Updated on 29 oct 2025
As per the Census 2011, over 26.8 million Indians, about 2.21% of the population, were living with some form of disability. While more than a decade has passed, access to inclusive and affordable healthcare continues to be a significant challenge for many.
To address this, the Government of India introduced specialised health insurance schemes like Niramaya and Swavlamban, designed to cover therapies, hospitalisation and even pre-existing conditions. In this article, we explain how these policies work, who is eligible and how to choose the right plan for long-term wellbeing and dignity.
What is a disability?
A disability is any physical, mental, sensory or intellectual condition that limits a person’s ability to perform daily activities or interact with their environment. It can start at birth or happen later due to illness, accident or old age.
Categorisation of disabilities in health insurance
Here’s a quick look at the main types:
- Physical disabilities: Covers conditions like paralysis, limb loss, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy and spinal injuries.
- Intellectual disabilities: Covers disorders such as autism, down syndrome and intellectual developmental disorder (IDD).
- Sensory disabilities: Refers to partial or complete loss of vision or hearing.
- Mental illness: Covers psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and severe depression, as per the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017.
- Multiple disabilities: Refers to a combination of two or more of the above categories, often requiring special support.
Important factors to consider while buying health insurance for disabled individuals
When choosing a health insurance policy for differently-abled individuals, it’s essential to ensure the plan covers the specific type of disability, whether physical, intellectual or mental. Check if pre-existing conditions are included and be aware of any waiting periods.
Opt for plans that offer therapy or rehabilitation benefits such as physiotherapy or occupational therapy. Review exclusions and ensure the policy has lifetime renewability. A simple and efficient claim process with good customer support is also important.
Finally, weigh premium costs against the benefits offered and explore eligibility for government-backed schemes like Niramaya or Ayushman Bharat for additional support.
Health plans for the disabled by the Government
Here are some key government-backed health insurance schemes for individuals with disabilities:
If you or your family member suffers from a disability, the medical condition does not necessarily need to be an impediment towards obtaining a health insurance policy. The Niramaya and the Swavlamban Health insurance schemes are here to ameliorate your burden to a great extent. Read on to find out what the schemes are about.
- Niramaya health insurance scheme
The Niramaya health insurance plan has been introduced by the National Trust to help persons afflicted by diseases such as autism, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis and related illnesses. The application fee for the Niramaya health insurance scheme is ₹250.
- Swavlamban health insurance plan
This plan is a group mediclaim policy meant for differently-abled persons. The objective of the health insurance plan is to provide affordable plans to persons suffering from blindness, hearing disability, loss of motor functions, mental disabilities, leprosy and related severe illnesses.
Eligibility criteria for this health insurance policy
To be eligible for health insurance, the applicant must be an Indian resident, typically between 18-65 years of age (age limits may vary by insurer).
A valid disability certificate issued by a government authority is required, and insurers may also request recent medical reports. Coverage depends on the type and severity of the disability, as defined under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016.
Some plans offer a family floater option, allowing parents or guardians to include differently-abled dependents.
How to find the right health policy for a disabled person?
To choose the right health policy for a disabled individual, start by identifying the type of disability, whether physical, mental, sensory or intellectual, as this affects coverage options.
Look for inclusive insurers that assess applications individually rather than rejecting them outright due to disability. Compare plans online or through agents to find policies with suitable benefits, including mental health coverage if needed.
Finally, review the waiting periods and exclusions to understand when coverage begins and what conditions may not be included.
Government benefits for the disabled people in India
Here are some key benefits provided by the Indian government to support persons with disabilities:
- Monthly disability pension: Financial assistance under state and central schemes like the Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS).
- Niramaya health insurance scheme: Free or low-cost health insurance for individuals with autism, cerebral palsy and other developmental disabilities.
- Income tax benefits: Tax deductions under Sections 80U and 80DD for disabled individuals and their caregivers.
- Railway and air travel concessions: Discounted fares for train and air travel, along with wheelchair assistance.
- Reservation in jobs and education: Reserved seats in government jobs, schools and colleges under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
- Subsidy on aids and appliances: Free or discounted assistive devices like wheelchairs, hearing aids and prosthetics through the ADIP scheme.
- Scholarships for students with disabilities: Financial aid for disabled students to pursue school and higher education.
Conclusion
Health insurance for differently-abled and mentally challenged individuals is a vital step toward equality and better healthcare access. Combining it with a health insurance plan provides wider protection against major health issues. With proper research and support, individuals and families can now find plans that meet their medical needs and financial situation.
While you take steps to support your loved one's health, let us help you choose the right plan. Fill out the form on this page to get expert advice and find the best policy for your needs.
FAQ
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Can disabled individuals avail free health insurance?
Yes, schemes like the Niramaya Health Insurance offer free or low-cost coverage for certain disabilities.
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Do persons with disabilities get any tax benefits?
Yes, disabled individuals and their family members can claim tax deductions under Sections 80U and 80DD of the Income Tax Act.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.