E-bikes are truly an innovative and eco-friendly mode of transportation. However, this remarkable technological advancement comes with the high risk of an e-bike catching fire. The highly powered lithium-ion battery is highly efficient, but tends to overheat if not properly managed. Usually, under extreme heat conditions or exposure to short circuits, the battery's highly flammable electrolyte fluid can catch fire.
This article gives a detailed explanation of the causes of an e-bike fire and how you can prevent it.
How does an e-bike work?
A lithium-ion battery often powers an e-bike to enable its effective functioning. When you press the throttle or start pedalling, a controller manages the flow of electricity from the battery to the motor. The motor then propels the bike forward.
Most e-bikes offer pedal-assist (also known as pedelec) mode, where the motor provides power only when you are pedalling. The level of assistance is selected through a control unit and determines how much support the motor gives.
Importance of battery management system
A battery management system (BMS) is an electronic device that works to maintain the safety and efficiency of lithium-ion batteries.
The BMS uses sensors to monitor parameters such as temperature, voltage and current across individual cells and sections of the battery pack. It ensures safe operation by preventing conditions like overcharging, over-discharging, overheating and short circuits, which can otherwise lead to battery degradation or thermal runaway.
Why do e-bikes catch fire easily?
The lithium-ion batteries, which power most e-bikes and e-scooters, are the same battery type that powers the majority of today's electric vehicles (EVs), laptops, cell phones and power tools. When damaged, these batteries can overheat, catch fire and even cause explosions. The e-bike battery fires can also result from overloaded electric circuits, improper charging or faulty charging equipment.
Tips to prevent e-bike fires
Here are important tips that can help prevent e-bike fires:
- Avoid setting your charging area close to flammable or combustible materials.
- Do not leave your e-bike charging overnight.
- Place the charger directly into the main switch. Avoid using power extensions.
- Never store old lithium (li)-ions batteries in your home; instead, have them recycled safely.
- Avoid covering the charger or battery packs when charging, as it could cause a fire.
- Always park your e-bike under a shade or use underground parking. Avoid direct sunlight.
- Try to always use your e-bike's original cords and adapters, or ones from the same manufacturer.
What to do if your e-bike catches fire?
If your e-bike catches fire, do not panic; instead, try to respond quickly by taking the right measures.
First, prioritise safety by evacuating the area and alerting others to do the same. Once safe, call emergency services and inform them that the fire involves a lithium-ion e-bike battery.
If the fire is small and manageable, and you have a Class D fire extinguisher, you may attempt to put it out, only if you are confident and trained to do so.
After the fire is under control, dispose of the damaged battery at a certified e-waste facility. Never throw it in the bin, as it may still pose safety or environmental risks.
Call your insurer as soon as possible and let them know about the fire incident. That way, you can receive all-around compensation needed for possible e-bike damages or personal injuries under your comprehensive bike insurance policy.
Conclusion
Today, electric bikes (e-bikes) are becoming more common, with a focus on environmentally friendly transportation. However, fire accidents are increasing alarmingly, which raises concerns for users. You can avoid electric bike fires by always charging your battery safely and storing it properly in a safe and cool place.
Together with the precautions, remember to secure your electric bike with a good bike insurance that can cover any damages in case your e-bike catches fire. That way, you can be at peace knowing that if an unforeseen disaster happens, you are financially covered.
FAQs
- How can you ensure you purchase a safe-to-use e-bike?
To ensure you purchase a safe-to-use e-bike, choose one that is certified by a globally recognised testing laboratory. The device should also be labelled appropriately.
- Can I use an aftermarket battery for an e-bike?
You can use an aftermarket battery for an e-bike only if you have good knowledge about its compatibility. However, it's generally not recommended to use a non-original battery as it can lead to safety and performance issues, or concerns like fires.
- Can an electric bike battery catch fire when it is not charging?
Yes, an e-bike battery can catch fire even when not charging. This can be the case especially if the battery has sustained long-term damage, which can cause it to enter thermal runaway and cause fire.
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