Updated on 2 Jan 2026
Mushrooms are widely enjoyed across the world for their taste and nutritional value. They are used in curries, soups, salads and even in medicinal preparations. While many mushroom varieties are safe and beneficial, some can trigger allergic reactions, digestive problems, or even severe poisoning if consumed incorrectly. That is why it is advised to know more about the possible side effects and knowing how to reduce risks is essential for safe consumption. Let us explore the side effects of mushrooms, precautions to take and whether health insurance covers mushroom poisoning in this blog.
What are mushrooms?
Mushrooms are fungi that naturally grow in the environment, with over 10,000 known species. They are commonly used in cooking because they are rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Edible mushrooms include button, shiitake and oyster varieties, while some species like Amanita phalloides are toxic and can cause serious health issues. Because edible and poisonous types often look similar, identifying them correctly is crucial.
What are the side effects of mushrooms?
The following are some of the most common mushroom side effects:
Digestive issues
- Some varieties of mushrooms are difficult to digest and can cause stomach pain, bloating, nausea or diarrhoea.
- Wild mushrooms may contain harmful bacteria that upset the stomach.
Allergic reactions
- Some people may be allergic to mushrooms, causing symptoms such as rashes, itching or swelling.
- In severe cases, the allergic reaction may cause difficulty in breathing that requires immediate medical attention.
Poisoning from toxic mushrooms
- Certain wild mushrooms, such as the death cap, are poisonous and may lead to severe illness or even death.
- Symptoms of mushroom poisoning include vomiting, dizziness and confusion.
- It is important to be cautious when picking wild mushrooms, as some edible varieties closely resemble toxic ones.
Drug interactions
- Some medicinal mushrooms, like reishi or lion’s mane, may interact with medications.
- They can affect blood sugar levels, blood pressure or the immune system.
Liver and kidney Issues
- Certain mushrooms, when eaten in large amounts, may put stress on the liver and kidneys.
- Some wild mushrooms have toxins that can cause long-term damage to these organs.
Contamination with pesticides or heavy metals
- Mushrooms grown in polluted environments may absorb heavy metals and pesticides due to their unique ability to take in substances from the soil. This makes them more prone to accumulating contaminants like pesticides and metals.
- Consuming contaminated mushrooms over time may lead to health problems.
How to minimise risks when consuming mushrooms?
To ensure safety, proper handling and consumption methods should be followed.
Buy from trusted sources: Purchase mushrooms only from reliable shops and markets.
- Cook thoroughly: Cooking reduces harmful compounds and lowers the risk of stomach irritation.
- Avoid raw mushrooms: Raw mushrooms can be harder to digest and may contain natural toxins.
- Do not forage without expertise: Wild mushrooms should only be collected by trained experts.
- Check expiry dates: Packaged mushrooms must be consumed before spoilage.
Who should avoid mushrooms?
Certain groups of people should be cautious or avoid mushrooms altogether.
- Individuals with allergies: Those allergic to fungi may face serious reactions.
- People with weak immunity: Patients undergoing chemotherapy or with immune disorders should avoid high-risk foods, including wild mushrooms.
- Children and elderly: Both groups are more vulnerable to foodborne illness.
- Those on specific medication: Individuals taking immunosuppressants or blood thinners should consult a doctor before including mushrooms in their diet.
Does health insurance cover mushroom poisoning?
In India, health insurance coverage for mushroom poisoning varies based on the specifics of the policy. While some comprehensive health insurance plans may cover treatment costs for food poisoning, including cases of mushroom poisoning, others may exclude such incidents, especially if the consumption was intentional or due to negligence. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) mandates that insurers disclose all inclusions and exclusions clearly in the policy documents.
It is usually recommended to review the policy document carefully or speak with the insurer for clarity on inclusions and exclusions related to mushroom poisoning. Since mushroom poisoning can result in costly hospitalisation, it is important to understand how your health insurance policy treats such cases.
Conclusion
Mushrooms are a popular food item that offer nutrition and flavour, but they can also pose risks if consumed without caution. From mild digestive issues to severe poisoning caused by toxic varieties, the side effects can vary widely. Safe practices such as cooking mushrooms properly, purchasing from reliable sources and avoiding raw or unidentified ones can reduce these risks.
Incidents like mushroom poisoning can come without warning, and treatment costs can be stressful if you are unprepared. Protect yourself and your family with the right health insurance. Fill out the form on this page to receive expert guidance on health insurance options tailored to your needs.
FAQs
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Can eating raw mushrooms be harmful?
Raw mushrooms might be difficult to digest and may contain small amounts of natural toxins. Cooking usually reduces these risks.
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Are wild mushrooms safe to eat?
Not all wild mushrooms are safe. Some varieties are highly toxic and can be mistaken for edible types. Foraging should only be done by experts.
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Can children eat mushrooms safely?
Cooked, edible mushrooms are generally safe for children. However, it is best to introduce them in small amounts to check for allergies.
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Is a mushroom allergy common?
Mushroom allergy is uncommon but possible. Symptoms can include itching, rashes, or breathing difficulties, and medical attention may be required.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Please consult a certified medical and/or nutrition professional for any questions. Relying on any information provided in this blog is solely at your own risk, and ICICI Lombard is not responsible for any effects or consequences resulting from the use of the information shared.