How is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosed?

Introduction

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent condition affecting the hand and wrist, often characterised by numbness, tingling, and weakness. The carpal tunnel diagnosis involves a meticulous examination of symptoms and specific tests designed to assess nerve function and exclude alternative causes of discomfort. This blog explores how Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is diagnosed, shedding light on the various examinations and procedures utilised to ascertain the presence and severity of this common nerve compression disorder.

Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• History of Symptoms

The diagnostic journey typically begins with thoroughly discussing the patient's medical history and exploring symptoms. Providers inquire about symptoms' onset, duration, and specific nature, considering factors such as work-related activities or repetitive hand movements. The distribution of symptoms is crucial. For instance, since the median nerve doesn't provide sensation to the little finger, CTS symptoms in that finger may prompt the consideration of alternative diagnoses. CTS symptoms often manifest while holding objects like a phone or newspaper, gripping a steering wheel, or during nighttime, potentially waking individuals from sleep. Understanding when symptoms occur is vital.

• Physical Examination

Healthcare providers conduct a physical examination to evaluate finger sensation, muscle strength in the hand, and the overall function of the affected hand. Certain movements may elicit or intensify symptoms, aiding in the clinical diagnosis of CTS. Some movement includes bending the wrist, tapping on the nerve, or applying pressure to the median nerve.

• Imaging Studies

While not directly diagnostic of CTS, some providers may recommend an X-ray of the affected wrist to rule out alternative causes of wrist pain, such as arthritis or fractures. Ultrasound imaging can provide a detailed view of the bones and nerves in the wrist. It aids in determining whether the median nerve is being compressed and contributes to the overall diagnostic process.

• Electrodiagnostic Tests

EMG involves the measurement of electrical discharges produced in muscles. Providers insert thin-needle electrodes into specific muscles to evaluate electrical activity during contraction and rest. It helps identify damage to muscles controlled by the median nerve and rules out other potential conditions. This variation of EMG involves taping electrodes to the skin and passing a small shock through the median nerve. The study assesses whether electrical impulses are slowed in the carpal tunnel, aiding in diagnosing CTS and ruling out other conditions.

Conclusion

The carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis involves thoroughly examining symptoms and a series of tests to assess nerve function and exclude other potential causes of discomfort. Health insurance plays a significant role in facilitating access to these diagnostic procedures, ensuring individuals receive timely and comprehensive evaluations for CTS. So, whenever buying a health cover, one should ensure that it covers the expenses for diagnosis as well. A prompt and accurate diagnosis allows for effective management in navigating the complexities of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.