Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a serious infectious disease that has been around for centuries and caused millions of deaths worldwide throughout history. Unfortunately, it continues to be an issue today with roughly one-third of the world’s population infected. Knowing what causes tuberculosis can help us make informed decisions to prevent its spread and potentially lessen its impact on global health. We will discuss what causes tuberculosis in the next section.
Causes of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that majorly impacts the lungs and other parts like the intestine, uterus, and skin. It is a disease that can spread from one person to another person by various means. When someone with active TB disease in their lungs releases tiny bacteria-loaded droplets into the air while talking, singing, laughing, coughing, or sneezing. This can be inhaled by another person, leading to an infection. The disease is more likely to spread when a person infected with TB bacteria spends a lot of time together in an indoor space with another person. Some factors increase your chance of acquiring this disease such as:
- If you are in frequent and close contact with a person having active TB disease
- If you live in an area where TB rates are high
- If you work in healthcare, hospital, or TB clinic once a year
- If you have a weak immune system or have AIDS
It is important to note that a person with a latent TB infection cannot spread the disease to other people as the TB bacteria is in the dormant stage in this condition and the person does not show any sign of symptoms in this stage.
Additionally, An individual taking drugs to treat active TB disease has lesser chances of spreading the infection because after taking the drug the receptor binding sites of the TB bacteria get blocked so a person usually can't pass the disease after 2 to 3 weeks of treatment.
Conclusion
TB is a deadly illness that can be prevented and cured. It is up to everyone to learn about the causes of TB, both bacteria-based and environmental, in order to do anything they can to prevent it – for instance, avoiding contact with TB patients or those who live in areas at risk of the disease. Of note, tuberculosis has long been recognized throughout human history but continues to be an issue today due to poverty, poor living conditions, and limited access to health insurance. Political action and increased awareness of this problem are necessary elements needed for successful disease prevention efforts on a local, national, and global level. With knowledge and dedication from all vulnerable populations, including improved access to health insurance, we can significantly reduce the prevalence of this affliction worldwide.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.