Panic Attack and Seizure: Key Differences

Updated on - 02 Feb 2026

Experiencing sudden shaking, intense fear or a feeling of losing control can be alarming, whether it happens to you or someone around you. While a panic attack and a seizure may look similar, they have very different causes and require different care. Panic attacks are triggered by stress or fear, whereas seizures result from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Knowing the key differences can help you respond appropriately, seek timely medical help and ensure you and your loved ones are protected with the right critical illness insurance.

Panic attack or seizure: what's the difference?

Panic attacks and seizures are different health conditions. A panic attack usually occurs due to fear or stress. You may experience a racing heart, sweating or shaking, but you remain aware of your surroundings. A seizure, on the other hand, is caused by abnormal brain activity. During a seizure, you may lose awareness, fall or have uncontrolled movements.

Panic attacks generally last for a few minutes, while seizures can be shorter or longer. Knowing the difference helps ensure you receive the right medical care.

Understanding what a panic attack is

A panic attack is a sudden rush of intense fear that can occur without warning. It may cause a rapid heartbeat, chest tightness, shaking or sweating. Many people feel as if something terrible is about to happen, even when they are completely safe. A panic attack usually lasts only a few minutes, though it can feel much longer. Understanding what a panic attack is can help you stay calm and seek the right support when it occurs.

Understanding what a seizure is

A seizure occurs when there is a sudden, unusual burst of electrical activity in the brain. This can cause shaking, staring spells, confusion or a temporary loss of awareness. Some seizures are mild, while others may require medical attention. They can be triggered by high fever, low blood sugar, epilepsy, infections or injury.

Understanding seizures helps people stay calm and recognise when to seek help. If someone experiences a seizure, keeping them safe should be the first priority.

Common symptoms of panic attacks

Common symptoms of a panic attack can appear suddenly and feel very frightening. You may experience a rapid heartbeat or difficulty breathing. Some people feel dizzy, shaky or weak. A tight chest, sweating and a sensation of choking are also common. You might feel as if you are losing control or that something terrible is about to happen. These symptoms usually pass within minutes, but they can feel very intense while they occur.

Common symptoms of seizures

Common symptoms of seizures can appear suddenly and vary from person to person. You may notice sudden shaking of the body or stiffening of the muscles. Some people may stare blankly and not respond for a short time. Others might feel confused, dizzy or have difficulty speaking after the episode. There can also be unusual sensations, such as strange smells or tingling in the body. If these signs occur frequently, it is important to seek medical help.

Key differences between panic attacks and seizures

Look at the table below for the difference between a panic attack and a seizure:

Causes and triggers of panic attacks vs seizures

You can know what the causes and triggers of panic attacks and seizures are, with the help of the table below:

How doctors diagnose panic attacks and seizures

Doctors diagnose panic attacks and seizures by reviewing your symptoms and medical history. They may perform a physical exam to rule out other health issues. For seizures, an EEG test is often used to study brain activity.

For panic attacks, doctors may monitor breathing, heart rate and stress levels. Blood tests or scans can also help identify underlying causes. These steps allow doctors to provide the right treatment and ensure your safety.

Treatment options for panic attacks

Treatment for panic attacks includes steps that anyone can follow. Breathing exercises can quickly calm the body, while talking to a therapist helps you manage fear and stress. In some cases, doctors may prescribe medication to control symptoms. Maintaining regular exercise, good sleep and limiting caffeine can reduce the likelihood of future attacks.

Support from family and friends also plays a vital role. By combining these strategies, you can regain a sense of control, improve your well-being and confidently manage panic attacks when they occur.

Treatment options for seizures

Treatment options for seizures depend on the cause and severity. Most people are given anti-seizure medicines to help control the attacks. If medicines do not work well, doctors may suggest therapy or lifestyle changes to reduce triggers. In some cases, surgery may be advised to fix the part of the brain causing the seizures. A special diet, such as the ketogenic diet, can also help some patients. Regular check-ups are important to make sure the treatment is working safely.

When to seek medical help

You should seek medical help if panic attack symptoms persist or become more severe. Immediate attention is needed if you experience chest pain, trouble breathing or feel unsafe. It is also important to see a doctor if you experience seizures, shaking or loss of awareness.

Call emergency services if a seizure lasts longer than five minutes. Do not wait for symptoms to pass on their own, as early medical care can keep you safe and prevent serious complications.

Can panic attacks or seizures affect health insurance coverage?

Panic attacks or seizures do not usually prevent you from getting health insurance. In India, mediclaim policy usually covers these conditions. Insurers may ask for medical details to better understand your health, and in some cases, the premium may be slightly higher if the risk is considered greater. Most people can still obtain proper coverage with a suitable plan.

Always provide honest information when applying, as this helps avoid issues during claims. For personalised guidance on the right plan, fill out the form on this page and our experts will assist you.

Conclusion

Panic attacks and seizures may appear similar, but they are different conditions. A panic attack is primarily caused by fear or stress, while a seizure results from sudden changes in brain activity. Knowing the difference helps you get the right care at the right time.

If you are ever unsure about your symptoms, it is important to consult a doctor. Early guidance can prevent complications and provide peace of mind, helping you stay safe and support others who may face these conditions.

FAQs

1. How is a panic attack different from a seizure?

A panic attack happens due to sudden fear or stress. A seizure occurs when the brain’s electrical activity becomes abnormal.

2. Can a panic attack make you faint like a seizure?

A panic attack may cause dizziness, but fainting is rare. A seizure can lead to loss of awareness or body control.

3. Do both conditions need medical treatment?

Panic attacks need support and stress management. Seizures need medical tests and proper treatment from a doctor or specialist.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.