Sofia is Bulgaria's capital and one of the biggest cities in Eastern Europe. It is the oldest and most established city in Europe, with records showing evidence of human habitation as far back as 7000 BC. With its rich culture, dynamic nightlife, incredible architectural designs, and exciting landmarks, there are plenty of places to visit in Sofia and things to do in Sofia for those seeking to vacation in Eastern Europe. Whether you're after notable landmarks, cultural Sofia attractions and Sofia sightseeing, or outdoor activities, the city offers something for everybody. Here are the best places to visit in Sofia or the ideal getaway destinations.
Top Places to Visit in Sofia
- Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
- National History Museum
- Bulgaria National Opera & Ballet
- Boyana Church
- Vitosha Mountain
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Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
Situated in central Sofia, this fabulous Eastern Orthodox church is one of the city's most notable landmarks and among the top Sofia attractions. Its golden domes and complex mosaics are sights to behold. The cathedral is the most prominent Eastern Orthodox church in the Balkans. The building can hold 10,000 people at a time and commemorates Russian soldiers who died during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877. The cathedral bears its name from Saint Alexander Nevsky, a Russian prince.
Things to do at the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
- Admire the breathtaking Neoclassical and Byzantine architecture
- Visit the crypts to discover the mortal remains of Bulgarian royalty
- Attend a solemn service in the crypts
- Marvel at the large bells inside, some weighing 12 tonnes
- Take a guided tour to learn about the history of this beautiful building
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National Historical Museum
The largest museum in Bulgaria, the National Historical Museum, is another must-visit Sofia sightseeing place. Founded in 1973, the museum houses many archaeological relics and priceless national assets. It's the ideal place to learn about Bulgaria's rich history, as the museum contains over 650,000 objects connected to archaeology. The collections include materials dating from prehistoric ages till the present. The archaeological finds preserved at the museum include the Valchitran Treasure, Dabene Treasure, Rogozen Treasure, and Panagyurishte Treasure.
Things to do at the National Historical Museum
- Explore the museum's collection of artefacts from prehistoric to modern times
- Check out the exhibits on Bulgaria's ancient and medieval history
- Stroll through the galleries featuring Greek and Roman remains
- Admire the paintings from Bulgaria's National Revival period
- Visit the souvenir shop and pick up memorabilia
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Bulgaria National Opera and Ballet
This eminent opera house traces its roots back to 1890 when Bulgaria had just become independent of Ottoman rule. Since then, it has showcased some of the country's most cherished opera and ballet performances. From classic opera to modern takes on traditional ballet performances, you will be satisfied with the richness of the opera tradition this opera and ballet house has to offer. The building is worth admiring, too, as it is a mix of Neo-Renaissance and Baroque styles.
Things to do at the Bulgaria National Opera and Ballet
- Attend a performance of the opera or ballet by some of Bulgaria’s top artists
- Take a guided tour of the opera house and learn about its history
- Check out the museum and its collection of costumes
- Visit the souvenir shop and take home a unique memento
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Boyana Church
Yet another of the top places to visit in Sofia, this World Heritage Site is a beautifully preserved medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church that dates back to the 13th century. The architecture is an engineering wonder and an ideal destination to explore Bulgaria's rich social legacy. This church is home to a renowned assortment of 13th-century frescoes—a must-see for any explorer keen to experience a piece of Bulgaria's past.
Things to do at the Boyana Church
- Admire the beautiful frescoes and Byzantine icons that adorn the structure
- Explore archaeological artefacts on display at the church museum
- Learn about the history of Bulgarian art
- Climb up to the Bell Tower and admire the panoramic views of Sofia city
- Attend a church service or special programme for tranquillity and inspiration
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Vitosha Mountain
This mountain range is located just outside of Sofia and offers a great day trip opportunity in the lap of nature despite being in proximity to the city. From hiking trails to skiing slopes, there's something for everyone at Vitosha Mountain, not to forget the stunning views. It's an incredible spot to move away from the rush of the city and enjoy some natural and fresh air. You can also take the cable car up for an all-encompassing view and Sofia sightseeing.
Things to do in Vitosha Mountain
- Go for a hike or take a cable car to the highest point of the mountain
- Go skiing and snowboarding throughout the cold weather months
- Visit nearby villages and learn about the actual culture of the Bulgarian people
- Visit Boyana Lake and watch the mesmerising waterfalls