How Does ORS Work?
Many people ask how ORS helps in dehydration. Often, the oral rehydration solution comprises water, glucose, sodium, and potassium mixture that helps restore body fluids quickly.
Let us know how does ORS work in restoring hydration.
How Does An Oral Rehydration Solution Work For Dehydration?
Since 1975, WHO and UNICEF have used ORS to treat dehydration caused by diarrhoeal disease*. Considered the most effective solution to restore hydration instantly, this rehydration solution is commonly used in regions with limited hydration options.
The three main ingredients found in the solution explain how ORS helps in diarrhea and vomiting.
- Clean and disinfected water
- Electrolytes (salts) are chemicals your body needs to function appropriately
- Carbohydrates (in the form of sugar)
The above components help maximise fluid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, which typically relies on sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) to move substances through membranes.
SGLTs are carrier proteins in intestinal cells that combine sodium and glucose and transport them in the small intestine, enhancing glucose's role in increasing fluid absorption. Additionally, glucose helps ensure proper absorption of sodium. This explains why ORS contains both glucose and sodium.
According to research, there has been an increased success rate in how ORS helps treat dehydration. Since 1980, oral rehydration therapy has reduced diarrhoea-related deaths among children by two-thirds. Additionally, since 2007, oral rehydration therapy has prevented 54 million deaths due to diarrhoea.