Driving on highways allows you to cover long distances quickly, but safe driving becomes even more important when vehicles move at higher speeds. Following the right highway rules helps prevent accidents and ensures a comfortable journey for everyone on the road.
Indian highways have specific guidelines related to documents, speed limits, lane use and signalling. Understanding these highway rules and regulations is essential to make your travel smoother and enjoyable.
Essential documents required for highway travel
When travelling on Indian highways, you should keep the following documents with you at all times:
- Driving licence: A valid licence confirming your eligibility to drive a vehicle.
- Registration certificate: The vehicle’s RC book with complete details.
- Insurance certificate: A valid four wheeler insurance policy document.
- Pollution under control (PUC) certificate: Proof that your vehicle meets emission standards.
- Identity proof: An Aadhaar card or any other ID may be required at certain checkpoints.
Speed limits on Indian highways
On most Indian highways, the permitted speed depends on the type of road and vehicle:
- Cars: The limit generally ranges from 80 to 120 km/h, depending on whether it is a national highway or an expressway.
- Two-wheelers: Speed limits usually fall between 60 and 80 km/h.
- Heavy vehicles: Buses and trucks typically have lower limits for safety, usually falling between 60 and 80 km/h.
These limits may vary across states, so it is important to follow the signboards placed along the highways.
Lane discipline and overtaking rules
As a driver, you should drive in your designated lane and avoid frequent or unnecessary lane changes, as this can disrupt traffic flow and lead to sudden braking. Overtaking should always be done from the right side and only after checking mirrors and ensuring there is enough space to move ahead safely. Once the overtaking is complete, the vehicle should return to its original lane and without cutting off the vehicle behind.
Safe distance and tailgating guidelines
Keep enough space between the vehicles to allow time for safe braking in case of sudden stops or changes in traffic flow. Tailgating, or driving too closely behind another vehicle, increases the risk of rear-end collisions and reduces your ability to react quickly. A general rule is to follow the “three-second gap”, adjusting it further during different weather, such as rain or fog. Keeping a comfortable distance not only improves safety but also reduces stress when driving for long hours on busy highways.
Rules for using indicators, horns and headlights
Using indicators, horns, and headlights correctly are important highway rules for driving, as they help provide clear communication. Indicators should always be used before changing lanes, overtaking or taking an exit to let other drivers anticipate your next movement. Horns should be used only when necessary to alert another vehicle. It is recommended to avoid continuous or loud honking as it may cause confusion or discomfort. Headlights must be used appropriately, especially during low visibility, at night or in tunnels. High beams should be avoided when approaching oncoming traffic, as they can affect the other driver’s vision.
Highway signage and what they mean
These signs help drivers understand road conditions and follow highway traffic rules safely on highways:
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Signage / Symbol
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Meaning
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Speed limit
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Shows the maximum speed permitted on that stretch of road.
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No overtaking
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Overtaking is not allowed due to safety risks.
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Lane merge
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Two lanes are joining; drivers must adjust speed and merge safely.
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Sharp turn ahead
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Warns of an upcoming curve where you need to slow down.
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U-turn prohibited
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U-turns are not allowed at that point.
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No horn
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Honking is restricted, usually near hospitals or silent zones.
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Pedestrian crossing
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Indicates a crossing area where people may walk across the road.
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Animal crossing
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Animals may cross the road; drivers should stay alert.
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Narrow bridge
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The bridge ahead is narrow; slow down and proceed carefully.
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Men at work
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Road maintenance or construction is taking place ahead.
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Slippery road
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The road may have reduced grip, especially during rain.
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Stop sign
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Vehicles must come to a complete halt before moving forward.
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Hospital ahead
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A medical facility is nearby; drive cautiously.
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Fuel station
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Indicates an upcoming petrol pump or fuel station.
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Roundabout ahead
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A circular intersection is ahead; slow down and choose the correct lane.
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Do’s and don’ts at toll plazas
Slow down while approaching the toll plaza and use the correct lane for your payment method, such as FASTag. Maintain a safe distance, follow lane markings and keep your FASTag balance sufficient. Move ahead only when signalled.
Avoid overtaking, sudden lane changes, unnecessary honking or jumping queues. Do not block lanes or rush through the booth. After crossing, accelerate smoothly and merge back safely.
Conclusion
Driving on the highway becomes safer when you follow highway driving rules related to documents, speed limits, lane use and road signage. These rules help you stay alert, avoid violations and handle different situations with confidence.
Additionally, it is important to have third party insurance in addition to own-damage insurance to meet legal requirements and to address third-party claims, if any, during your journey.
FAQs
1. What documents should I show if stopped on a highway?
You may be asked to show your driving licence, RC, valid insurance and PUC certificate. Digital copies in DigiLocker or mParivahan are also accepted.
2. Is FASTag mandatory on Indian highways?
Yes, FASTag is mandatory on most national highways. Vehicles without it may be charged an extra toll or penalised.
3. What should I do if my vehicle breaks down on a highway?
Move the vehicle to the shoulder, switch on hazard lights, place a warning triangle and call roadside assistance. Avoid standing in the middle of the road.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational and informational purposes only. It may contain outdated data and information regarding the topic featured in the article. It is advised to verify the currency and relevance of the data and information before taking any major steps. ICICI Lombard is not liable for any inaccuracies or consequences resulting from the use of this outdated information.
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