<p><strong>Cholera is a disease caused by </strong>the bacteria known as <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>. Its quick spread is facilitated by filthy drinking water, overcrowded housing, and poor sanitation. The risk of cholera is particularly high in areas with poor access to sanitary facilities and clean water. It is a treatable disease. A rehydration solution can help prevent fatalities from severe dehydration.</p>
<h2><strong>What are the causes of Cholera?</strong></h2>
<p><strong>Cholera disease is caused</strong> by <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> and can spread through many ways.</p>
<p><strong>Causative Organism-Bacterium:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>In the small intestine, the <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> bacteria produces a toxin</li>
<li>Excessive water secretion caused by the toxin results in acute diarrhoea and sudden loss of fluid and electrolytes.</li>
</ul>
<p>Cholera spreads through the following ways:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Contaminated water:</strong></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>Cholera carriers transmit the bacteria via their feces. If this pollutes food and water sources, it gets carried to others.</li>
<li>In highly populated regions with inadequate sanitation, contaminated water supplies, especially surface or healthy water, are the primary source of cholera infections.</li>
</ul>
<ol start="2">
<li><strong>Contaminated Food:</strong></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>Bacterial contamination can result from improper food handling, especially when using fruits and vegetables.</li>
<li>This is true when growing food in locations exposed to polluted water or when using untreated manure as fertiliser.</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>Conclusion</strong></h2>
<p>Thus, <strong>cholera is caused by</strong> a bacterial infection and gets transmitted to people through contaminated water and food sources. Improving sanitation and promoting proper food hygiene is crucial in preventing cholera outbreaks and reducing its impact.</p>