EV charging connector types

Electric vehicles have grown exponentially due to their efficient performance and clean energy. However, a robust infrastructure is required to meet their charging needs. The elements that play a significant role in EV's charging infrastructure include the sockets, plugs, and connectors.

There are no standard connectors that fit all-electric vehicles. Instead, they vary based on the country, the type of EV, and the charging station. Different charging station levels use varying connectors, prioritising efficiency and safety.

This guide offers a detailed summary of the types of EV charging connectors available. Each has distinct features and capabilities.

List of different types of EV charging connector types

Here are the EV charging connector types available.

1. SAE J1772 Connector: Type 1

The charging standard features five pins, also known as a J Plug connector. It can charge up to 80 amps using a 240-voltage input, giving a maximum power output of 19.2 kW. This connector supports single-phase AC charging for EV chargers in levels 1 and 2.

The drawback is that it only uses the single-phase and lacks the automatic locking mechanism, unlike type 2 (Mennekes) connectors.

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2. Mennekes Connector: Type 2

Featuring seven pins, it can charge a maximum of 32 amps using 400 voltage input, giving a power output of 22 kW. It connects automatically to the electric vehicle for charging, with openings on the side of the plugs that lock it firmly into place. The automatic locking of the plug into the EV helps prevent accidental cable removal during charging.

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3. CCS (Combined Charging System) Connector: Type 1

Also known as CCS Combo, CCS Type 1, or the SAE J1772 Combo connector, the CCS connector combines a J1772 Type 1 plug with two DC fast-charging DC pins.

CCS 1 delivers a maximum of 500 amps and 1000 volts, giving a power output of up to 360 kW. Japanese vehicle manufacturers, such as Nissan, are also transitioning to the combined charging system. With the CCS 1 plug, car manufacturers can have shared AC and DC charging ports instead of separate ones.

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4. CCS Connector: TYPE 2

Known as CCS Combo 2 or CCS Type 2, the EV connector combines the Mennekes Type 2 plug with two fast-charging pins. Delivering a power output of up to 360 kW, it has a capacity of up to 500 amps and 1000 volts DC.

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1. CHAdeMO Connector

The CHAdeMO connector is the most preferred DC fast-charging standard in Japan. It can charge electric vehicles up to 400 amps; however, the vehicle needs separate charging ports for AC and DC.

The CHAdeMO charging stations use liquid-cooled cables to attain 400 kW power output. These connectors are not as common as the CCS, and development is underway to enable faster charging with the CHAdeMO protocol.

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2. GB/T Connector

The GB/T connectors are available in two types and are the only EV connectors used in China. One type is for AC, and the other is for DC.

The GB/T AC connector has a single-phase input and produces power of 7.4 kW, while the DC connector delivers power output of up to 237.5 kW.

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3. TESLA Connector

The Tesla connector is one of the electric car charger types that uses its own charging standard. The correct Tesla plug varies depending on your location and the model of your Tesla. In North America, Tesla uses the North American charging standard (NACS), initially known as the 'Tesla SuperCharger' for ACs and DCs. NACS is compatible with Teslas only and delivers a power output of 250 kW. However, Teslas can still be charged using different EV connectors outside North America.

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Conclusion

Each EV charger has its specific charging speed and power output, all determined by factors like the type of connector, the charging station's current and voltage, and the vehicle's onboard charger capacity. Using the correct charging connector and following safety guidelines prevents risk factors like overvoltage, ground faults, overcurrent, and high temperatures.

As you consider your EV charger, it is crucial to simultaneously put in place certain safety and quality-of-life upgrades. This includes appropriate car insurance. Browse through car insurance online to find a reliable policy that covers a range of risks, including accidents, car theft, and damage.

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