The arterial blood gas (ABG) test is an essential and efficient diagnostic tool, providing critical information about how efficient the respiratory system is. It also checks the blood acidity. The arterial blood gas measurement test helps decide the management of different acute and chronic conditions.
What is Measured in an Arterial Blood Gas Test?
Measurement of ABG monitors several vital parameters in blood, including:
- Oxygen (PaO2) saturation: It measures the oxygen level in the hemoglobin in the RBC. The ideal range is 94-100%. Low levels indicate poor oxygenation, which is often associated with either lung or heart diseases.
- Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2): This reflects how well CO2 is expelled or flushed out through the respiratory system. The normal range should be within 38-42 mm Hg. Abnormal levels indicate issues with respiration, possibly hypoventilation or hyperventilation.
- Arterial pH Level: Blood pH or acid-base balance is an index of the acidity or alkalinity level in the blood. It ranges between 7.35 and 7.45 levels. Abnormal levels below and above this range often imply a respiratory or metabolic disorder.
- Bicarbonates (HCO3-): These help maintain the pH balance within the blood. Their levels are generally between 22 and 28 mEq/L.
Doctors recommend an arterial blood gas measurement test for critical conditions of ICU patients showcasing symptoms like:
- Respiratory distress
- Kidney failure
- Injuries in the head or neck region interrupting respiration
- Drug overdose
- Symptoms of pH imbalance like nausea and breath shortness
- COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or asthma
Conclusion
The ABG test is comparatively an easy blood test. Its reports are available in 15-20 minutes. However, the patient is susceptible to the risk of bruising, bleeding, or infection. Comprehensive health insurance ensures sufficient financial coverage against this test cost and for further treatment that follows the results.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.