Malnutrition is an imbalance in our food consumption, whether too little or too much. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines it as both a condition of undernutrition and overnutrition. The former can lead to stunted growth, low weight, or deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals. The latter leads to obesity and diet-related diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
In adults, the effects of malnutrition can deteriorate both physical and mental health.
What are the effects of malnutrition?
Malnutrition affects the body and mind in numerous ways, leading to serious health complications. Here are some of the effects of malnutrition:
Physical weakness and immune system issues
A lack of essential nutrients can cause muscle wasting, weakness, and an inability to perform simple tasks. Malnutrition also weakens the immune system, making a person more susceptible to infections and diseases.
Impact on mental health
Poor nutrition is said to lead to low mood, anxiety, and even depression. Key vitamins and mineral deficiencies affect how the brain functions. This results in problems in memory and concentration and may lead to dementia in aged people.
Effects on children and pregnant women
Children suffering from malnutrition grow stunted, are late in their development, and experience difficulties in learning. In extreme cases, it causes lifelong health problems. Poor nutrition in pregnant women exposes them to greater risks of complications during pregnancy and delivery, affecting both the mother and the child.
Overnutrition and chronic diseases
Overnutrition is caused due to the consumption of excess unhealthy food and drink, increasing the possibilities of risk associated with obesity, diabetes, heart disease, or high blood pressure. All these conditions may lead to potentially fatal illnesses such as stroke and kidney disease.
Conclusion
Malnutrition, which refers to both undernutrition and overnutrition, is a rising global issue affecting people of all ages. The effects of malnutrition can be even more serious in children and pregnant women, leading to long-term health complications. It is a treatable condition with early diagnosis and medical care. Health insurance plays a key role in ensuring individuals have the financial support needed to deal with malnutrition-related health issues.
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