Coughing in infants can be distressing for the child as well as the parents. It is a common symptom that may arise from underlying conditions like mild irritations or more serious health concerns. For effective management and timely medical intervention, it is crucial to understand the causes of cough in infants. Early detection not only ensures appropriate treatment but also prevents potential complications. As a parent or caregiver, being aware of these causes empowers you to take the necessary steps to safeguard your baby's health.
This article focuses on the factors that cause coughing in infants.
Causes of cough in infants
A cough is a natural reflex that helps clear the airways of mucus, germs, and irritants. Let’s explore some common causes of cough in infants:
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Viral infections
The most common reason for cough in infants is a viral infection, such as the common cold or flu. These illnesses cause inflammation in the upper respiratory tract, leading to coughing, runny nose, and mild fever. While most viral infections resolve on their own, it is essential to ensure the infant stays hydrated and comfortable. If the symptoms worsen, a doctor's visit may be necessary.
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Bronchiolitis
This is a viral infection that affects the small airways (bronchioles) in the lungs. It often occurs in babies under two years old, causing wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Bronchiolitis is caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Severe cases may require hospitalisation, so parents should monitor their baby’s breathing and seek medical advice if there are signs of laboured breathing or dehydration.
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Allergies
Allergens like dust, pollen, or pet dander can trigger a cough in some infants. While less common in young babies, allergic reactions may cause persistent coughing, sneezing, and itchy eyes. Identifying and removing the allergen from the baby's environment is key. You should also consult a paediatrician who can help determine if allergy medications are needed.
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Asthma
Though rare in infants, asthma can cause a chronic cough, especially at night or during physical activity. It is often accompanied by wheezing and shortness of breath. Early diagnosis is vital in managing asthma, as untreated cases can lead to complications. Parents should keep track of any patterns in coughing episodes and discuss them with a doctor.
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
GERD occurs when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, irritating the throat and triggering a cough. Infants with GERD may also experience spitting up, irritability, and poor weight gain. Adjusting feeding practices, such as keeping the baby upright after meals and seeking medical guidance, can help manage the condition.
Conclusion
Recognising the causes of cough in infants helps you take appropriate action, whether soothing a mild viral cough or seeking urgent medical care. You should never ignore persistent or severe coughing as it might indicate a serious condition. Always consult a paediatrician to ensure your baby gets proper treatment at the right time.
As you take precautions, remember that individual health insurance or medical insurance provides financial security by covering unplanned medical expenses. Invest in a comprehensive health plan to ensure your child receives timely and quality care.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.