Understanding over dimensional cargo
Want to know what is over dimensional cargo? In simple terms, it refers to shipments that exceed the standard size or weight limits set by transport regulations. These goods cannot fit into regular containers and require special arrangements for transportation. Examples include industrial machinery, wind turbine blades, construction equipment and large prefabricated structures.
Since ODC cargo often requires special handling, companies transporting these goods must adhere to strict safety protocols and secure proper insurance, such as marine cargo insurance, to protect against transit risks.
Types of over dimensional cargo
Not all over dimensional cargo is the same. It comes in different shapes and sizes, and the type of cargo determines the transport method. Here are the common categories:
- Heavy equipment: Includes excavators, cranes and bulldozers used in construction and mining.
- Industrial machinery: Large production equipment, power plant components and turbines.
- Automotive and aerospace parts: Large aircraft parts, shipbuilding materials and railway carriages.
- Infrastructure materials: Bridge sections, pipelines and windmill blades.
- Pre-fabricated structures: Modular buildings, pre-assembled factories and large-scale storage tanks.
Each category requires special transport solutions, whether by road, sea, or a combination of both.
Specialised transport methods for over dimensional cargo
Moving ODC cargo requires the use of specific transport methods depending on the cargo type and destination:
- Flatbed trailers: Used for transporting long and wide loads such as beams and construction materials.
- Lowboy trailers: Ideal for extremely heavy equipment that needs to be closer to the ground.
- Modular transporters: Often used for industrial and manufacturing equipment due to their adjustable configurations.
- Roll-on/Roll-off (RoRo) ships: Suitable for self-propelled oversized cargo like large vehicles and heavy machinery.
- Heavy lift ships: Designed to transport massive cargo that cannot be divided into smaller shipments.
Challenges and risks
Shipping over dimensional cargo comes with its own set of challenges. Some common issues include:
- Transportation restrictions
Most countries have strict regulations on oversized loads, including permit requirements and road restrictions. Some routes may not accommodate ODC cargo due to narrow roads, low bridges, or weak infrastructure.
- High logistics costs
Special handling, escort vehicles, and customised shipping solutions significantly increase costs. Businesses must budget carefully for these expenses, as unexpected expenses can arise during transit.
- Increased risk of damage
Since ODC cargo is bulky and difficult to secure, there is a higher risk of damage during transit due to rough handling, road conditions, or sea turbulence. Weather conditions like storms or strong ocean currents can also impact the shipment’s safety.
- Longer transit time
Moving oversized goods requires detailed planning, leading to delays in shipment. Route selection, permits, and compliance with regulations can add days or even weeks to the delivery timeline. Proper scheduling and contingency planning help mitigate these risks.
- Insurance challenges
Standard marine cargo insurance may not cover all risks associated with over dimensional cargo. Businesses need tailored policies that account for damage risks, theft, and unforeseen delays. Insurance providers often assess factors such as cargo value, transportation route, and risk exposure before offering coverage.
Process to claim over dimensional cargo
Despite taking all precautions, cargo damage or loss can still occur. Knowing how to file an insurance claim ensures minimal financial impact. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
- Report the damage immediately
Notify your insurance provider as soon as the damage or loss is discovered. Most insurers have a time frame within which you need to report an incident.
- Gather necessary documentation
Provide all required documents, including:
- Bill of lading
- Commercial invoice
- Packing list
- Surveyor’s report
- Photos and videos of the damage
- Transportation permits (if applicable)
- Assessment by a surveyor
The insurance company will appoint a surveyor to inspect the damage and evaluate the claim. This process determines the compensation amount.
- Approval and compensation
Once verified, the insurer will process the claim and compensate for the damage as per policy terms. Compensation may include repair costs, replacement value, or reimbursement for lost cargo.
Risk management and safety protocol
Minimising risks associated with over dimensional cargo requires careful planning. Here are some strategies for safe transport:
- Proper route planning
Plan routes in advance to avoid obstacles like low bridges, weak roads, or traffic restrictions. Obtaining necessary permits ahead of time can prevent last-minute delays.
- Use of specialised equipment
Flatbed trailers, multi-axle transporters, and hydraulic modular trailers are commonly used for moving ODC cargo. Using the right equipment reduces the risk of damage.
- Expert handling and secure packaging
Trained professionals should handle loading and unloading. Proper packaging and securing methods, such as bracing and lashing, prevent movement during transit.
- Comprehensive coverage
Standard marine cargo insurance might not be enough. Businesses should opt for policies that cover damage due to improper handling, road accidents, or natural disasters.
Conclusion
Transporting over dimensional cargo requires meticulous planning, proper handling, and the right insurance coverage. Since ODC cargo involves high risks, having robust marine insurance and marine cargo insurance policies ensures protection against financial losses.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. Please read the sales brochure / policy wordings carefully for detailed information about on risk factors, terms, conditions and exclusions. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.