Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly infectious and deadly virus that requires rapid and accurate diagnosis to prevent outbreaks. Since its symptoms resemble other viral infections, laboratory testing becomes necessary for confirmation.
How Nipah Virus is Diagnosed?
Nipah virus is diagnosed in the following ways:
Clinical Evaluation: Initial symptoms of Nipah virus, such as fever, headache, cough, and difficulty breathing, mimic common respiratory infections. However, if doctors suspect a Nipah virus infection, lab tests are done to confirm the same.
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory diagnosis of Nipah virus comprises of the following tests:
- RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction): This is the gold standard for diagnosing active Nipah virus infections. It detects viral RNA from blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), throat swabs, or urine samples.
- ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): This test identifies antibodies in a patient’s blood, confirming past or recent infections.
Challenges in Nipah Virus Diagnosis
Nipah virus outbreaks often occur in remote areas with limited access to advanced diagnostic tools. Additionally, early symptoms are non-specific, leading to misdiagnosis. So, quick sample collection and transportation to specialized labs are crucial for accurate results.
Conclusion
Symptoms of Nipah Virus often mimic other viral infections. However, early and precise diagnosis of Nipah virus is vital for timely isolation, treatment, and outbreak control. In severe cases, hospitalisation might become necessary. Having a health insurance policy at such times can help cover medical expenses and ensure faster recovery without compromising quality care.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your general physician or another certified medical professional for any questions regarding a medical condition. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.