Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common skin condition that causes red, itchy bumps or welts on the skin. Many people experience it at least once in their lives. While it often resolves on its own, repeated or persistent flare-ups can significantly impact daily life, sleep and overall comfort.
Learning what triggers hives, why they occur and the treatment options available can help you manage symptoms effectively and regain control over your routine.
What is urticaria (hives)?
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, occurs when the immune system releases histamine in response to a trigger, causing blood vessels to leak and the skin to swell. If you are wondering what is hives, they present as red or skin-coloured bumps that can vary in size from small spots to larger patches.
Hives often appear suddenly and disappear within hours or a few days, but when they persist for weeks or longer, they are classified as chronic.
Who is at higher risk of getting hives?
While anyone can develop hives, certain groups are more prone to developing them. People with allergies to foods, pollen or pet dander, children with asthma or eczema and individuals with autoimmune conditions, such as thyroid disorders or lupus, are at a higher risk.
Women are more likely to experience chronic hives than men, and stress or anxiety can also trigger or worsen flare-ups.
What causes hives?
Hives occur when the immune system overreacts to a trigger, releasing histamine and causing the skin to swell. Common hives causes include foods such as shellfish, nuts, eggs and milk, as well as medications like antibiotics, aspirin and NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and allergens like pollen, pet dander, insect stings and mould.
Environmental factors, such as heat, cold, sunlight or pressure on the skin, can also cause flare-ups. In some cases, no clear cause is identified and this condition is referred to as idiopathic urticaria, also known as idiopathic hives.
How are hives diagnosed?
Hives are typically diagnosed through a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. If the condition persists, doctors may recommend additional tests:
- Allergy tests: Skin-prick or blood tests to identify potential allergens.
- Blood and urine tests: To rule out infections or autoimmune conditions.
- Food challenges: Controlled exposure to suspected foods under the supervision of a medical professional.
- Skin biopsy: Rarely done, but may be used if conditions like vasculitis are suspected.
How can I prevent hives or reduce flare-ups?
Not all cases of hives can be prevented, but the following steps may help lower the risk:
- Avoid known triggers: Steer clear of foods, medicines or environments that are known to cause symptoms.
- Bathe and change clothes: Do this after exposure to pollen, dust or pets to reduce irritation.
- Wear loose and breathable clothing, as cotton fabrics minimise friction and pressure on the skin.
- Keep skin cool: Heat can exacerbate hives, so using cold compresses and taking lukewarm showers may help alleviate symptoms.
- Use gentle skincare products: Fragrance-free soaps and detergents are less likely to irritate the skin.
- Manage stress: Simple techniques, such as meditation or yoga, can help reduce stress-related flare-ups.
When should I see a doctor for hives?
Most cases of hives resolve within hours or days, but medical advice is necessary if symptoms persist or worsen. You should consult a doctor if hives last more than a week, recur frequently, cause severe itching that disrupts sleep or develop into red, swollen or pus-filled bumps that may lead to infection.
Immediate medical attention is required if there is swelling of the lips, eyes or face, or if you experience difficulty breathing, wheezing or other signs of anaphylaxis.
How can you use health insurance in case of urticaria?
Chronic urticaria may require frequent doctor visits, tests and ongoing medication, which can be costly. A health insurance policy helps cover these expenses, including consultations, diagnostic tests and treatment for hives.
It also provides financial protection in emergencies, such as severe allergic reactions requiring urgent care. Individual health insurance plans can be tailored to include outpatient visits, hospitalisation and long-term treatment, ensuring that recurring hives are managed without financial strain.
Conclusion
Hives can be uncomfortable, but they do not have to disrupt your life. By identifying triggers, adopting simple preventive measures and seeking timely medical care when necessary, you can effectively manage flare-ups.
For those with chronic or recurrent hives, having a suitable health insurance policy ensures that treatment and emergency care are accessible without financial stress.
FAQs
Urticaria is a skin condition which causes red and itchy bumps or welts on the skin.
-
What are the common causes?
Foods, medicines, stress, insect bites and temperature changes are common hives causes.
-
What is the best hives treatment?
Antihistamines are the most common hives treatment, along with avoiding known triggers.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.