Fenugreek, a common ingredient in various herbal supplements, is known for its efficacy in controlling diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and poor appetite, among other conditions. This leafy green plant, adorned with white flowers and small seed pods, harbours brownish-golden seeds. These seeds are rich in mucilage, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponin, making fenugreek an excellent herbal supplement. Rich in a specific type of carbohydrate called galactomannan, fenugreek is known to reduce cholesterol, improve blood sugar levels, and exhibit a hypolipidemic effect. Both the leaves and seeds of fenugreek possess extensive medicinal properties, earning it the reputation of a superb herb.
What are the Health Benefits of Fenugreek?
Here are the key health benefits of fenugreek:
- Anti-diabetic properties – The hypoglycaemic effect, or the regulation of blood sugar levels by fenugreek consumption, is well-documented. Fenugreek seeds and leaves contain dietary fibres, specific plant gums, and carbohydrates like galactomannan, which together help control blood sugar levels.
- Hypocholesterolemic properties – Fenugreek also exhibits cholesterol-lowering properties, making it beneficial for heart health. Studies have shown the effect of fenugreek seeds on lowering triglycerides and total cholesterol while increasing HDL cholesterol. It is also known to lower blood pressure.
- Antioxidant properties – The specific bioactive compounds found in fenugreek give it antioxidant properties that help to scavenge the free radicals produced inside the body and reduce inflammation, diseases, and ageing effects.
- Anti-cancer properties – Several experimental studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer effect of fenugreek seeds. It has been shown that a diet rich in fenugreek reduces the incidence of colon cancer.
- Antibacterial and antifungal properties – Fenugreek is documented to have antibacterial and antifungal effects through the various biologically active compounds present in it.
- Pro-digestive properties – Fenugreek aids digestion by influencing the pancreatic enzymes produced for digesting food. It is also rich in non-starchy carbohydrates and fibres that aid in good digestion, smooth bowel movements, and relief from constipation.
- Galactagogue/lactation aid – Fenugreek is known to have a galactagogue effect; its consumption may increase breast milk production. This is thought to be due to its effect on milk-producing hormones like prolactin and oxytocin secretion.