Limited slip differential (LSD) is a special type of differential gear train that helps to balance the force between a car’s two wheels, especially when road grip is limited due to rain, snow, or sandy conditions. This system improves the driving experience and increases the vehicle's stability, making it an essential safety feature in modern vehicles.
What are the Types of Limited Slip Differentials?
Limited slip differentials in cars are available in several styles. They are:
Helical gear
This LSD uses helical gears to distribute torque between the wheels. No clutch is required, reducing maintenance costs. Helical gear LSDs are primarily found in vehicles that require high power and balance, especially on hilly or winding roads. They remain smooth and quiet in normal driving, making them ideal for road use.
Clutch-type
The clutch-type LSD consists of clutch plates and springs. When one wheel fails to grip, it transfers torque to the other, balancing the wheels. This system is popular in sports or race cars as it offers excellent grip and control.
Torque Sensing (Torsen)
Torque-sensing LSDs are primarily used in off-road and high-performance vehicles. They sense the amount of torque and transfer it from one wheel to another as needed. The main advantage of torque-sensing LSDs is their instantaneous response without delay, which results in excellent stability.
Electronic (eLSD)
This is the most modern form of limited slip differential operated by electronic control. The eLSD contains sensors that monitor wheel rotation and torque and distribute torque between the wheels as needed. It is mainly used in vehicles that need high speed and handling. Another advantage of eLSD is that it provides more accurate and faster data than traditional LSD.
Viscous
Viscous LSD is a specific differential that uses water to distribute torque. A silicon-based fluid recognises the difference in wheel rotation and works to stabilise it. However, the system is limited to high-performance vehicles because it has a slightly longer response time.
Conclusion
The limited slip differential plays an important role in improving the performance and stability of the vehicle. This technology is very useful in high-performance vehicles with high safety standards. A good car insurance policy can help ensure the vehicle's enhanced safety.
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