Updated on 23 Dec 2025
If you often feel tired, struggle with weight changes or notice sudden mood swings, your thyroid could be a factor. Managing thyroid issues isn’t just about medication; it’s also about what you eat every day. Some common foods can interfere with thyroid function, making symptoms worse, while others can help. Knowing which foods to avoid can make a real difference in your energy, metabolism and overall well-being.
How does food impact the thyroid?
Thyroid produces hormones that regulate energy, metabolism and many body functions. To function properly, it relies on nutrients like iodine, selenium and zinc. Certain foods, however, can interfere with hormone production or reduce the effectiveness of thyroid medications.
Eating these foods regularly can worsen symptoms such as fatigue, weight changes or mood swings. For older adults, managing diet carefully is especially important and having the right senior citizen health insurance can help cover treatment costs.
Foods to avoid with thyroid issues
You don’t have to cut out everything you love, but knowing which foods to limit can make a real difference in managing thyroid symptoms. Here are some common foods that may interfere with thyroid function and should be eaten with caution in case of hypothyroidism:
- Cruciferous vegetables: While vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower boast a wealth of nutrients, they contain compounds that can disrupt thyroid function if consumed in excess. Cooking these vegetables can assist in reducing their impact.
- Soy products: Soy contains goitrogens that can inhibit thyroid hormone production. Limiting soy-based foods like milk and edamame is advisable.
- Gluten-rich food: Some individuals with hypothyroidism might benefit from reducing gluten intake, as there may be a potential link between gluten sensitivity and auto-immune thyroid conditions.
- Fibre foods: Excessive fibre can impair the absorption of thyroid medication. While fibre is generally healthy, it’s advisable to consume it in moderation if you are taking thyroid medication.
- Processed food: Highly processed food often contains additives and preservatives that may affect thyroid health. Opt for whole and unprocessed foods whenever possible.
Foods to avoid for hyperthyroidism:
- Iodine-rich foods: Excessive iodine intake exaggerates hyperthyroidism. If you have hyperthyroidism, limiting the intake of foods like iodised salt, fish, shellfish, seaweed, dairy products and iodine supplements is recommended.
- Caffeine: The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can worsen with caffeine intake as it can stimulate the thyroid gland. Cutting back on caffeinated beverages like coffee, tea and energy drinks can be beneficial.
- Sugary foods: High sugar intake can disrupt hormone balance and contribute to energy fluctuations. Decreasing the intake of sugary foods and beverages can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.
- Fatty and fried foods: Hyperthyroidism can lead to digestive issues, and consuming high-fat and fried foods might exacerbate these problems. Choose lean sources of protein and healthy fats.
- Red dye and processed meats: Some processed meats and food products contain red dye, which might impact hyperthyroidism symptoms. It’s best to limit or avoid these items.
- Egg yolks and blackstrap molasses: Both egg yolk and blackstrap molasses contain elevated levels of iodine, which can pose problems for individuals with hyperthyroidism.
Can processed foods impact thyroid health?
Yes, packaged and processed foods like instant noodles, chips, ready-to-eat mixes and processed meats often contain additives, excess salt and unhealthy fats that can disrupt overall health. Over time, these may affect hormone balance and interfere with thyroid function.
Some processed foods also use iodised salt inconsistently, which can reduce the effectiveness of thyroid medication.
Conclusion
Managing thyroid health is not just about taking medicine. What you eat every day plays a key role in keeping symptoms under control. Avoiding certain foods, eating balanced meals and following your doctor’s advice can make a noticeable difference.
As you take steps to manage your thyroid, it’s also important to be prepared for unexpected medical needs. Get personalised advice on a suitable health insurance policy by filling out the form on this page. It only takes a few minutes and can help you find the right cover for your needs.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.