employment.
- Supporting women-owned companies by means of preferential funding access.
- Formalising the unofficial sector by allowing such businesses to participate in the official one.
- Giving underprivileged groups the financial tools to engage in entrepreneurship and help raise their socioeconomic level.
- Reducing reliance on unofficial credit providers with often high interest rates and exploitative policies to help borrowers have more safe and reasonably priced financing choices.
Loan categories under PMMY scheme
The Pradhan Mantri Mudra loan is categorised into three types, based on the stage of the business:
- Shishu (up to ₹50,000): For businesses in their initial stages.
- Kishore (₹50,001 to ₹5 lakh): For businesses seeking growth capital.
- Tarun (₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh): For well-established businesses needing funds for expansion.
- Tarun Plus: It covers loans above ₹10 lakhs with a ceiling value of ₹20 lakhs. The main aim is to refinance aid to Banks, MFIs and NBFCs for lending to small units.
These categories help entrepreneurs choose loans suitable for their business lifecycle.
Eligibility criteria of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
To apply for a Mudra loan, the applicant must:
- Be an Indian citizen, aged 18 years or older.
- Be an individual, proprietor, partnership firm, private limited company or any other eligible legal entity.
- Operate in manufacturing, trading or service sectors, including agriculture-related activities.
- Have no record of previous loan defaults with banks or financial institutions.
PMMY loan application process
You can either opt for an offline process or PM Mudra loan online apply process. Here are the steps:
- Visit the official websites of participating banks or financial institutions.
- Fill in the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana application form with correct business details.
- Upload or submit the required documents.
- Await verification; once approved, the loan is disbursed to the applicant's bank account.
Offline applicants may visit their nearest bank branch.
Documents Required under PMMY
Applicants must provide the following documents during the loan application process:
- Completed PMMY scheme application form.
- Proof of identity: Aadhaar card, PAN card, Voter ID, etc.
- Proof of address: Utility bills, Aadhaar card or passport.
- Business proof: Trade licence, registration certificate or relevant documents.
- Quotation for machinery or goods to be purchased.
- Recent passport-sized photographs.
- Last six months' bank statements.
Additional documents may be requested depending on the loan amount and business type.
Benefits of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
Here are the benefits of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana loan:
- Formalising the informal sector
Brings informal micro and small enterprises into the formal financial ecosystem, improving transparency and credit history.
- Acts as an apex refinancer
MUDRA functions as a refinancing institution, supporting banks, NBFCs and MFIs to lend to micro units, enhancing liquidity in the sector.
- Indigenously designed architecture
The MUDRA model is tailored specifically for India's unique socio-economic landscape and the needs of its micro-enterprise segment.
- Inclusion of last-mile financiers
Empowers small MFIs and local lenders to reach the most remote and underserved entrepreneurs, fostering deep financial inclusion.
- Improved access to finance for micro enterprises
Reduces dependence on informal lenders by making formal credit accessible without collateral, especially to first-time borrowers.
Refinancing support and risk mitigation mechanisms help lower the interest rates for borrowers, making credit more affordable.
Beyond loans, the scheme also encourages financial literacy, business mentoring and skill development to ensure sustained enterprise growth.
- Promotion of mass entrepreneurship
Encourages self-employment and small business creation at scale, leading to a broader base of grassroots entrepreneurs.
Small businesses supported by MUDRA contribute significantly to job creation in local economies.
- Boost to GDP and economic growth
Enhanced microenterprise activity contributes to increased productivity, consumption and overall GDP growth.
FAQs
- What is the maximum loan amount under PMMY?
Loans of up to ₹20 lakh can be availed under the scheme.
- Is collateral required for a Mudra loan?
No, Mudra loans are completely collateral-free.
- Can the loan application be submitted online?
Yes, most banks offer online application facilities on their official websites.
- Are there special benefits for women entrepreneurs?
Women often receive preferential rates and are encouraged to apply under the scheme.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.
Conclusion
The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) plays a vital role in promoting self-reliance, enhancing financial inclusion and enabling entrepreneurship. However, true financial preparedness goes beyond just securing business capital. This is where health insurance policy becomes equally important. Investing in policies like critical illness insurance can provide a safety net that ensures long-term financial stability. It helps reduce the burden of unexpected medical expenses by covering hospitalisation, treatment and other related costs, offering much-needed support during emergencies.